{"id":23860,"date":"2024-04-16T18:14:43","date_gmt":"2024-04-16T12:44:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/?p=23860"},"modified":"2024-04-17T10:29:02","modified_gmt":"2024-04-17T04:59:02","slug":"daily-current-affairs-16-04-2024","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/current-affairs\/16-04-2024\/daily-current-affairs-16-04-2024","title":{"rendered":"Daily Current Affairs 16-04-2024"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-b1f7ab4ecae6d11f60fae61441c5995a\" style=\"color:#015aa7\"><strong>India to Get above-normal Monsoon Rainfall: IMD<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus: GS1\/Geophysical Phenomena; GS3\/Agricultural Resources<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-cb9dfec66108ce9f742f389a74ffcdb1\" style=\"color:#ff6a00\"><strong>Context<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Recently, India Meteorological Department (IMD) has forecast \u2018above normal\u2019 rains in the country after a gap of eight years.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-49ae200877e00981d12ae8ed66481fb0\" style=\"color:#ff6a00\"><strong>About the Monsoon Forecast:<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The IMD has predicted that the country will receive <strong>106% of the long-term average rainfall (LPA)<\/strong> this season, with a <strong>model error of approximately 5%<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The LPA for the period between June and September is 87 centimetres (870 mm), and is calculated as the average rainfall between 1971-2020.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>By this calculation, it means that there would be 92.2 cm of rainfall across India.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-background\" style=\"background-color:#fff2cc\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>About IMD<\/strong><br><br>&#8211; It is an agency of the <strong>Ministry of Earth Sciences<\/strong>.<br>&#8211; It is the principal agency responsible for meteorological observations, weather forecasting and seismology.<br>&#8211; It is also one of the <strong>six Regional Specialised Meteorological Centres<\/strong> of the <strong>World Meteorological Organisation (WMO)<\/strong>.<br>&#8211; It releases the long range forecast in two stages in April and June.<br><br><strong>IMD Categorisation Method of Monsoon:<\/strong><br><br>&#8211; <strong>Long Period Average (LPA):<\/strong>&nbsp; LPA of rainfall is the rainfall recorded over a particular region for a given interval (like month or season) averaged over a long period like 30 years, 50-years etc.<br>a. It acts as a benchmark while forecasting the quantitative rainfall for that region for a specific month or season.<br><br><strong>Categories of Rainfall<\/strong><br><br>&#8211; Large Excess: \u226560% of&nbsp; LPA.<br>&#8211; Excess: 20% to 59% of LPA.<br>&#8211; Normal:&nbsp; -19% to +19% of LPA.<br>&#8211; Deficient: -59% to -20% of LPA.<br>&#8211; Large Deficient:&nbsp; &#8211; 99% to -60% LPA.<br><br><strong>Predicting the Monsoon<\/strong><br><br>&#8211; Monsoon season is from June to September in India as a whole, the long period average (LPA) is 88 cm and standard deviation is 9 cm (about 10% of mean value).<br>&#8211; Therefore, when the rainfall averaged over the country as a whole is within \u00b110% from its LPA or 90% to 110% of LPA, the rainfall is said to be<strong><em> \u2018normal\u2019<\/em><\/strong> and when the rainfall is &lt;90% of LPA it is considered to be <strong><em>\u2018below normal\u2019<\/em><\/strong> and when it is &gt;110% of LPA, the rainfall is said to be <strong><em>\u2018above normal\u2019<\/em><\/strong>.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-27d846993696a0c0b12e786f89e4965f\" style=\"color:#ff6a00\"><strong>Factors Influencing the Forecast<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Retreat of El Nino, and Favourable La Nina Conditions:<\/strong> El Nino conditions, currently prevailing over the equatorial Pacific region and generally responsible for warmer temperatures in many places around the world including in India, were likely to weaken to neutral <strong>El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) <\/strong>conditions during the early part of the monsoon season.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The warming phase of the ENSO cycle is known as El Nino and its cooling phase as La Nina.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>La Nina<\/strong> conditions are likely to develop during the second half of monsoon season.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>It is characterised by the unusual cooling of the central and east-central equatorial Pacific Ocean.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Other key factors influencing the Indian monsoon are <em>Positive Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD), and Reduced Snow Cover in the Northern Hemisphere<\/em>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-background\" style=\"background-color:#fff2cc\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>Indian Monsoon<\/strong><br><br>&#8211; The term \u2018monsoon\u2019 is derived from the <strong>Arabic word <em>\u2018mausim\u2019<\/em><\/strong>, which means season. Monsoons are characterised by a <strong>seasonal reversal of wind direction.