{"id":28577,"date":"2024-08-30T19:06:32","date_gmt":"2024-08-30T13:36:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/?p=28577"},"modified":"2024-09-05T15:29:49","modified_gmt":"2024-09-05T09:59:49","slug":"ins-arighaat-and-nuclear-policy-of-inidia","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/current-affairs\/30-08-2024\/ins-arighaat-and-nuclear-policy-of-inidia","title":{"rendered":"INS Arighaat and Nuclear Policy of India"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Syllabus :GS 3\/Science and Tech <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In News<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
    \n
  • India\u2019s second nuclear-powered ballistic missile submarine, the INS Arighaat, was commissioned into service at Visakhapatnam<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

    About INS Arighaat<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
      \n
    • It features several technological upgrades compared to its predecessor, INS Arihant<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • Both submarines share the same reactor and dimensions but Arighaat incorporates advanced design and manufacturing technology.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • Construction and Indigenization<\/strong>: The submarine involved advanced technology, special materials, and skilled workmanship.\n
        \n
      • It includes indigenous systems and equipment developed by Indian scientists and industry.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • Importance : <\/strong>INS Arighaat enhances India\u2019s nuclear triad,<\/strong> which includes land-based missiles, aircraft, and nuclear-powered submarines (SSBNs) with ballistic missiles.\n
          \n
        • It strengthens India\u2019s nuclear deterrence and contributes to maintaining regional strategic balance.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
          INS Arihant<\/strong>
          – INS Arihant was the first of its kind, commissioned in 2016 after its launch in 2009.
          – INS Arihant is armed with a K-15 SLBM (750 km range) and a K-4 SLBM (3,500 km range) is under development.
          – The K-4 SLBM will enhance India\u2019s undersea nuclear deterrence.
          1.The nuclear triad completion was announced in November 2018.
          – A third submarine in the class is under construction, expected to be larger and more capable.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

          Nuclear Doctrine:<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
            \n
          • Historical Context: In <\/strong>1962 India\u2019s nuclear weapons development began after the 1962 war with China and China\u2019s 1964 nuclear test.\n
              \n
            • In 1974 India conducted its first nuclear test, Pokhran-I, termed as a \u201cpeaceful nuclear explosion.\u201d<\/li>\n\n\n\n
            • In 1998  India conducted Pokhran-II tests, which included fission and thermonuclear devices, demonstrating capability to integrate nuclear warheads with its missile program.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n
            • Features <\/strong>\n
                \n
              • Credible Minimum Deterrence<\/strong>: India aims to maintain a credible minimum deterrence.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
              • No First Use (NFU) Policy<\/strong>: Nuclear weapons will only be used in retaliation against a nuclear attack on Indian territory or forces.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
              • Massive Retaliation:<\/strong> Nuclear retaliation to a first strike will be massive and designed to inflict unacceptable damage.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
              • Authorization<\/strong>: Nuclear retaliatory attacks can only be authorized by the civilian political leadership through the Nuclear Command Authority (NCA).<\/li>\n\n\n\n
              • Non-Use Against Non-Nuclear States<\/strong>: India will not use nuclear weapons against non-nuclear weapon states.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
              • Response to Biological\/Chemical Attacks<\/strong>: India retains the option of nuclear retaliation in the event of a major biological or chemical attack.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
              • Export Controls and Treaties: <\/strong>Continued strict controls on nuclear and missile-related material exports, participation in the Fissile Material Cutoff Treaty negotiations, and adherence to the moratorium on nuclear tests.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
              • Commitment to Disarmament<\/strong>: Ongoing commitment to global, verifiable, and non-discriminatory nuclear disarmament.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

                Challenges and Issues<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
                  \n
                • India still lags behind bigger nuclear powers, with the US, Russia, and China possessing more advanced nuclear subs. <\/li>\n\n\n\n
                • China\u2019s expanding fleet of nuclear-powered submarines and Pakistan\u2019s potential development of sea-based nuclear deterrence pose challenges to India.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                • Some argue India\u2019s “No First Use” (NFU) policy and emphasis on a small arsenal may undermine credible deterrence.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                • Critics believe the doctrine\u2019s focus on \u201cminimum deterrence\u201d and \u201cmassive retaliation\u201d may not be sufficient against evolving threats.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

                  Suggestion  and Way Forward <\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
                    \n
                  • China\u2019s advanced Anti-Submarine Warfare (ASW) capabilities and increased submarine deployments in the Indian Ocean highlight the need for India\u2019s robust deterrence.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                  • India\u2019s nuclear capabilities should be assessed relative to China and Pakistan, both of which have advanced arsenals.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                  • The commissioning of INS Arighaat is crucial for maintaining a credibl<\/strong>e second-strike capability<\/strong> amid growing nuclear threats from China and Pakistan.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                  • To ensure continuous at-sea deterrence, India should aim to expand its SSBN fleet, with a suggested goal of at least six SSBNs.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

                    Source:TH<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                    <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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