{"id":29256,"date":"2024-09-10T18:49:16","date_gmt":"2024-09-10T13:19:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/?p=29256"},"modified":"2024-09-10T18:49:18","modified_gmt":"2024-09-10T13:19:18","slug":"india-and-uae-mou-for-nuclear-cooperation","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/current-affairs\/10-09-2024\/india-and-uae-mou-for-nuclear-cooperation","title":{"rendered":"India and UAE MoU for Nuclear Cooperation"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>Syllabus: GS2\/IR<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Context<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>India and the United Arab Emirates (UAE) signed a <strong>Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) for civil nuclear cooperation.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>About<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>During the 2015 visit of Prime Minister Narendra Modi to the UAE, both countries had agreed to cooperate in <strong>\u201cpeaceful use of nuclear energy\u201d<\/strong>, including in areas of \u201csafety, health, agriculture, and science and technology.\u201d\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The agreement is part of the UAE\u2019s policy of expanding investments into the nuclear energy sector.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>LNG Supply:<\/strong> Apart from the nuclear cooperation-related MoU, the two sides signed an MoU for long-term LNG supply between Abu Dhabi National Oil Company (ADNOC) and Indian Oil Corporation Limited.\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>India\u2019s Civil Nuclear Cooperation<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Civil nuclear cooperation involves collaboration between countries or organizations to <strong>develop and use nuclear technology for peaceful purposes.<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>It can encompass a variety of activities, including: <\/strong>Energy Production, Regulatory and Safety Standards, Nuclear Fuel Supply, and Non-Proliferation Efforts.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>India&#8217;s civil nuclear program is aimed at harnessing nuclear energy for peaceful purposes, primarily <strong>electricity generation, and other applications.\u00a0<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>India has Nuclear cooperation with<strong> France, Russia, U.S.A and Japan.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Related Agreements<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Indo-U.S. Nuclear Deal (2005):<\/strong> The deal was instrumental in improving India\u2019s access to global nuclear markets.\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Civil Nuclear Cooperation Agreement with the U.S. (2008):<\/strong> It allowed India access to civilian nuclear technology and fuel from the international market.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>This agreement required India to separate its civilian and military nuclear facilities, with the civilian facilities subject to safeguards by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Key Reactors and Projects:<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Major nuclear power plants in India include those located in T<strong>arapur, Kudankulam, and Rajasthan.\u00a0<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>These facilities play a significant role in India\u2019s nuclear energy production.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Fast Breeder Reactors: <\/strong>India is developing advanced nuclear reactors, such as Fast Breeder Reactors (FBRs), which use plutonium to generate more fuel than they consume.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Thorium-Based Reactors:<\/strong> India has a long-term vision of utilizing its abundant thorium resources in nuclear reactors.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The country is working on thorium-based reactors, including the Advanced Heavy Water Reactor (AHWR), as part of its three-stage nuclear program.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-background\" style=\"background-color:#fff2cc\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>India\u2019s Nuclear Weapon Program<\/strong><br>&#8211; <strong>Smiling Buddha:<\/strong> In 1974, India conducted its first nuclear test code-named &#8220;Smiling Buddha, and since then, it has developed a nuclear triad consisting of land-based, sea-based, and air based delivery systems.\u00a0<br>&#8211; <strong>Operation Shakti: <\/strong>In 1998, India conducted a series of nuclear tests at Pokhran, codenamed &#8220;Operation Shakti.&#8221;<br> 1. These tests included both fission and fusion devices and marked India&#8217;s formal entry into the nuclear weapons club.<br>&#8211; <strong>International Criticism:<\/strong> The international community has criticised India&#8217;s nuclear weapons programme, particularly the United States and its allies.\u00a0<br>&#8211; <strong>No First Use:<\/strong> India has a<strong> &#8220;no first use&#8221; policy, <\/strong>meaning it pledges not to use nuclear weapons first in a conflict but reserves the right to retaliate if attacked with nuclear weapons.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Brief overview of the UAE and India relations\u00a0<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Political : <\/strong>India and the United Arab Emirates (UAE) established diplomatic relations in 1972.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Multilateral Cooperation: <\/strong>India and the UAE are currently part of several plurilateral platforms such as I2U2 (India-Israel-UAE-USA) and UFI (UAE-France-India) Trilateral, etc. UAE was also invited as a Guest Country to the G-20 Summit<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Economic &amp; Commercial:<\/strong> India UAE trade, valued at US$ 180 million per annum in the 1970s, is today US$ 84.84 billion making UAE,<strong> India\u2019s third largest trading partner<\/strong> for the year 2021-22 after China and US.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Moreover, UAE is the second largest export destination of India (after the US) with an amount of nearly US$ 31.61 billion for the year 2022-23.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (CEPA) was signed in 2022 as a major step in deepening trade relations.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Defence cooperation:<\/strong> It\u00a0 is steered through a Joint Defence Cooperation Committee (JDCC) at the Ministry level, with the signing of Agreement on Defence Cooperation in 2003, which came into effect in 2004.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Space Cooperation: <\/strong>\u00a0Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) and the UAE Space Agency signed an MoU regarding cooperation in the exploration and use of outer space for peaceful purposes in 2016.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Indian Community:<\/strong> Indian expatriate community of approximately 3.5 million is the largest ethnic community in UAE constituting roughly about 35 percent of the country\u2019s population.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/news\/national\/india-uae-sign-civil-nuclear-energy-agreement\/article68622952.ece\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>TH<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>India and the United Arab Emirates (UAE) signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) for civil nuclear cooperation.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[21],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-29256","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-current-affairs"],"acf":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29256","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=29256"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29256\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":29257,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29256\/revisions\/29257"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=29256"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=29256"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=29256"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}