{"id":14134,"date":"2021-02-27T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2021-02-27T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/current_affairs\/uncategorized\/27-02-2021\/kodaikanal-solar-observatory-digitized-data-probes-suns-rotation-over-the-century\/"},"modified":"2021-02-27T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2021-02-27T00:00:00","slug":"kodaikanal-solar-observatory-digitized-data-probes-suns-rotation-over-the-century","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/current-affairs\/27-02-2021\/kodaikanal-solar-observatory-digitized-data-probes-suns-rotation-over-the-century","title":{"rendered":"Kodaikanal Solar Observatory Digitized Data probes Sun\u2019s rotation over the Century"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>In News-<\/strong>Recently, Scientists have estimated Sun\u2019s rotation over the Century from data extracted from old films and photographs that have been digitized.<\/p>\n<p><strong>About Discoverer\/ Researcher:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Following institutes studied solar rotation by tracing sunspots from century-old digitized films and photographs.\u00a0\n<ul>\n<li>Aryabhatta Research Institute of Observational Sciences (ARIES), an autonomous institute under the Department of Science and Technology (DST),<\/li>\n<li>Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research, Goettingen, Germany and<\/li>\n<li>Southwest Research Institute, Boulder, USA<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>The old films and photographs were taken at the Kodaikanal Solar Observatory (KoSO) of the Indian Institute of Astrophysics (IIA), an autonomous institute of DST, and have now been digitised.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Benefits of Discovery<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Solar Magnetic Field: <\/strong>The estimation would help study the magnetic field generated in the interior of the Sun.\n<ul>\n<li>The magnetic field causes sunspots and results in extreme situations like the historical mini-ice age on Earth (absence of sunspots).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Prediction of Solar Cycles: <\/strong>It could also help predict solar cycles and their variations in the future.\n<ul>\n<li>The researchers can differentiate the behaviours of the bigger and smaller solar spots for the first time.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Key Findings <\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cfstatic.nextias.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/format=auto\/file_library\/mix_content\/550606080156179140_image.png\" style=\"height:344px; margin-left:100px; margin-right:100px; width:599px\" \/><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u00a0Differential Speed of Poles and Equator:<\/strong> The Sun rotates more quickly at its equator than at its poles.\n<ul>\n<li>Over time, the Sun&#8217;s differential rotation rates cause its magnetic field to become twisted and tangled.<\/li>\n<li>The tangles in the magnetic field lines can produce strong localized magnetic fields.<\/li>\n<li>When the Sun&#8217;s magnetic field gets twisted, there are lots of sunspots.<\/li>\n<li>The sunspots which form at the surface with an <strong>11-year periodicity are the only route<\/strong> to probe the solar dynamo or solar magnetism inside the Sun and hence measure the variation in solar rotation.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Source: <a href=\"https:\/\/pib.gov.in\/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=1700371\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">PIB<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In News-Recently, Scientists have estimated Sun\u2019s rotation over the Century from data extracted from old films and photographs that have been digitized. About Discoverer\/ Researcher: Following institutes studied solar rotation by tracing sunspots from century-old digitized films and photographs.\u00a0 Aryabhatta Research Institute of Observational Sciences (ARIES), an autonomous institute under the Department of Science and [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":14135,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[21],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-14134","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-current-affairs"],"acf":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/wp-images.nextias.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/format=auto\/ca\/uploads\/2023\/07\/5690933current-affairs (1).jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14134","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14134"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14134\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/14135"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14134"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=14134"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=14134"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}