{"id":30654,"date":"2024-10-10T17:44:06","date_gmt":"2024-10-10T12:14:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/?p=30654"},"modified":"2025-07-11T18:10:24","modified_gmt":"2025-07-11T12:40:24","slug":"news-in-short-10-10-2024","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/current-affairs\/10-10-2024\/news-in-short-10-10-2024","title":{"rendered":"News In Short-10-10-2024"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>National Maritime Heritage Complex (NMHC)<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus :GS 1\/Culture&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>In News<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The Union Cabinet, chaired by Prime Minister Narendra Modi, approved the development of the <strong>National Maritime Heritage Complex (NMHC)<\/strong> at <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/current-affairs\/30-09-2024\/lothal-and-new-proof-on-its-dockyard\">Lothal<\/a>, Gujarat.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>About National Maritime Heritage Complex (NMHC)<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>It is being constructed at Lothal, Gujarat, a site of historical significance linked to the Indus Valley Civilization. The project is under the <strong>Ministry of Ports, Shipping, and Waterways.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Its primary objective is to showcase the <strong>maritime heritage of India from ancient to modern times<\/strong>, utilizing an edutainment approach and incorporating the latest technology<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Importance:<\/strong> The NMHC is set to become the <strong>world&#8217;s largest maritime museum complex<\/strong>, positioning it as a key international tourist destination.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The project aligns with the Prime Minister&#8217;s vision to showcase India\u2019s 4,500-year maritime heritage, initiated by the Ministry of Ports, Shipping &amp; Waterways (MoPSW).\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>It is a part of the<strong> Sagarmala Programme<\/strong>, a flagship initiative by the Government of India aimed at promoting port-led development and enhancing the efficiency of logistics in the country.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Employment generation.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: PIB<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>Sahara Desert<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus: GS1\/ Geography<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Context<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The Sahara Desert in southeastern Morocco has experienced a rare deluge of rainfall, transforming it into a blue lagoon.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>About Sahara<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Location: <\/strong>It stretches from the <strong>Red Sea in the east<\/strong> and the <strong>Mediterranean in the north to the Atlantic Ocean in the west,<\/strong> where the landscape gradually changes from desert to coastal plains.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>To the south it is bounded by the<strong> Sahel<\/strong>, a belt of semi-arid tropical savanna.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>It stretches across countries<\/strong>, including Algeria, Egypt, Libya, Mali, Mauritania, Morocco, Niger, Western Sahara, Sudan, Chad, and Tunisia.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Mountains: <\/strong>&nbsp;Ahaggar Mountains, Tibesti Mountains, A\u00efr Mountains.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Human Inhabitants: <\/strong>It is home to nomadic groups like the <strong>Tuareg and Berbers.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Flora: <\/strong>Date palms, tamarisk, and acacia trees.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Fauna: <\/strong>Gazelles, Addax (antelope), Saharan silver ant etc.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: TOI<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>EVM Battery Functionality<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus: GS2\/Governance<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>In News<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The Congress party has raised concerns about the Haryana Assembly election results, questioning the integrity of<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/electronic-voting-machine-evm\/\"><strong> Electronic Voting Machines (EVMs).<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>About<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The ECI has not officially responded to the allegations but stated that no complaints about <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/electronic-voting-machine-evm\/\">EVM <\/a>batteries were received during polling.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Legal challenges to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/electronic-voting-machine-evm\/\">EVMs <\/a>have consistently failed, and the Supreme Court recently upheld the use of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/electronic-voting-machine-evm\/\">EVMs<\/a>, rejecting calls for a return to paper ballots.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/electronic-voting-machine-evm\/\"><strong>EVM <\/strong><\/a><strong>Battery Functionality:<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>EVMs operate on alkaline batteries, with the control unit (CU) typically having a power pack of 7.5 or 8 volts and the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/current-affairs\/13-09-2023\/petition-for-counting-all-vvpat-slips-13-09-2023\">Voter Verifiable Paper Audit Trail (VVPAT) <\/a>unit at 22.5 volts.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Battery levels are monitored and displayed as \u201cHigh\u201d, \u201cMedium\u201d, \u201cLow\u201d, and \u201cChange Battery.\u201d\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>A new battery generally lasts throughout the election and counting process.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Battery Change Procedure:<\/strong>Batteries are checked and installed before elections, with political party representatives allowed to observe.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>In case of low battery during polling, a replacement occurs in the presence of polling agents and sector officers.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Source:IE<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>Indian Institute of Skills (IIS)<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus: GS2\/Governance<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>In News<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Prime Minister Narendra Modi inaugurated various development projects in Maharashtra worth over Rs 7600 crore via video conference.