{"id":17103,"date":"2023-09-13T18:10:40","date_gmt":"2023-09-13T12:40:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/current_affairs\/?p=17103"},"modified":"2023-09-13T18:10:42","modified_gmt":"2023-09-13T12:40:42","slug":"nipah-virus","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/current-affairs\/13-09-2023\/nipah-virus","title":{"rendered":"Nipah Virus"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>Syllabus:GS2\/ Health<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">News<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Two deaths have been reported from Kozhikode district in Kerala due to Nipah infection.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">About<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Nipah is a zoonotic disease,<\/strong> which means it is transmitted to humans through infected animals or contaminated food.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>History:<\/strong> The first outbreaks of the Nipah virus among humans was reported from <strong>Malaysia (1998)<\/strong> and <strong>Singapore (1999).<\/strong> The virus takes its name from the village in Malaysia where the person in whom the virus was first isolated died of the disease.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Host reservoir:<\/strong> The animal host reservoir of the virus is the <strong>fruit bat, <\/strong>commonly known as <strong>flying fox.<\/strong> Fruit bats are known to transmit this virus to other animals like pigs, and also dogs, cats, goats, horses and sheep.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Symptoms:<\/strong> Fever, headache, cough, sore throat, difficulty in breathing, and vomiting.In severe cases, disorientation, drowsiness, seizures, encephalitis (swelling of the brain) can occur, progressing to coma and death.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Transmission:<\/strong> It can also be transmitted directly from<strong> person to person through close contact <\/strong>with an infected person.Some cases of infection have also been reported among people who climb trees where bats often roost.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">How fast does the Nipah virus spread?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>According to the <strong>World Health Organization (WHO),<\/strong> Nipah has a relatively high case fatality ratio. The very high death rates contribute to low transmission.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Reproductive number (R0):<\/strong>It is a measure of how quickly the virus spreads in the population. The reproductive number (R0) in the previous outbreaks of Nipah virus was about <strong>0.48.&nbsp;<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>A value less than one <\/strong>means less than one person is being infected by an already infected person. In such a scenario, the outbreak is expected to diminish relatively quickly.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/indianexpress.com\/article\/explained\/everyday-explainers\/nipah-kerala-what-is-this-virus-8936970\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>IE<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Syllabus:GS2\/ Health News About How fast does the Nipah virus spread? Source: IE<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[21],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-17103","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-current-affairs"],"acf":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17103","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=17103"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17103\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":17104,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17103\/revisions\/17104"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=17103"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=17103"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=17103"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}