<\/strong><br><br><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"214\" height=\"402\" src=\"https:\/\/lh7-us.googleusercontent.com\/n2CE-A7GPucaYNnfoIdSWfztD5_qIQwb9qqaPhiB2kitSH9SnLv5OMDTiUQCFlgGETuDvf19d9Jx5J1jkOHcRUBELkqKxd0q-IvPdWRS8XGsRpchUB5eEoKxVlL-345sEpaf3jYAEwPnkQnP0-i0QEg\"><br>&#8211; The onset and retreat of the monsoon have profound implications for the country\u2019s climate, agriculture, and economy.<br><br><strong>Monsoon Onset (Arrival):<\/strong><br><br>&#8211; The winds blow from the<strong> South-West<\/strong> during the summer months (June to September).<br>&#8211; It typically arrives in the southern state of Kerala around the first week of June and gradually progresses northwards, covering the entire country by mid-July.<br>&#8211; The<strong> IMD <\/strong>officially declares the onset of the monsoon <em>based on specific criteria, including rainfall, wind field, and Outgoing Longwave Radiation (OLR) values<\/em>.<br><br><strong>Monsoon Progress:<\/strong><br><br>&#8211; After its onset over Kerala, the monsoon progresses northwards and covers the entire country in about a month and a half.<br>&#8211; The progress of the monsoon is closely monitored as it has significant implications for agriculture, particularly the <strong>sowing of kharif (monsoon) crops<\/strong>.<br><br><strong>Monsoon Retreat (Withdrawal):<\/strong><br><br>&#8211; It marks the transition from the rainy season to the dry winter season.<br>&#8211; The monsoon <strong>begins to retreat from the northwestern states<\/strong> of India around early September and withdraws completely from the country by early October.<br>&#8211; The retreat of the monsoon is not as abrupt as its onset.<br>a. It\u2019s a more gradual process, with the monsoon maintaining its presence over the southern and northeastern parts of the country well into October.<br><br><strong>Impact on Agriculture and Economy<\/strong><br><br>&#8211; The Indian summer monsoon plays a crucial role in India\u2019s agriculture and affects the livelihood of a fifth of the world\u2019s population.<br>&#8211; About 80% <em>(about 70% from south &#8211; west branch of monsoon)<\/em> of the annual precipitation over India occurs during the summer period, supplying water to crops during the prime agricultural season.<br>a. The southwest monsoon Agriculture accounts for about 14% of the country\u2019s GDP.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/news\/national\/india-likely-to-experience-above-normal-rainfall-this-monsoon-imd\/article68067439.ece\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Source: TH<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-3e811d221aff8464223ebb5e6d5fe38b\" style=\"color:#015aa7\"><strong>Gas Based Power Generation in India<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus: GS3\/Indian Economy<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-cb9dfec66108ce9f742f389a74ffcdb1\" style=\"color:#ff6a00\"><strong>Context<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The Centre has directed <strong>all gas-based power generating stations<\/strong> to operationalise their plants from May 1 to June 30 in view of <strong>rise in electricity demand<\/strong> due to an early onset of the heat wave this summer.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-2831727e06e8de4679e9c45c630afa0a\" style=\"color:#ff6a00\"><strong>India\u2019s Gas Based Energy Sector<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The <strong>Central Electricity Authority<\/strong> under the Ministry of Power, <strong>monitors 62 gas based power stations,<\/strong> with a total capacity of 23,845 MW using gas as primary fuel.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>India&#8217;s natural gas demand<\/strong> is expected to rise by<strong> 6 percent in 2024<\/strong> with a rise in consumption in fertiliser units, power generation and industrial sectors, according to the International Energy Agency (IEA).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>India is the <strong>4th largest importer of liquefied natural gas (LNG).<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Significance: <\/strong>Gas-based power plants offer several advantages, including<strong> lower emissions and quicker ramp-up times compared to coal-based plants.&nbsp;<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>However, the share of gas-based power generation in India&#8217;s total power mix remains <strong>relatively small compared to coal and renewable energy sources.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh7-us.googleusercontent.com\/1K8sn2_g1yyjC_6NZ1m0qLdBEgSuKY0f8NLeMzVisgvsA-JFVcoYu6t1ffrrmH_tnEEKOUh8eL5idA_UqfjZNKLylfDc8FTa2TV2Xtav0hBgtrECNruMdbJz3qwgKCYQVUOjt4jHI16iLXYvXuULEHI\" alt=\"Gas Based Power Generation in India\" style=\"width:563px;height:auto\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-31c676b91fc32183a6e2ef29d71f1cde\" style=\"color:#ff6a00\"><strong>Need for the Gas Based Power Generation in India<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Cleaner Energy Source: <\/strong>Gas-based power generation emits fewer pollutants compared to coal-based power plants, making it a cleaner option, especially in urban areas where air quality is a significant concern.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Flexibility and Efficiency:<\/strong> Gas-based power plants are highly efficient and offer greater operational flexibility compared to coal-based plants.