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Indian Institute of Skills (IIS):<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>IIS was launched in Mumbai to enhance the employability of Indian youth for national and global opportunities.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It was established through a<strong> Public-Private Partnership (PPP) <\/strong>between the Ministry of Skill Development and Tata Trusts.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It aims to prepare an industry-ready workforce for Industry 4.0.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Initially offers six specialized courses, including Advanced Industrial Automation and Electric Vehicle Battery Specialist.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Key Training Areas:<\/strong> Focuses on factory automation, digital manufacturing, mechatronics, artificial intelligence, data analytics, and additive manufacturing.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Importance&nbsp; :It <\/strong>is aimed at creating a skilled, resilient workforce to drive economic growth and prosperity.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>IIS is pivotal for India&#8217;s vision as the &#8220;<strong>Skill Capital of the World<\/strong>.&#8221;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Source:PIB<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>Forex Reserves Hit All-Time High of $704.89 Billion<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus: GS3\/ Economy<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Context<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>India\u2019s forex reserves reached a record high of <strong>$704.89 billion<\/strong> as of September 27, marking a $12.5 billion increase.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>About<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Foreign Exchange Reserves are assets held by a country&#8217;s central bank in foreign currencies. These reserves include;\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Foreign Currencies: <\/strong>A reserve of foreign currencies, including US dollars, euros, yen, etc.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Special Drawing Rights (SDRs): <\/strong>These are international reserve assets allocated by the International Monetary Fund (IMF).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Reserve Position in the IMF:<\/strong> This is the amount a country can access in the IMF without conditions.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Gold Reserves<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Reserve Bank of India (RBI)<\/strong> is the custodian of the Foreign exchange reserves in India.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Purposes of Foreign Exchange Reserves<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Stabilizing Currency:<\/strong> Reserves help stabilize the national currency by managing exchange rate volatility.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Supporting Imports and Debt:<\/strong> Reserves are used to pay for essential imports or service external debt.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Confidence in Economy:<\/strong> Large reserves provide confidence to foreign investors regarding a country&#8217;s economic stability.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Balance of Payments:<\/strong> These reserves help manage any deficits in a country\u2019s balance of payments.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: ET<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>Non-banking financial companies (NBFCs)<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus: GS3\/Economy<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Context<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Reserve Bank of India (RBI) governor Shaktikanta Das warned of action against those<strong> non-banking financial companies (NBFCs) <\/strong>who are pursuing unsustainable practices to push growth.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Non-banking financial companies (NBFCs)<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>It is a company registered under the <strong>Companies Act, 1956<\/strong> engaged in the business of loans and advances, acquisition of shares\/stocks\/bonds\/ debentures\/securities issued by Government or local authority or other marketable securities.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>They are financial institutions that <strong>offer various banking services but do not have a banking license.&nbsp;<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Generally, these institutions are not allowed to take traditional demand deposits\u2014readily available funds, such as those in checking or savings accounts\u2014from the public.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The functions of the NBFCs are managed by both the <strong>Ministry of Corporate Affairs and the Reserve Bank of India.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>What is the difference between banks &amp; NBFCs?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>NBFCs lend and make investments and hence their activities are akin to that of banks; however there are a few differences as given below:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>NBFC cannot accept demand deposits;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>NBFCs do not form part of the payment and settlement system and cannot issue cheques drawn on itself;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Deposit insurance facility of Deposit Insurance and Credit Guarantee Corporation is not available to depositors of NBFCs, unlike in case of banks.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/business\/rbis-das-warns-nbfcs-against-growing-aggressively-at-any-cost\/article68736766.ece\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>TH<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>Digital Arrest<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus: GS3\/ Internal Security<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Context<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Fraudsters in Indore duped a 65-year-old woman of \u20b946 lakh through a five-day fake interrogation, in a case of &#8216;digital arrest.&#8217;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>What is Digital Arrest?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Digital Arrest is a <strong>form of cyber fraud <\/strong>where scammers impersonate law enforcement officers through audio or video calls, falsely accusing individuals of crimes or legal violations.