{"id":14978,"date":"2021-04-28T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2021-04-28T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/current_affairs\/uncategorized\/28-04-2021\/facts-in-news-137\/"},"modified":"2021-04-28T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2021-04-28T00:00:00","slug":"facts-in-news-137","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/current-affairs\/28-04-2021\/facts-in-news-137","title":{"rendered":"Facts in News"},"content":{"rendered":"

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Facts in News<\/u><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

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Single Crystal Blades<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n<\/td>\n

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  • The blades are <\/span><\/span><\/span>used in the development of engines<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span> to allow helicopters to<\/span><\/span><\/span> operate reliably in complex and extreme conditions<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
  • Made using a <\/span><\/span><\/span>nickel-based superalloy<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span>, the blades feature a <\/span><\/span><\/span>complex geometrical design<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span> and can <\/span><\/span><\/span>withstand high temperatures<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
  • Single-crystal airfoils have<\/span><\/span><\/span> longer fatigue life<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span>, are more corrosion resistant and can also be cast with thinner walls.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
  • The <\/span><\/span><\/span>US<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span>, <\/span><\/span><\/span>UK<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span>, <\/span><\/span><\/span>Russia <\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span>and <\/span><\/span><\/span>France <\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span>are among the few countries that can design and produce single-crystal components.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
  • The technology has been developed by the <\/span><\/span><\/span>Defence Metallurgical Research Laboratory<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span> (DMRL) of the <\/span><\/span><\/span>Defence Research and Development Organisation<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span> (DRDO).<\/span><\/span><\/span>\n
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Ladakh Ignited Minds Project<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n<\/td>\n

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  • To provide better educational opportunities for Ladakhi students, the Indian Army has initiated the project Ladakh Ignited Minds.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
  • It is a <\/span><\/span><\/span>Centre of Excellence and Wellness<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span> initiated by the <\/span><\/span><\/span>Indian Army<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
  • Aims<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span>\n
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    • To provide better training facilities to disadvantaged Ladakhi students to give them opportunity to study in niche educational institutes.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
    • To maintain cordial Civil and Defence relations with Ladakhi youth.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
    • On behalf of the Indian Army, the <\/span><\/span><\/span>Fire and Fury Corps <\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span>has signed<\/span><\/span><\/span> Memorandums of Understanding<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span> (MoUs) with <\/span><\/span><\/span>Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Limited<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span> (HPCL) and <\/span><\/span><\/span>National Integrity and Educational Development Organization <\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span>(NIEDO), the executing agency.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
    • The<\/span><\/span><\/span> first batch<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span> of students from Leh and Kargil would get <\/span><\/span><\/span>training for Joint Entrance Examination <\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span>(JEE) and <\/span><\/span><\/span>National Eligibility Cum Entrance Test <\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span>(NEET) entrance examinations.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
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National Human Rights Commission (NHRC)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n<\/td>\n

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  • It was established on <\/span><\/span><\/span>12<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span>th<\/sup><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span> October 1993<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span> under the <\/span><\/span><\/span>Protection of Human Rights Act (PHRA), 1993<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span> after amending the <\/span><\/span><\/span>Protection of Human Rights (Amendment) Act, 2006<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/span>\n
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    • Section 2(1)(d)<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span> of the PHRA <\/span><\/span><\/span>defines Human Rights<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span> as the rights relating to life, liberty, equality and dignity of the individual guaranteed by the Constitution and enforceable by courts in India.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
    • Functions<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span>\n
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      • Spreads human rights awareness amongst the masses & encourages the efforts of stakeholders.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
      • Enquiries into complaints of violation of human rights.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
      • Hosts delegations from UN Bodies and other NHRIs.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
      • It is in conformity with the <\/span><\/span><\/span>Paris Principles<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/span>\n
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        • The <\/span><\/span><\/span>first international workshop on national institutions for the promotion and protection of human rights<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span> held in<\/span><\/span><\/span> October 1991<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span> gave these principles.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
        • These were also endorsed by the <\/span><\/span><\/span>General Assembly of the United Nations <\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span>in <\/span><\/span><\/span>December 1993<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
        • NHRC is a <\/span><\/span><\/span>unique institution<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span> because it is one of the few National Human Rights Institutes (NHRIs) in the world whose <\/span><\/span><\/span>Chairperson is the former Chief Justice of the country<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
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Agriculture Infrastructure Fund<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n<\/td>\n