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Reduced Dependence on Coal: <\/strong>India heavily relies on coal for electricity generation, but diversifying the energy mix with gas can reduce this dependence, enhancing energy security and reducing vulnerability to supply disruptions.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Rapid Deployment: <\/strong>Gas-based power plants can be constructed relatively quickly compared to large-scale coal or nuclear plants.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>This rapid deployment capability makes them a viable option for meeting short-term increases in electricity demand.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-6d60a6793a18c185cd6140274a703df5\" style=\"color:#ff6a00\"><strong>Challenges Faced by the Sector<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Import of Natural Gas: <\/strong>India has <strong>limited domestic natural gas reserves<\/strong>, and the majority of its natural gas consumption is met through imports.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Despite efforts to explore and exploit domestic reserves, India still relies heavily on <strong>imported natural gas, primarily from countries like Qatar, Australia, and the United States.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Infrastructure Constraints: <\/strong>The development of infrastructure, including pipelines, LNG terminals, and city gas distribution networks, is essential for the efficient transportation and distribution of natural gas.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>However, the expansion of infrastructure in India has been hampered by factors such as <strong>land acquisition issues, regulatory hurdles, and funding constraints.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Competitive Pricing:<\/strong> Natural gas competes with other energy sources such as coal, renewable energy, and imported liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) in India.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The pricing of natural gas relative to these competing fuels influence its attractiveness for various applications, including power generation, industrial use, and transportation.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Environmental Concerns: <\/strong>While natural gas is considered a cleaner alternative to coal and oil, its <strong>extraction, transportation, and combustion still produce greenhouse gas emissions.&nbsp;<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Addressing environmental concerns related to methane leakage, air pollution, and carbon emissions is crucial for the sustainable development of the gas-based energy sector.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-47b8c95dc05cfc502bf956e473c7d458\" style=\"color:#ff6a00\"><strong>Government Initiatives to Increase Gas Based Energy<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Infrastructure Development: <\/strong>A total of 23,391 km of the natural gas pipeline is operational and about 4,125 km of the gas pipeline is under construction as of Feb 2024.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Target to increase the pipeline coverage by ~54% to 34,500 km by 2024-25 and to <strong>connect all the states with the trunk natural gas pipeline network by 2027.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Pradhan Mantri Urja Ganga (PMUG):<\/strong> Launched in <strong>2016<\/strong>, PMUG aims to develop the <strong>natural gas pipeline infrastructure in eastern India,<\/strong> connecting gas sources and major demand centers.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The project involves the construction of a pipeline connecting<strong> Uttar Pradesh to West Bengal, passing through Bihar, Jharkhand, and Odisha.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>City Gas Distribution (CGD) Network Expansion:<\/strong> The government has been promoting the expansion of CGD networks across India to increase access to piped natural gas (PNG) for households, industries, and commercial establishments.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Under the CGD bidding rounds, licenses are awarded to entities for developing CGD networks in geographical areas identified by the Petroleum and Natural Gas Regulatory Board (PNGRB).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Natural Gas Marketing Reforms:<\/strong> The government has introduced reforms in the marketing of natural gas to enhance transparency, promote competition, and attract investment in the sector.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Gas Price Rationalization:<\/strong> Reforms such as the New Domestic Gas Pricing Guidelines (2014) and the introduction of the Hydrocarbon Exploration and Licensing Policy (HELP) have aimed to provide <strong>pricing incentives for domestic gas producers while balancing the interests of consumers.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Natural Gas Infrastructure Development Fund (NGIDF): <\/strong>The government has set up the NGIDF to provide financial support for the development of natural gas infrastructure in India.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Promotion of LNG Imports and Terminals: <\/strong>The government has encouraged investment in LNG import terminals to diversify gas supply sources and enhance energy security.