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The fraudsters use fabricated legal documents and <strong>confine victims to their homes <\/strong>by threatening arrest unless a payment is made.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>The Legality of Digital Arrests in India<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Arrests in India require physical detention by recognized law enforcement officials under the<strong> Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 <\/strong>or under the <strong>Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023 (BNSS).&nbsp;<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The law only provides for service of the<strong> summons<\/strong> and the <strong>proceedings in an<\/strong> <strong>electronic mode.&nbsp;<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Measures taken by government<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>The Indian Cyber Crime Coordination Centre (I4C)<\/strong> blocked over 1,000 Skype IDs linked to fraud, collaborating with Microsoft, and provided technical support to state\/UT police for investigations.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>The National Cyber Coordination Centre (NCCC) <\/strong>monitors cyber threats and facilitates timely information sharing to enable proactive, preventive, and protective actions by entities.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Chakshu Facility:<\/strong> It is a feature on the <strong>Sanchar Saathi portal<\/strong> that encourages citizens to proactively report suspected fraudulent communications received via call, SMS, or WhatsApp.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/news\/national\/madhya-pradesh\/woman-faces-5-day-digital-arrest-loses-46-lakh-to-fraudsters-in-madhya-pradesh\/article68731708.ece\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>TH<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>CCS clears deals for 31 MQ-9B drones and Nuclear Submarines<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus: GS3\/Defence<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Context<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>The Cabinet Committee on Security (CCS)<\/strong> approved the purchase of 31 MQ-9B High Altitude Long Endurance (HALE) Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) from General Atomics of the U.S. as well <strong>indigenous construction of two Nuclear Attack Submarines (SSN).<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>About<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Nuclear Attack Submarines: <\/strong>India has already indigenously manufactured nuclear-powered ballistic missile submarines (SSBN) and the SSN project will be a follow-on to that.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The submarines are likely to be built at the Ship Building Centre in Visakhapatnam and will involve private sector firms.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The SSNs are a critical requirement for the Navy which give unlimited endurance to perform a variety of tasks.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>The MQ-9Bs,<\/strong> to be assembled in India, will enhance the ISR (intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance) capabilities of India\u2019s armed forces.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>They can also carry out precision strikes on strategic targets in mountains and the maritime domain during long-endurance missions.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-background has-fixed-layout\" style=\"background-color:#ebecf0\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>Cabinet Committee on Security (CCS)<\/strong><br><br>&#8211; <strong>Members:<\/strong> It is chaired by the Prime Minister, the CCS has the ministers for Finance, Defence, Home Affairs and External Affairs as its members.<br>&#8211; <strong>Functions: <\/strong>It is responsible for debates, discussions and appointments of\/ in the national security bodies.<br>a. Major decisions with respect to the significant appointments, issues of national security, defence expenditure of India are taken by CCS.<br>b. Besides dealing with defence related issues, the CCS also brainstorms on issues relating to law and order and internal security, and policy matters concerning foreign affairs on security-related issues.&nbsp;<br>c. It also considers matters relating to atomic energy.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/news\/national\/ccs-clears-deals-for-2-indigenous-nuclear-attack-subs-31-mq-9b-drones-from-us\/article68737991.ece\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>TH<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>MALABAR- 2024<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus :GS 3\/Defence<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Context<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The maritime exercise Malabar 2024, the most comprehensive version of all editions so far, commenced at Visakhapatnam, India.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>About: Exercise Malabar<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The Malabar series of exercises began as an <strong>annual bilateral<\/strong> naval exercise between <strong>India and the United States<\/strong> in 1992.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>However, it has evolved into a key multilateral event aimed at enhancing interoperability, fostering mutual understanding, and addressing shared maritime challenges in the Indian Ocean and Indo-Pacific region.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Japan<\/strong> joined the naval exercises in 2015 and <strong>Australia rejoined<\/strong> the exercise in 2020 after having last participated in 2007.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/pib.gov.in\/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2062316\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">PIB<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The Union Cabinet, chaired by Prime Minister Narendra Modi, approved the development of the National Maritime Heritage Complex (NMHC) at Lothal, Gujarat.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[21],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-30654","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-current-affairs"],"acf":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30654","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=30654"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30654\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":30675,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30654\/revisions\/30675"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=30654"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=30654"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=30654"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}