{"id":30007,"date":"2024-09-25T20:18:16","date_gmt":"2024-09-25T14:48:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/?p=30007"},"modified":"2024-09-25T20:18:17","modified_gmt":"2024-09-25T14:48:17","slug":"indias-first-ever-national-security-semiconductor-fabrication-plant","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/current-affairs\/25-09-2024\/indias-first-ever-national-security-semiconductor-fabrication-plant","title":{"rendered":"India\u2019s First-ever National Security Semiconductor Fabrication Plant"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>Syllabus: GS2\/IR<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Context<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>India has collaborated with the <strong>United States<\/strong> to set up the <strong>first-ever national security semiconductor fabrication plant <\/strong>in the country<strong>.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>About the Semiconductor Fabrication Plant<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Fab<\/strong>, to be known as <strong>\u2018Shakti\u2019<\/strong>, will focus on <strong>three essential pillars<\/strong> for modern war fighting \u2014 advanced sensing, advanced communications and high voltage power electronics,\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>It will <strong>produce chips <\/strong>for use in<strong> military hardware<\/strong> in both the countries as well as in critical telecommunication networks and electronics.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The fab will be manufacturing<strong> infrared, gallium nitride and silicon carbide semiconductors.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The complete project will receive support from the <strong>India Semiconductor Mission <\/strong>and will be a part of the<strong> Strategic Technology Partnership<\/strong> among Bharat Semi, 3rdiTech, and the US Space Force.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Significance:<\/strong> It is the <strong>first time <\/strong>that the U.S. military has agreed to do a partnership for these high-value technologies with India and it is a watershed moment as it is as significant as the civil nuclear deal.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The project will enhance mutually beneficial linkages in research and development in chip manufacturing.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>This will reduce India\u2019s dependence on semiconductor imports, which currently amount to $1 billion annually for national security purposes.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>This effort will address the increasing demands of key sectors like telecommunications, railways, and green energy.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-background\" style=\"background-color:#fff2cc\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>What are Semiconductors?<\/strong><br>&#8211; Semiconductors are <strong>materials with electrical properties<\/strong> that fall between those of conductors (like metals) and insulators (like rubber).\u00a0<br>1. They have a unique ability<strong> to conduct electricity<\/strong> under certain conditions while acting as insulators under others.<br>&#8211; They are sometimes referred to as <strong>integrated circuits (ICs) or microchips<\/strong> made from pure elements, typically silicon or germanium.\u00a0<br>&#8211; In a process called <strong>doping<\/strong>, small amounts of impurities are added to these pure elements, causing large changes in the <strong>conductivity <\/strong>of the material.<br>&#8211; <strong>Applications:<\/strong> Semiconductors are used in a vast range of <strong>electronic devices.<\/strong>\u00a0<br>1. <strong>Transistors<\/strong>, which are fundamental components of modern electronic circuits, rely on semiconductor materials.\u00a0<br>2. They act as <strong>switches or amplifiers<\/strong> in everything from computers to cell phones.\u00a0<br>3. Semiconductors are also used in <strong>solar cells, LEDs, and integrated circuits.<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Overview of India and US Bilateral Relations<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Since India\u2019s independence, ties with the United States have weathered the <strong>Cold War\u2013era<\/strong> distrust and <strong>estrangement over India\u2019s nuclear program.\u00a0<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Relations have<strong> warmed in recent years<\/strong> and cooperation has strengthened across a range of economic and political areas.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Bilateral Trade:<\/strong> The bilateral trade between the two countries has <strong>risen by 72 percent<\/strong> between 2017-18 and 2022-23.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The US accounted fo<strong>r 18 percent of the gross FDI inflows into India <\/strong>during 2021-22, ranking second behind Singapore.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Defense and Security:<\/strong> India and the US have signed a <strong>troika of \u201cfoundational pacts\u201d<\/strong> for deep military cooperation, beginning<strong> with the<\/strong> Logistics Exchange Memorandum of Agreement (LEMOA) in 2016, followed by the <strong>Communications Compatibility and Security Agreement (COMCASA)<\/strong> after the first 2+2 dialogue in 2018, and then the<strong> Basic Exchange and Cooperation Agreement (BECA) in 2020.<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>In 2016, the<strong> <\/strong>United States elevated India to a <strong>major defense partner,<\/strong> a status no other country holds.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Space: Artemis Accords<\/strong> signed by India established a common vision for the future of space exploration for the benefit of all humankind.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The United States and India cooperate through the bilateral Civil Space Joint Working Group.\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Multilateral Cooperation: <\/strong>India and the United States cooperate closely in multilateral organizations and fora, including the United Nations, G20, Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN)-related fora, International Monetary Fund, World Bank, and World Trade Organization.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Together with Australia and Japan, the United States and India convene as the Quad, a diplomatic network, to promote a free and open Indo-Pacific.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Nuclear Cooperation: Civil Nuclear Deal was signed in 2005,<\/strong> under the agreement, India agrees to separate its civil and military nuclear facilities and place all its civil resources under International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) safeguards.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>In exchange, the United States agrees to work toward full civil nuclear cooperation with India.\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/news\/national\/india-to-get-first-national-security-semiconductor-fabrication-plant-as-part-of-collaboration-with-us\/article68672914.ece\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>TH<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>India has collaborated with the United States to set up the first-ever national security semiconductor fabrication plant in the country.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[21],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-30007","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-current-affairs"],"acf":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30007","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=30007"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30007\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":30008,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30007\/revisions\/30008"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=30007"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=30007"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=30007"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}