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: IE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-0f657520440c42df3185d665deea2a33\" style=\"color:#015aa7\"><strong>Tamil Nadu\u2019s Decentralised Industrialisation Model<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus: GS3\/Economy<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-cb9dfec66108ce9f742f389a74ffcdb1\" style=\"color:#ff6a00\"><strong>Context<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Tamil Nadu is India\u2019s No.1 state in terms of<strong> economic complexity,<\/strong> measured by the <strong>diversity of its gross domestic product (GDP) and employment profile.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-5f077d3f6cdce2eb40c8488bd933c5c6\" style=\"color:#ff6a00\"><strong>About<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>About <strong>45.3% of TN\u2019s<\/strong> farm Gross Value Added (GVA) comes from the<strong> livestock subsector<\/strong>, the highest for any state and way above the 30.2% all-India average.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>TN is home to<strong> India\u2019s largest private dairy company <\/strong>(Hatsun Agro Product), broiler enterprise (Suguna Foods), egg processor (SKM Group) and also \u201cegg capital\u201d (Namakkal).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-6742311ebb8e3629dbc1ce13bb72e7a6\" style=\"color:#ff6a00\"><strong>Features of the TN\u2019s Industrialisation Model<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Development of Clusters:<\/strong> TN\u2019s economic transformation has been brought about not by so-called Big Capital as much as <strong>medium-scale businesses <\/strong>with turnover range from <strong>Rs 100 crore to Rs 5,000 crore.<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Its industrialisation has also been <strong>more spread out and decentralised,<\/strong> via the development of clusters. <strong>Many cluster towns are hubs for multiple industries.&nbsp;<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Employment Generation:<\/strong> Most of these clusters have come up in <strong>small urban\/peri-urban centres, <\/strong>providing employment to people from surrounding villages who may otherwise have migrated to big cities for work.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>They have, moreover, created diversification options outside of agriculture, <strong>reducing the proportion of TN\u2019s workforce dependent on farming.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Entrepreneurship: <\/strong>TN\u2019s early industrialists were mainly Nattukottai Chettiars and Brahmins.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The disruptions from World War II and the Burmese nationalist movement led many to redirect their investments back home.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The remarkable thing about TN\u2019s entrepreneurial culture is its <strong>percolation among diverse communities and in a range of industries.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The drivers of TN\u2019s more recent decentralised industrialisation have been<strong> entrepreneurs from more ordinary peasant stock and provincial mercantile castes.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-3af95778281045205d67cc0156a49698\" style=\"color:#ff6a00\"><strong>Conclusion<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The entrepreneurship from below combined with its high social progress indices from public health and education investments explains<strong> Tamil Nadu\u2019s relative success in achieving industrialisation and diversification beyond agriculture.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/indianexpress.com\/article\/explained\/explained-economics\/explained-tamil-nadus-decentralised-industrialisation-model-9272702\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>IE<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-5cb076a068b7e485af44c15ec2428934\" style=\"color:#015aa7\"><strong>Space Tourism<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus: GS3\/Space<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-cb9dfec66108ce9f742f389a74ffcdb1\" style=\"color:#ff6a00\"><strong>Context<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Gopi Thotakura, an Indian entrepreneur and aviator, is set to make history as the first Indian space tourist and will join five other crew members on the NS-25 mission of Blue Origin.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-3c45b64db889d1b239f41d7f056adf14\" style=\"color:#ff6a00\"><strong>About Space Tourism<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Space tourism is essentially a section of the aviation sector which seeks to provide tourists with the opportunity to become astronauts and experience space travel for recreational, leisure, or business purposes.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>If the mission is successful, <strong>Thotakura would be the second Indian to go into space<\/strong>.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The <strong>first one<\/strong> was Wing Commander <strong>Rakesh Sharma<\/strong>, who flew to the<strong> Salyut 7 Space Station on a Soviet spacecraft in 1984<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-81571272b26befb61a3f2b2f6ff0a759\" style=\"color:#ff6a00\"><strong>Types<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Sub Orbital: <\/strong>Sub-orbital spacecraft take passengers <strong>just beyond the K\u00e1rm\u00e1n line<\/strong> \u2014 nearly 100 kilometres from earth and considered to be the <strong>boundary between Earth\u2019s atmosphere and outer space<\/strong>.