{"id":14048,"date":"2021-02-23T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2021-02-23T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/current_affairs\/uncategorized\/23-02-2021\/statehood-day-of-mizoram-and-arunachal-pradesh\/"},"modified":"2021-02-23T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2021-02-23T00:00:00","slug":"statehood-day-of-mizoram-and-arunachal-pradesh","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/current-affairs\/23-02-2021\/statehood-day-of-mizoram-and-arunachal-pradesh","title":{"rendered":"Statehood Day of Mizoram and Arunachal Pradesh"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>In News<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Every year<\/strong>, <strong>21st February <\/strong>is celebrated as the Statehood Day of Mizoram and Arunachal Pradesh.<\/li>\n<li><strong>On this day in 1987<\/strong>,<strong> <\/strong>both of them became <strong>full-fledged states<\/strong> of the Indian Union with the <strong>Fifty-Third Amendment of the Indian Constitution<\/strong>, <strong>1986<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Mizoram<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Situated in the <strong>southernmost tip of the North-Eastern states<\/strong>, Mizoram derives its name from <strong><em>Mi <\/em><\/strong>(people), <strong><em>Zo <\/em><\/strong>(lofty place, such as a hill) and <strong><em>Ram <\/em><\/strong>(land), and thus implies &#8220;<strong>Land of the hill people<\/strong>&#8220;.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Capital:<\/strong> <strong>Aizawl<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>Mizoram covers an area of approximately 21,087 square km and <strong>about 91% of the state is forested<\/strong> and is the <strong>\u00a02nd least populous state<\/strong> in the country.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Historical References<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>There is <strong>no known recorded history<\/strong>, however, oral tradition reveals that the Mizo people <strong>migrated from China<\/strong> about three centuries ago in <strong>search of new pastureland<\/strong> and settled in these remote Mizo Hills also known as <strong>Lushai Hills<\/strong>.\n<ul>\n<li>About <strong>95%<\/strong> of the current Mizoram population is of <strong>diverse tribal origins <\/strong>who settled in the state, mostly from southeast Asia.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Mizoram was absorbed into British lands during the Raj between 1891-95 and from the <strong>19th century<\/strong>, the <strong>Christian missionaries <\/strong>played a dominating role in the state and were greatly <strong>responsible for the westernisation<\/strong> of its social life.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Statehood<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>The area of Mizo hills became the <strong>Lushai Hills district within Assam<\/strong> at the time of <strong>independence<\/strong>, which was later renamed as the <strong>Mizo Hills<\/strong> in <strong>1954<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>In <strong>1972<\/strong>, the Indian government signed an accord with the moderates of the <strong>Mizo National Front <\/strong>(MNF) and established Mizoram as a <strong>Union Territory<\/strong>.\n<ul>\n<li>The MNF started and intensified the movement for the<strong> secession of Mizo Hills from Assam<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>In 1986, <strong>Mizoram Peace Accord<\/strong> was signed between the Central government and the MNF which ended the insurgency.<\/li>\n<li>Mizoram was granted statehood on 21st February 1987 under the <strong>State of Mizoram Act, 1986<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Borders<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>It is bounded by <strong>Myanmar to the east and south<\/strong>, <strong>Bangladesh to the west<\/strong>, <strong>Tripura to the northwest<\/strong>, <strong>Assam to the north<\/strong> and <strong>Manipur to the northeast<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Flora<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>The richly forested Mizo hills with their<strong> thick bamboo jungles<\/strong> running north to south direction, rise sharply from the<strong> Cachar Plains in Assam<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>The<strong> highest amongst<\/strong> its several peaks is the <strong>Phawngpui <\/strong>(the Blue Mountain).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Fauna<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Mammal species <\/strong>observed in Mizoram forests include Sahuai, Saza, Sathar, Sakei, Keite, Kelra, etc.<\/li>\n<li>Mizoram is host to <strong>numerous species of birds<\/strong>, and many <strong>reptiles<\/strong>, <strong>amphibians<\/strong>, <strong>fish <\/strong>and <strong>invertebrates<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Protected Areas:<\/strong> Murlen National Park, Phawngpui National Park, Dampa Tiger Reserve, Ngengpui Wildlife Sanctuary, Tawi Wildlife Sanctuary, etc.