{"id":31737,"date":"2024-11-05T18:07:46","date_gmt":"2024-11-05T12:37:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/?p=31737"},"modified":"2024-11-05T18:07:48","modified_gmt":"2024-11-05T12:37:48","slug":"news-in-short-05-11-2024","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/current-affairs\/05-11-2024\/news-in-short-05-11-2024","title":{"rendered":"News In Short 05-11-2024"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>DANA Causes Flash Floods in Spain<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus: GS1\/ Physical Geography<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>In News<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Catastrophic flash floods in Spain caused havoc mainly attributed to the DANA Phenomenon.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>About DANA<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Known in <strong>Spain as DANA<\/strong> (Depresi\u00f3n Aislada en Niveles Altos) or high-altitude isolated depression, this system can develop independently of typical jet streams, unlike regular storms.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Formation Mechanism:<\/strong> Cold air moves over <strong>warm Mediterranean waters<\/strong>, causing warm air to <strong>rise quickly.<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>This forms dense, moisture-filled clouds that can stay in one area, increasing the likelihood of severe flooding.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>DANA mostly occurs in autumn, when summer\u2019s warm surface heat meets sudden cold air from polar regions, creating a low-pressure system that remains over a specific region.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: Reuters<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>PM Vishwakarma Scheme\u00a0<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus: GS 3\/Economy<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>In News\u00a0<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The PM Vishwakarma Scheme has received over 25 million applications.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>PM Vishwakarma Scheme<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>About<\/strong>: Named after <strong>Lord Vishwakarma<\/strong> (deity of artisans and craftspeople in Indian culture); it was launched in 2023.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Nodal Ministry:<\/strong> Ministry of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Type: <\/strong>Central Sector Scheme (fully funded by the Government of India)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Objectives:<\/strong>\u00a0 Provides comprehensive support to artisans and craftspeople across 18 specified trades (e.g., carpenter, blacksmith, potter, tailor, etc.).\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Enabling artisans to sell their products both domestically and internationally.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Strengthen the local economy by promoting traditional crafts and artisanal products.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Key Features:<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Recognition to Artisans<\/strong>: PM Vishwakarma certificate and ID card.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Skill Upgradation<\/strong>:Basic Training: 5\u20137 days, stipend of Rs. 500\/day.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Advanced Training<\/strong>: 15+ days, with stipend.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Toolkit Incentive<\/strong>: E-voucher of up to Rs. 15,000 for tools at start of Basic Training.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Credit Support to Artisans: <\/strong>Collateral-free loans up to Rs. 3 lakh, split into Rs. 1 lakh and Rs. 2 lakh tranches.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>5% concessional interest, with an 8% government subvention.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Marketing Support<\/strong>: Includes quality certification, branding, onboarding on e-commerce platforms (e.g., GeM), and advertising for improved market linkage<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: AIR<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>Aditya-L1 Mission<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus: GS3\/ S&amp;T<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>In News<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The first scientific result from <strong>Aditya-L1<\/strong> has been released.\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>About<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Using data from the <strong>Visible Emission Line Coronagraph (VELC)<\/strong>, scientists were able to observe the precise onset of a <strong>coronal mass ejection (CME) from the Sun.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The <strong>Coronal Mass Ejection (CME)<\/strong> can damage the electronics in satellites in near-earth space and disrupt radio communication networks on the earth. Understanding and predicting CMEs is c<strong>rucial for protecting technology and infrastructure.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>About Aditya L1 mission<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The Aditya-L1 mission is <strong>India&#8217;s first dedicated scientific mission to study the Su<\/strong>n. The mission aims to observe and analyze various aspects of the Sun from <strong>Lagrangian Point 1 (L1).<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Lagrangian Point 1 (L1) <\/strong>is a position in space where the<strong> gravitational forces of two celestial bodies<\/strong>, such as the Sun and Earth, <strong>are in equilibrium<\/strong>. At this point, Aditya-L1 can continuously observe the Sun without any interference.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh7-rt.googleusercontent.com\/docsz\/AD_4nXdQLvxOjAAWKAW7QjCGXd36cghZMhLiRaqzSKEQIHG9rNYUjbmZ8WUI8JefUlx2gS9Qi-iO1JDQ5Kp-UGyLY08umyWoA0R90J6fVrbzfa6g54wn2LK0XKMhNUvocSPuhfNB-cXzRKItPM81nmt7epkPnygZ?key=lrSPujGHTGEOT-2ujHeAwEvn\" alt=\"Aditya-L1 Mission\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p><strong>Image Courtesy: HT<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: TH<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>Connection Between Nickel Toxicity and Sterols<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus: GS3\/Science and Technology<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Context<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Researchers have discovered that exposing mammalian and fungal cells to the <strong>heavy metal nickel resulted in sterol deficiency.