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The passengers get to spend a few minutes in outer space and then come back to Earth.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Orbital: <\/strong>Orbital tourism, on the other hand, entails remaining in space for at least one full orbit.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>This is a major focus of governmental agencies and private space companies, all of which have the long-term goal to inhabit the moon and Mars.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-ef2d1152f2d10086cce57fbfb3017896\" style=\"color:#ff6a00\"><strong>Rise of Space Tourism<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>According to media reports, in 2023, the space tourism market was valued at $848.28 million.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>It is expected to grow to $27,861.99 million by 2032.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>However, there are several challenges, such as high cost, and environmental concerns, that may limit the industry\u2019s growth.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-b42734287f7ca6a98d5b1443877d4e16\" style=\"color:#ff6a00\"><strong>Major Players in Space Tourism<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>There are now <strong>six major space companies<\/strong> that are arranging or planning to arrange touristic flights to space: <em>Virgin Galactic, Blue Origin, SpaceX, Boeing, Axiom Space, and Space Perspective<\/em>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>While the first two (<em>Virgin Galactic, Blue Origin<\/em>) are focused on suborbital flights, Axiom and Boeing are working on orbital missions.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>SpaceX<\/strong>, in its turn, is prioritising <strong>lunar tourism<\/strong> in the future.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-5215f6e34ae6e1351af17da2722cb5d2\" style=\"color:#ff6a00\"><strong>Challenges Associated with Space Tourism<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>High Costs:<\/strong> Currently, space tourism is an expensive venture, accessible only to the wealthier sections of society.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>A passenger generally has to pay at least a million dollars to reach outer space.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>This high cost leads to social inequity and elitism, as it limits access to a privileged few.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Safety Concerns: <\/strong>The weakening of bones and muscles due to lack of gravity <strong><em>(atrophy)<\/em><\/strong>, potential damage to spacecraft from extreme temperatures and collisions with space debris, and health problems from extended space travel and radiation exposure are all risks associated with space tourism.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Environmental Impact:<\/strong> Several studies have pointed out that space tourism may lead to environmental damage as rockets emit gaseous and solid chemicals directly into the upper atmosphere.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Scientists worry that growing numbers of rocket flights and the rise of space tourism could harm Earth\u2019s atmosphere and contribute to climate change.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Legal and Regulatory Challenges:<\/strong> The regulatory framework for space activities is complex, with numerous international treaties and agreements governing space activities and national laws and regulations varying between countries.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>There is an urgent need to draft new treaties to regulate the space tourism industry.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Infrastructure Limitations: <\/strong>Limited infrastructure for space travel and tourism is another challenge that needs to be addressed.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>As more companies invest in developing spacecraft and launch infrastructure, there will be an increased demand for engineers, technicians, pilots, and other specialised professionals.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-3af95778281045205d67cc0156a49698\" style=\"color:#ff6a00\"><strong>Conclusion<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Space tourism represents a new frontier in human exploration. It not only offers the promise of space travel to ordinary people but also has the potential to drive technological innovation and inspire a new generation of explorers.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The high cost of space travel and the potential environmental impact are significant hurdles that need to be addressed.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Moreover, the physical and psychological effects of space travel on humans are still not fully understood.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>As we stand on the cusp of this new era, it is clear that space tourism will play a significant role in shaping the future of human space exploration.