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Main Rivers:<\/strong> Tlawng, Tiau Lui, Chhimtuipui, Tut, Tuivai, Tuichang, Tuirial, Mat, Tuivawl, Tuirini, Serlui.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Tribes<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>Mizo comprises<strong> 5 major tribes and 11 minor tribes<\/strong> known under the common name <strong>Awzia<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>The 5 major tribes are <strong>Lushei, Ralte, Hmar, Paihte, Pawi<\/strong> (or Poi).<\/li>\n<li>While major tribes maintained their respective dialects, the <strong>11 minor tribes either lost their distinctive dialects <\/strong>as a result of association with larger tribes.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Important Festivals: <\/strong>Chapchar Kut, Christmas Festival, New Year Festival, Anthurium Festival, Lyuva Khutla Festival.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Arunachal Pradesh<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Situated in the northeastern part of India, Arunachal Pradesh, which translates to \u201c<strong>land of the dawn-lit mountains<\/strong>\u201d is also known as the <strong>Orchid State of India<\/strong> or the <strong>Paradise of the Botanists<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Capital:<\/strong> <strong>Itanagar <\/strong>in <strong>Papumpare district<\/strong>, which is named after<strong> Ita fort meaning fort of bricks<\/strong>, built in the <strong>14th century AD<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>Arunachal is the <strong>largest state area wise in the north-eastern region<\/strong>, even larger than <strong>Assam which is the most populous<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Historical References<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>Arunachal Pradesh finds mention in the literature of <strong>Kalika Purana<\/strong> and <strong>Mahabharata<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>This place is the <strong>Prabhu Mountains<\/strong> of <strong>Puranas<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>It was here the sage <strong>Parashuram<\/strong> atoned for his sin, sage <strong>Vyasa <\/strong>meditated, King <strong>Bhismaka <\/strong>founded his kingdom and <strong>Lord Krishna married<\/strong> his consort Rukmini.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Statehood<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>It was formerly known as the <strong>North-East Frontier Agency<\/strong> (NEFA) and was <strong>integrated into Assam<\/strong> at the time of <strong>independence<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>The Chinese presence on an unsettled border made it<strong> strategically significant<\/strong> for India and it was upgraded to a <strong>Union Territory in 1972<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>It was finally granted a full-fledged statehood on 21st February 1987 by the <strong>State of Arunachal Pradesh Act, 1986<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Borders<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>States of <strong>Assam and Nagaland to the south<\/strong>, and international borders with <strong>Bhutan in the west<\/strong>, <strong>Myanmar in the east<\/strong> and <strong>China in the north<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>China claims the northern part of the state as a part of the Tibet Autonomous Region.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Flora<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>Evergreen forests cover <strong>more than 82 per cent of the state<\/strong>, which varies from the subtropical to the alpine in the upper regions of the northwest.<\/li>\n<li>This vast canopy of rainforest with its dynamic blend of an amazing plethora of flora and fauna is <strong>one of the world\u2019s 17 Biodiversities Heritage sites<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Fauna<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>It is the <strong>only state<\/strong> that can claim to have<strong> four major varieties of the big cats in its jungles<\/strong> viz. the <strong>tiger, leopard, clouded leopard and snow leopard<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>More than 500 species of birds have been recorded, many of which are highly <strong>endangered and restricted to this state<\/strong>, such as the white-winged duck, Sclater\u2019s Monal and Bengal florican.<\/li>\n<li>It is also home to three species of antelopes amongst which the <strong>Takin is found in Arunachal Pradesh alone<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>The majestic<strong> ox-like Mithun<\/strong> of deep religious significance and socio-cultural importance is indigenous to the state.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Protected Areas:<\/strong> