{"id":14700,"date":"2021-04-07T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2021-04-07T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/current_affairs\/uncategorized\/07-04-2021\/national-super-computing-mission-nsm\/"},"modified":"2021-04-07T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2021-04-07T00:00:00","slug":"national-super-computing-mission-nsm","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/current-affairs\/07-04-2021\/national-super-computing-mission-nsm","title":{"rendered":"National Super Computing Mission (NSM)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>In context<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>India is fast emerging as a leader in <strong>high power computing with the National Super Computing Mission (NSM)<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>National Supercomputing Mission<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>It was launched in 2015 to<strong> enhance the research capacities and capabilities<\/strong> in the country by connecting them to form a<strong> Supercomputing grid,<\/strong> with <strong>National Knowledge Network (NKN) as the backbone.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>The NSM is setting up a grid of supercomputing facilities in <strong>academic and research <\/strong>institutions across the country.\n<ul>\n<li>Part of this is being imported from abroad and partly built indigenously.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>The Mission is being jointly implemented by the<strong> Department of Science and Technology<\/strong> (DST) and the<strong> Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY) <\/strong>and implemented by the <strong>Centre for Development of Advanced Computing (C-DAC),<\/strong> Pune, and <strong>the Indian Institute of Science (IISc)<\/strong>, Bengaluru.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Objectives: <\/strong>To make India one of the world leaders in Supercomputing and to enhance India\u2019s capability in solving grand challenge problems of national and global relevance.\n<ul>\n<li>To attain global competitiveness and ensure self-reliance in the strategic area of supercomputing technology.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Achievements <\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The mission is meeting the <strong>increased computational demands<\/strong> of <strong>academia, researchers, MSMEs,<\/strong> and <strong>startups <\/strong>in areas like oil exploration, flood prediction as well as genomics and drug discovery.<\/li>\n<li>The mission has created the <strong>next generation of supercomputer<\/strong> experts by training more than <strong>4500 HPC<\/strong> aware <strong>manpower and faculties.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>Powered by the NSM, India\u2019s network of <strong>research institutions<\/strong>, in collaboration with the industry, is scaling up the <strong>technology and manufacturing capability<\/strong> to make more and more parts in India.\n<ul>\n<li>While in Phase I, 30 per cent value addition is done in India that has been scaled up to 40 per cent in Phase II.<\/li>\n<li>Completion of<strong> Phase II of NSM<\/strong> in September 2021 will take the country\u2019s computing power to <strong>16 Petaflops (PF). <\/strong><\/li>\n<li>Phase III, initiated this year, will take the <strong>computing speed to around 45 Petaflop<\/strong>s.\n<ul>\n<li>This will include three systems of <strong>3 PF each <\/strong>and one system of <strong>20PF as a national facility.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>The three phases will provide access to High-Performance Computing (HPC) Facilities to around 75 institutions and more than thousands of active researchers, academicians working through Nation Knowledge Network (NKN) &#8211; the backbone for supercomputing systems.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>India has developed an Indigenous server (Rudra), which can meet the HPC requirements of all governments and PSUs.<\/li>\n<li>MoUs have been signed with a total of <strong>14 premier institutions<\/strong> of India for establishing <strong>Supercomputing Infrastructure<\/strong> with Assembly and Manufacturing in India.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<table align=\"left\" border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" style=\"width:735px\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"background-color:#fff2cc; width:6.5in\">\n<p><strong>Supercomputer<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The supercomputer is a <strong>computer with a high-level computationa<\/strong>l capacity compared to a <strong>general-purpose computer<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>The performance of a supercomputer is measured in <strong>floating-point operations per<\/strong> <strong>second (FLOPS)<\/strong> instead of <strong>million instructions per second (MIPS)<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>They are <strong>expensive and are employed<\/strong> for specialized applications that require immense amounts of <strong>mathematical calculations (number crunching).<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>\u00a0For example, weather forecasting requires a supercomputer.<\/li>\n<li>Other uses of supercomputers scientific simulations, (animated) graphics, fluid dynamic calculations, nuclear energy research, electronic design, and analysis of geological data (e.g. in petrochemical prospecting)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Powerful supercomputers<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Japanese supercomputer<strong> Fugaku (442 petaflops) <\/strong>and IBM\u2019s Summit (148.8 petaflops) are the two most powerful <strong>supercomputers in the world.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Supercomputer in India<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The supercomputer was established earlier this year, under the National Supercomputer Mission (NSM) and is going to be installed in the Centre for Development of Advanced Computing\u2019s (C-DAC) unit.<\/li>\n<li>Supercomputers developed in India are:\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Mihir<\/strong>: Mihir (146th on the list), clubs with Pratyush to generate enough <strong>computing power<\/strong> to match <strong>PARAM-Siddhi.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>PARAM-Siddhi<\/strong>:\u00a0 It is the <strong>high-performance computing-artificial intelligence<\/strong> <strong>(HPC-AI)<\/strong> supercomputer, and has achieved a global ranking of 62 in the TOP 500 most powerful supercomputer systems in the world.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Pratyush<\/strong>: It is a supercomputer used for weather forecasting at the Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology, ranked 78th on the November edition of the list.<\/li>\n<li><strong>PARAM Shivay<\/strong>, -It is the first supercomputer assembled indigenously, was installed in IIT (BHU), followed by PARAM Shakti, PARAM Brahma, PARAM Yukti, PARAM Sanganak at IIT-Kharagpur IISER, Pune, JNCASR, Bengaluru and IIT Kanpur respectively.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Application of Supercomputing<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Weather Forecasting<\/li>\n<li>Scientific Research<\/li>\n<li>Data Mining<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Challenges of Supercomputing in India<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Lack of Research &#038; Development in India.<\/li>\n<li>Lack of Funding.<\/li>\n<li>Limited manufacturing of electronics used in Supercomputing missions.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/pib.gov.in\/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=1709875#:~:text=India%20emerging%20a%20leader%20in%20supercomputing&#038;text=Completion%20in%20of%20Phase%20II,Assembly%20and%20Manufacturing%20in%20India.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Source :PIB<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In context India is fast emerging as a leader in high power computing with the National Super Computing Mission (NSM). National Supercomputing Mission It was launched in 2015 to enhance the research capacities and capabilities in the country by connecting them to form a Supercomputing grid, with National Knowledge Network (NKN) as the backbone. The [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":14701,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[21],"tags":[26,33],"class_list":["post-14700","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-current-affairs","tag-gs-3","tag-science-technology"],"acf":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/wp-images.nextias.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/format=auto\/ca\/uploads\/2023\/07\/5674628current-affairs.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14700","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14700"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14700\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/14701"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14700"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=14700"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=14700"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}