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/indianexpress.com\/article\/explained\/gopi-thotakura-space-tourism-indian-9271691\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Source: IE<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-2b5b55154b8be5f873bc697e51db5a80\" style=\"color:#015aa7\"><strong>News in Short<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-652cfa3a7ebc964d0b198e780463dbd6\" style=\"color:#ff6a00\"><strong>Ashwagandha<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus: GS2\/ Health<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>In Context<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>India is the top producer and exporter of Ashwagandha with states like Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh emerging as leading producers<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>About Ashwagandha&nbsp;<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Ashwagandha is also known as <strong>Indian Ginseng or Withania somnifera or Winter Cherry<\/strong>. It is among a group of herbs called \u2018adaptogens\u2019 and has a long history of use in Ayurveda.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It is an evergreen herb mostly <strong>found in India, Africa and the Middle East.&nbsp;<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ashwagandha has active substances called <strong>withanolides and alkaloids.<\/strong> Withanolides are organic compounds which are known to have medicinal properties. Alkaloids are also organic compounds (compounds of carbon), which are generally known for their soothing effect.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Source: BL<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-461c117693b80134a92036cde7c1413a\" style=\"color:#ff6a00\"><strong>Ringwoodite<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus: GS1\/Geography<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Context<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Researchers have discovered a gigantic reservoir of water 700 km beneath the planet&#8217;s surface in a rock known as ringwoodite.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>About<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The size of this subterranean ocean is triple the volume of all the planet\u2019s surface oceans combined.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>By analyzing the speed of the seismic waves generated by earthquakes, scientists inferred the composition of the Earth\u2019s inner layers.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>What is ringwoodite?<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Ringwoodite is a mineral that exists in the Earth\u2019s transition zone. It has a unique crystal structure that allows it to absorb water and hydrogen, acting like a sponge.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>This mineral can hold a significant amount of water.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/timesofindia.indiatimes.com\/etimes\/trending\/did-you-know-that-the-worlds-largest-ocean-is-700-km-below-the-ground\/articleshow\/109257296.cms\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>TOI<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-b0ce22033e9679db47df4752a1f23674\" style=\"color:#ff6a00\"><strong>Requirements for a parliamentary candidate<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus: GS2\/Polity and Governance<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Context<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Recently domicile as a requirement for a parliamentary candidate was in news, as Union Minister for Women and Child Development Smriti Irani became an elector from her Lok Sabha constituency.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Constitutional Provision<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>As per <strong>Article 84 <\/strong>of the Constitution, both Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha candidates must be citizens of India.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>While for the Lok Sabha, they need to be at least 25 years of age, the minimum age limit for the Upper House is 30.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Article also says that the candidates should possess \u201csuch other qualifications as may be prescribed in that behalf by or under any law made by Parliament\u201d.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Article 84 also says that on being elected, the MPs must take an oath or affirmation as per the Third Schedule, which prescribes the format of the oath.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Other Provisions<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>The Representation of the People Act, 1951,<\/strong> lays down that candidates for the Lok Sabha <strong>should be enrolled as electors<\/strong>, from any constituency.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The nomination papers that candidates fill out require them to attach the extract of the electoral roll where they are enrolled.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>However<strong> Domicile is not a criterion for parliamentary candidates<\/strong>, who are allowed to contest from multiple seats.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/indianexpress.com\/article\/political-pulse\/smriti-irani-amethi-rahul-gandhi-rajya-sabha-lok-sabha-9266282\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>IE<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-4d498f2094a55a30fa60de5e32bc192a\" style=\"color:#ff6a00\"><strong>Science Based Targets initiative (SBTi)<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus: GS3\/Environment<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Context<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The SBTi recent declaration of allowing companies to utilize carbon offsets to fulfill their climate commitments has gathered widespread criticism<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>About<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>The Science Based Targets initiative (SBTi)<\/strong> is a corporate climate action organization that enables companies and financial institutions worldwide to play their part in combating the climate crisis.