{"id":30644,"date":"2024-10-10T17:30:49","date_gmt":"2024-10-10T12:00:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/?p=30644"},"modified":"2024-10-10T17:31:12","modified_gmt":"2024-10-10T12:01:12","slug":"the-nobel-prizes-for-2024-in-chemistry","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/current-affairs\/10-10-2024\/the-nobel-prizes-for-2024-in-chemistry","title":{"rendered":"The Nobel Prizes for 2024 in Chemistry"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>Syllabus: GS3\/Science<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Context<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The Nobel Prizes for 2024 in Chemistry was awarded to<strong> David Baker<\/strong> \u201cfor computational protein design\u201d along with <strong>Demis Hassabis and John M. Jumper <\/strong>\u201cfor protein structure prediction\u201d.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>About<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Proteins <\/strong>are large, complex molecules that play many critical roles in the body.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>They are made up of smaller units called <strong>amino acids,<\/strong> which are linked together in long chains.\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>There are<strong> 20 different types of amino acids, <\/strong>and the specific sequence in which they are arranged determines the protein&#8217;s structure and function.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>In 2003, David Baker<\/strong>, a professor at the University of Washington, succeeded in using these blocks to design a new protein that was unlike any other protein.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Since then, his research group has produced one imaginative protein creation after another.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>In 2020, Demis Hassabis and John Jumper<\/strong> developed an <strong>AI model called AlphaFold2,<\/strong> as part of Google&#8217;s DeepMind project, that was able to predict the structure of virtually all the 200 million proteins that researchers have identified.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Significance:<\/strong> It allows us to better understand how life functions, including why some diseases develop, how antibiotic resistance occurs or why some microbes can decompose plastic.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-background has-fixed-layout\" style=\"background-color:#ebecf0\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>About Nobel Prize<\/strong><br><br>&#8211; <strong>Since 1901,<\/strong> the Nobel Prize has been awarded in the fields of <strong>physics, chemistry, physiology or medicine, literature and peace,<\/strong> while a memorial prize in economic sciences was added in<strong> 1968.<\/strong><br>a. In 1895 <strong>Alfred Nobel<\/strong> gave the largest share of his fortune to a series of the Nobel Prizes.<br>&#8211; From Stockholm, the <strong>Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences<\/strong> confers the prizes <strong>for physics, chemistry, and economics,<\/strong> the<strong> Karolinska Institute confers the prize for physiology or medicine,<\/strong> and the <strong>Swedish Academy confers the prize for literature.\u00a0<\/strong><br>&#8211; <strong>The Norwegian Nobel Committee<\/strong> based in Oslo confers the <strong>prize for peace.<\/strong>\u00a0<br>&#8211; The <strong>Nobel Foundation<\/strong> is the l<strong>egal owner and functional administrator<\/strong> of the funds and serves as the joint administrative body of the prize-awarding institutions, but it is not concerned with the prize deliberations or decisions, which rest exclusively with the four institutions.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/indianexpress.com\/article\/explained\/everyday-explainers\/chemistry-nobel-2024-what-winners-did-why-it-matters-9612145\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>IE<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The Nobel Prizes for 2024 in Chemistry was awarded to David Baker \u201cfor computational protein design\u201d along with Demis Hassabis and John M. Jumper \u201cfor protein structure prediction\u201d.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[21],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-30644","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-current-affairs"],"acf":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30644","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=30644"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30644\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":30647,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30644\/revisions\/30647"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=30644"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=30644"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=30644"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}