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  • It is a new pan India <\/span><\/span><\/span>Central Sector Scheme<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span> called <\/span><\/span><\/span>Agriculture Infrastructure Fund<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span>.\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
  • It provides a <\/span><\/span><\/span>medium – long term<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/span><\/span>debt financing facility<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span> for investment in <\/span><\/span><\/span>viable projects<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span> for post-harvest management Infrastructure and community farming assets through interest subvention and financial support.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
  • The duration of the Scheme is from <\/span><\/span><\/span>FY2020 to FY2029 (10 years).<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
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    • It will be managed and monitored through an online <\/span><\/span><\/span>Management Information System (MIS) platform.<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
    • Key Features: <\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00a0Under the scheme, the banking and financial institutions will extend the funding as loans to primary agricultural credit societies (PACS), marketing cooperative societies, FPOs, SHGs, cooperative societies, etc.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
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      • It seeks to extend funding of <\/span><\/span><\/span>Rs 1<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/span><\/span>lakh crore for\u00a0 10<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span> years to boost agricultural marketing while strengthening the 10,000 farmers\u2019 producers organizations (FPOs), Self Help Groups (SHGs).<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
      • Credit guarantee coverage will be available for eligible borrowers from this financing facility under the <\/span><\/span><\/span>Credit Guarantee Fund Trust for Micro and Small Enterprises (CGTMSE<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span>) <\/span><\/span><\/span>scheme<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span> for a loan up to two crore rupees with interest subvention of 3 per cent per annum for a maximum period of seven years.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

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        Credit Guarantee Fund Trust for Micro and Small Enterprises (CGTMSE)<\/u><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

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        • Launch:<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span>In 2000 by the Ministry of MSMEs, GoI and Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI).<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
        • Aim:<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span> To make available collateral-free credit to the micro and small enterprise sector.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
        • Key Points: <\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span>Both the existing and the new enterprises are eligible to be covered under the scheme.<\/span><\/span><\/span>\n
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          • The corpus of CGTMSE is being contributed by the GoI and SIDBI in the ratio of 4:1 respectively.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
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Supply Chain Resilience Initiative<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n<\/td>\n

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  • India, Japan<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span> and <\/span><\/span><\/span>Australia<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00a0 formally launched the <\/span><\/span><\/span>Supply Chain Resilience Initiative (SCRI) <\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span>in a move to <\/span><\/span><\/span>counter China\u2019s dominance<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span> of the supply chain in the <\/span><\/span><\/span>Indo-Pacific region.<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
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    • Aim: <\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00a0To create a virtuous cycle of <\/span><\/span><\/span>enhancing supply chain resilience<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span> with a view to eventually attaining strong, sustainable, balanced and inclusive growth in the<\/span><\/span><\/span> Indo-Pacific region.<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span>\n
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      • It seeks to build upon the existing bilateral frameworks like the <\/span><\/span><\/span>Asean-Japan Economic Resilience Action Plan<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span> and <\/span><\/span><\/span>India-Japan Industrial Competitiveness<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span> Partnership and attract foreign direct investment in the region.\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
      • After an understanding emerges among India, Japan and Australia, the initiative could also be thrown <\/span><\/span><\/span>open for the ASEAN countries<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

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        Image Courtesy:<\/span><\/span><\/span> ET<\/u><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

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Aditya-L1 Support Cell (AL1SC)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n<\/td>\n

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