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>SBTi perform various function such as;\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Defines and promotes best practice<\/strong> in emissions reductions and net-zero targets in line with climate science.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Develops standards, tools and guidance <\/strong>to enable companies and financial institutions to set science-based targets in line with the latest climate science.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Through its validation services arm, it assesses and validates companies and financial institutions targets.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>What is a carbon offset?<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>A carbon offset refers to a way by which organizations or individuals can <strong>cut down on their carbon dioxide emissions<\/strong> from the atmosphere.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>These reductions are achieved through projects that either<strong> capture and store carbon or prevent emissions<\/strong> from occurring in the first place, such as through renewable energy projects, reforestation initiatives, and methane capture from landfills.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Companies or individuals purchase carbon offsets to compensate for their own carbon emissions, thereby \u201coffsetting\u201d their environmental impact and contributing to climate change mitigation efforts.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/timesofindia.indiatimes.com\/world\/europe\/inside-sbti-row-that-has-divided-carbon-offsets-market\/articleshow\/109280855.cms\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>TOI<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-de757ea2bccd509aa67460bc7cb4eb14\" style=\"color:#ff6a00\"><strong>Sensex<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus: GS3\/Economy<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Context<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>The Indian stock market <\/strong>extended <strong>losses for the third straight session.<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Escalating tension in the Middle East<\/strong> due to the Israel-Iran conflict is one of the reasons for the stock market fall as the situation has resulted in geopolitical uncertainty in the region.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>About<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Sensex is the benchmark index of the <strong>Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE) in India.<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It was launched on <strong>January 1, 1986 <\/strong>as a<strong> basket of 30 stocks <\/strong>representing the country&#8217;s largest, financially-sound companies listed on the BSE.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The term \u2018Sensex\u2019 is a blend of words <strong>\u2018Sensitive\u2019 and \u2018Index\u2019 <\/strong>and was coined by stock market expert <strong>Deepak Mohoni.<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>If the Sensex value increases it means that there is a <strong>general increase in the prices of shares.<\/strong> On the other hand, if the value of Sensex declines, it means that there is a <strong>general decrease in share prices.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Since sensex comprises companies from all key sectors of the economy, it truly <strong>reflects the sentiment of the stock market in India.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/indianexpress.com\/article\/explained\/explained-economics\/sensex-nifty-fall-9271258\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>IE<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-0f383a17f7c90c49be07c21f965a66c2\" style=\"color:#ff6a00\"><strong>Corals<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus: GS3\/Environment<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Context<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>South Florida researchers<\/strong> are using <strong>biodegradable drinking straws<\/strong> to prevent <strong>laboratory-grown coral from becoming fish food.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>About<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The <strong>small biodegradable cage<\/strong> that&#8217;s made in part with drinking straws<strong> boosts the survival rate of transplanted coral to over 90%.<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The coral cage consists of a <strong>limestone disc<\/strong> surrounded by eight vertical phade brand drinking straws.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>What are Corals?<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Corals are <strong>invertebrates <\/strong>that belong to a large group of animals called <strong>Cnidaria<\/strong>.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Corals are formed by <strong>multiple small, soft organisms known as polyps.