<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Until this report, no one suspected <strong>nickel toxicity was related to sterol biosynthesis<\/strong> in fungi and animals.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>About<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>In fungi, including yeast, the major sterol is <strong>ergosterol<\/strong>. Blocking ergosterol biosynthesis can adversely affect fungal growth.\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Most important agents humans use to fight fungal infections are azoles (like fluconazole) <strong>inhibit ergosterol biosynthesis.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Sterols<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>In Plants: <\/strong>Sterols are an important chemical component of the cell membranes of plants, animals, and fungi. The compound makes the membranes more rigid.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>In mammals<\/strong> including humans, the principal sterol is <strong>cholesterol<\/strong>.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>If it is present in high concentrations in the body, it tends to be deposited in the inner lining of our blood vessels.\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>As the deposits accumulate, they block the flow of blood, eventually leading to chest pain, heart attack, and\/or stroke.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Doctors widely used drugs called <strong>statins <\/strong>to reduce the amount of cholesterol the body makes \u2014 i.e. <strong>cholesterol biosynthesis<\/strong> \u2014 to avoid these adverse outcomes.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The study could help in discovering a <strong>novel antifungal agent.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/sci-tech\/science\/unexpected-link-between-nickel-toxicity-cholesterol-levels-found\/article68827699.ece#:~:text=They%20discovered%20that%20exposing%20mammalian,ERG25%2C%20which%20encodes%20an%20enzyme.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>TH<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>International Solar Alliance (ISA)<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus: GS 3 \/Environment&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>In News<\/strong>\u00a0<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The <strong>seventh session of the International Solar Alliance (ISA) Assembly<\/strong> was held in New Delhi. <strong>India elected as president<\/strong> and<strong> France as co-president <\/strong>for a two-year term from 2024 to 2026.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>International Solar Alliance (ISA)<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>About:<\/strong> It is an intergovernmental organization <strong>launched in 2015 by India and France<\/strong> at the <strong>UN Climate Change Conference (COP21) in Paris.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Objectives:<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Achieve 1000 GW of solar capacity worldwide by 2030.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Mobilize over USD 1 trillion in solar investments for member countries.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Develop financial mechanisms to reduce solar energy costs.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Establish solar energy as a mainstream source globally.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Evolution: <\/strong>Initially for tropical countries,<strong> ISA expanded its scope in 2020<\/strong>, allowing all UN member states to join. Currently, over 110 countries have signed the ISA Framework Agreement, with 90 full members.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>It became the first international intergovernmental organization headquartered in India at National Institute of Solar Energy (NISE) in Gurugram.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Governance Structure:<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>ISA Assembly:<\/strong> The main decision-making body comprising representatives from member countries.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Steering Committee:<\/strong> Provides strategic guidance and oversight.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Secretariat:<\/strong> Administrative body responsible for implementing decisions.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Director General:<\/strong> Leads the ISA Secretariat for a term of 4 years with the possibility of re-election.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Some Important Initiatives of ISA<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Solar Technology Application Resource Centre (STAR-C):<\/strong> Provides training and technical support for solar deployment.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Scaling Solar Applications for Agriculture Use (SSAAU): <\/strong>Promotes solar use in agriculture (e.g., irrigation, cold storage).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>ISA CARES:<\/strong> Ensures solar-powered healthcare in remote areas.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>One Sun, One World, One Grid (OSOWOG): <\/strong>Aims to create a global solar grid for energy sharing.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Solar Parks Program: <\/strong>Assists in developing large solar parks.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>ISA Awards: <\/strong>Recognizes achievements in solar innovation.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Rooftop Solar Program:<\/strong> Supports rooftop solar adoption in urban areas.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Source: TH<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>Toy Train on Green Hydrogen<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus: GS3\/Environment<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Context<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Himachal Pradesh Chief Minister, urged the Central government to explore the possibility of running trains on the <strong>Kalka-Shimla narrow-guage railway, a UNESCO world heritage site<\/strong>, on green hydrogen.