{"id":27276,"date":"2024-08-08T17:33:35","date_gmt":"2024-08-08T12:03:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/?p=27276"},"modified":"2024-08-08T18:08:49","modified_gmt":"2024-08-08T12:38:49","slug":"on-militancy-in-jammu-and-kashmir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/editorial-analysis\/08-08-2024\/on-militancy-in-jammu-and-kashmir","title":{"rendered":"On Militancy in Jammu and Kashmir"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>Syllabus: GS 3\/Internal Security&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-0dab4a35479cb7a88ac0f778de143bb9\" style=\"color:#015aa7\"><strong>In Context<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Recently,&nbsp; there has been a sharp rise in militant attacks in Jammu and Kashmir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-072f833ef614467012dc92355c1f4c26\" style=\"color:#015aa7\"><strong>Present scenario&nbsp;<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The Jammu region has seen a rise in militant attacks over the past three years, notably in the <strong>Chenab Valley and areas south of the Pir Panjal.&nbsp;<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>&nbsp;The region was a hotbed of insurgency in the late 1990s and early 2000s but was controlled by Operation Sarp Vinash in 2003 with local support.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Data:&nbsp;<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Jammu Region: <\/strong>31 incidents Since 2021,, resulting in 47 security forces and 19 civilians killed, and 48 terrorists killed.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>On July 8, 2024 terrorists ambushed an Army convoy in Badnota village, killing five Indian Army personnel.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>June 2023:<\/strong> Attack on pilgrims in Reasi, resulting in 10 deaths.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Kashmir Valley:<\/strong> 263 incidents Since 2021,, resulting in 68 security forces and 75 civilians killed, and 417 terrorists killed.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-5481264eb87d688487ecf3054dc7c5bf\" style=\"color:#015aa7\"><strong>Reasons for Increased Militancy<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Troop Redeployment:<\/strong> The counter-terrorism efforts have been weakened due to the re-deployment of troops to the <strong>Line of Actual Control (LAC) following the Galwan incident in June 2020.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Militant Activity: <\/strong>Estimates suggest 20-25 militants have infiltrated from Pakistan, operating in specific regions such as Poonch-Rajouri and Kathua-Doda.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Challenges include difficult terrain and poor connectivity.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Local Support&nbsp; :<\/strong>A shift towards using local militants to give a more home-grown face to the insurgency.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Emergence of new terror group<\/strong>s claiming responsibility for attacks.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Increased use of modern technology <\/strong>by terrorists.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Gap in local intelligence.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-4a37ed499c6e30ba88c0bf102a2473a4\" style=\"color:#015aa7\"><strong>Challenges and Impacts&nbsp;<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Instability: <\/strong>The region has seen a rise in militant activities, with various groups operating in the area.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>This has led to ongoing violence and instability.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Casualties <\/strong>: <strong>Recurring ambushes<\/strong> have resulted in unacceptable casualties for the Indian Army.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Terrorist attacks often result in civilian casualties, either directly through attacks or indirectly through crossfire or military operations.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Curfews: <\/strong>There is a heavy military presence in Kashmir, which can lead to frequent curfews, roadblocks, and heightened tension among the local population.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Displacement<\/strong>: Ongoing violence and instability have led to the displacement of families and individuals, creating a refugee crisis and disrupting lives.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Psychological<\/strong>: The constant threat of violence and the experience of attacks have significant psychological effects on the population, including trauma, anxiety, and depression.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Disrupted Economy:<\/strong> Frequent attacks and instability disrupt economic activities, including trade, tourism, and local businesses.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The economic downturn exacerbates poverty and unemployment.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Terrorist activities often result in the destruction of infrastructure<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Terrorist attacks can deepen <strong>social and ethnic divisions<\/strong>, creating mistrust and animosity among different communities within the region.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-faafee5ef9a56399e1256c38a222416f\" style=\"color:#015aa7\"><strong>Steps of India to tackle militancy in Jammu and Kashmir&nbsp;<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Counter-Terrorism Operations: <\/strong>The Indian Army and paramilitary forces conduct regular operations to neutralize militants and disrupt their activities.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>To address the security vacuum, around 3,000 Army troops and 500 Special Forces have been deployed to Jammu.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Assam Rifles troops<\/strong> are being inducted into Jammu to enhance counter-terror operations, replacing CRPF battalions in Manipur.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Assam Rifles have previously been successful in Jammu and Kashmir, with Operation Dudhi in 1991 being a notable example of successful counter-terrorism efforts<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Reorganisation<\/strong>: The abrogation of Article 370 in August 2019 led to the reorganization of Jammu and Kashmir into two Union Territories (Jammu &amp; Kashmir and Ladakh), aimed at better administration and integration.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A<strong> New Central Sector Scheme<\/strong> has been notified on 19\/02\/2021 for the Industrial Development of the UT of J&amp;K,&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Public Safety Act (PSA): <\/strong>Aimed at detaining individuals involved in militancy or anti-national activities.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act (UAPA): <\/strong>Strengthening legal frameworks to deal with terrorism and other unlawful activities.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Government is promoting education and awareness to counter radical ideologies and provide alternative narratives.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Jammu and Indian Institute of Management (IIM) Jammu have been made functional.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-bb65be90b9abdccdafed38ff0500a5ea\" style=\"color:#015aa7\"><strong>Suggestions and Way Forward&nbsp;<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Strengthen Intelligence Networks:<\/strong> Refurbish intelligence networks and integrate the Special Operations Group (SOG) with Rashtriya Rifles (RR) to leverage their strengths.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Additional troops should be deployed in a way that integrates them with existing forces and allows them adequate time to adapt and establish control, rather than focusing on immediate numerical increases.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Foster Community Relations<\/strong>: Establish and reiterate a sound relationship with the local populace to garner support for counter-terrorism efforts.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Efforts to rebuild trust with local communities and revive Village Defence Guards (VDGs) are ongoing.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Border Security<\/strong>: Strengthening the security along the Line of Control (LoC) to prevent infiltration from across the border. <strong>Smart fencing<\/strong>&nbsp; will be set up across the India-Pakistan borders to tackle the infiltration across borders.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Investments in infrastructure, s<\/strong>uch as roads, schools, and hospitals, to improve living conditions and provide employment opportunities.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Efforts to rehabilitate former militants and their families, including providing education, employment, and financial assistance.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-background has-fixed-layout\" style=\"background-color:#fff2cc\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>Mains Practise Question<\/strong><br><strong>&nbsp;[Q]<\/strong> What are the key causes behind the evolving trends in militancy in Jammu and Kashmir, and what impact have these trends had on the region&#8217;s stability?<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source:TH&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button is-style-round\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Daily-Editorial-Analysis-8-08-2024.pdf\">Download PDF<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Recently,\u00a0 there has been a sharp rise in militant attacks in Jammu and Kashmir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[22],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-27276","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-editorial-analysis"],"acf":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27276","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=27276"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27276\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":27280,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27276\/revisions\/27280"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=27276"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=27276"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=27276"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}