<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>They secrete a<strong> rocky chalk-like (calcium carbonate) exoskeleton<\/strong> around themselves for protection.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Coral reefs<\/strong> are therefore created by <strong>millions of tiny polyps forming large carbonate structures.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Appearance: <\/strong>Corals range in colour from <strong>red to purple and even blue,<\/strong> but are most commonly shades of<strong> brown and green.<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>They get most of their colours from the<strong> millions of microscopic algae that grow inside each polyp\u2019s tissues.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>There are three types of coral reefs \u2013<\/strong> fringing reefs, barrier reefs and atolls.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Fringing reefs <strong>form along shorelines, barrier reefs form in open water <\/strong>and <strong>atolls are circular reefs <\/strong>that have formed around <strong>sunken volcanos.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Significance:<\/strong> They provide food, shelter, resting and breeding grounds to a quarter of all marine life, acting as nurseries and refuges to protect critical biodiversity.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>They also support more than 1 billion people living in coastal regions around the world by providing food, livelihoods and recreation.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/sci-tech\/science\/scientists-are-grasping-at-straws-while-trying-to-protect-infant-corals-from-hungry-fish\/article68053421.ece\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>TH<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-c46e1ce8fcc277ab1b6cfec8894b2f85\" style=\"color:#ff6a00\"><strong>Shrinkflation<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus: GS3\/ Economy<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>In News<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>As input prices turn inflationary, the fast-moving consumer goods (FMCG) segment can experience shrinkflation.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>About<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Shrinkflation is the practice by companies of reducing the size or quantity of a product while keeping the same price. For example: reducing the scoops of ice cream in a container or reducing the number of chips in a packet would count as shrinkflation.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Causes: <\/strong>Rising production costs, Avoid sensitivity of consumers to price increases.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Source: FE<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-e39da05ffeac23ddec0360b2367c61f6\" style=\"color:#ff6a00\"><strong>Mount Etna<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus: GS\/ Places in News<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>In News<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Volcanic vortex rings emerged from a new pit crater on the north side of the southeast crater of the Etna Volcano in Sicily, Italy.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>About Mount Etna<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>&nbsp;It is an active stratovolcano&nbsp; volcano on the east coast of Sicily, the largest island in the Mediterranean Sea.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>&nbsp;Etna\u2019s peak is the highest in Italy south of the Alps, and it is Europe\u2019s largest and one of the most active volcanoes of the world.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"223\" height=\"143\" src=\"https:\/\/lh7-us.googleusercontent.com\/LeMxKvLVooyXNhyD4JBpfSBXfSkU5YQJHz1n7DPWtEMf52NDdcVm_yukfytrUwAyqmGPcoOzjYUkXtbNIXS_QfAYASYZx5r-H0gKRFDjQLvtK2qRiNaHln7dhGgtgWeAssvdeRv2LZ09wszvbUTwXCk\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Its summit has <strong>five craters<\/strong>, which are responsible for most of the volcano\u2019s eruptions.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It lies above the convergent plate margin between the African Plate and the Eurasian Plate.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It has been a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 2013.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Source: TH<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/DCA_16-04-2024-1.pdf\">Download PDF<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Recently, India Meteorological Department (IMD) has forecast \u2018above normal\u2019 rains in the country after a gap of eight years.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[21],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-23860","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-current-affairs"],"acf":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23860","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=23860"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23860\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":23870,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23860\/revisions\/23870"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=23860"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=23860"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=23860"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}