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>About<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The transition would help the state in achieving its goal of becoming a<strong> \u2018green energy state\u2019 by 2026.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The State is on track to replace its current thermal power consumption of 1,500 Million Units (MUs) with renewable sources, including hydro, solar, and wind power.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>What is Green Hydrogen?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Green hydrogen<\/strong> refers to hydrogen that is produced <strong>using renewable energy sources<\/strong>, such as wind, solar, or hydropower, through a process called <strong>electrolysis<\/strong>.\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Electrolysis involves splitting water (H2O) into hydrogen (H2) and oxygen (O2) using an electric current.\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>When this electricity comes from renewable sources, the hydrogen produced is considered &#8220;green&#8221; because the overall process has a <strong>minimal environmental impact.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Benefit: <\/strong>It is a clean burning element that can decarbonise a range of sectors including iron and steel, chemicals, and transportation.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Hydrogen can be stored for long periods of time which can be used to produce electricity using fuel cells.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/news\/national\/himachal-pradesh\/himachal-urges-centre-to-explore-possibility-of-running-trains-on-green-hydrogen-on-kalka-shimla-heritage-rail-track\/article68828638.ece\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>TH<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>Exercise VINBAX-2024\u00a0<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus: GS 3\/Defence<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Context<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The 5th Edition of Vietnam Indian Bilateral Army Exercise \u201cVINBAX-2024\u201d commenced at Ambala, India.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>About<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Instituted in <strong>2018<\/strong>, exercise VINBAX is an annual training event conducted alternatively in India and Vietnam.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Aim of the exercise is to foster collaborative partnership, promote inter-operability and share best practices between the two sides under <strong>Chapter VII<\/strong> <strong>of United Nations Charter<\/strong> on Peace Keeping Operations.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>This edition marks a significant increase in the scope with <strong>Bi Service<\/strong> level participation for the first time by personnel of Army and Air Force from both the countries.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/pib.gov.in\/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2070563#:~:text=INDIA%2D%20VIETNAM%20JOINT%20MILITARY%20EXERCISE%20VINBAX%202024%20COMMENCES%20AT%20AMBALA%2C%20HARYANA&amp;text=The%205th%20Edition%20of,2024%20at%20Ambala%20and%20Chandimandir.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">PIB<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>India, Algeria sign MoU on Defence Cooperation<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus: GS 1\/Places in News and GS 2\/IR&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Context<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>India and Algeria signed the Memorandum of Understanding(MoU) to elevate defence ties, foster mutual understanding, and strengthen strategic interests.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>About Algeria (Capital: Algiers)<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Situated:\u00a0 Maghreb region <\/strong>of North Africa on the Mediterranean coast.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Algeria<\/strong>, Libya, Mauritania, Morocco and Tunisia are referred to as the <strong>Maghreb countries.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Bordered By:<\/strong>\u00a0 Mediterranean Sea on the North, Morocco, Sahrawi Arab Republic and Mauritania on the West, Mali and Niger on the South, Libya and Tunisia on the East.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Physiography: <\/strong>The <strong>major mountain ranges<\/strong> in Algeria are the <strong>Atlas Mountains<\/strong>, which run from the Moroccan border to the eastern border of Tunisia. The <strong>highest peak<\/strong> in Algeria is <strong>Mount Tahat<\/strong>, which is located in the Ahaggar Mountains.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Chelif River<\/strong> is the longest and most important river of Algeria.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh7-rt.googleusercontent.com\/docsz\/AD_4nXfSzhwJ5eQZ8fqRt4BlzbOQO-Du_ExlWIPtGUt9zrhx36Pw0T8GSzRHdeIIX4beR2HrCS8dWekU6oPeHb-Jjvh_xuQhh4C6V9kJyHH5tAf5dDPJLzLapErJwY2Oy1jVLTQSqx2mVC2STzC7dj2XU-uQjQo?key=lrSPujGHTGEOT-2ujHeAwEvn\" alt=\"Algeria \" style=\"width:446px;height:auto\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p><strong>Source:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.newsonair.gov.in\/india-algeria-sign-mou-on-bilateral-defence-cooperation\/#:~:text=India%20and%20Algeria%20today%20signed,understanding%20and%20enhancing%20strategic%20interests.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">AIR<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Catastrophic flash floods in Spain caused havoc mainly attributed to the DANA Phenomenon.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[21],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-31737","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-current-affairs"],"acf":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/31737","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=31737"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/31737\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":31738,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/31737\/revisions\/31738"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=31737"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=31737"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=31737"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}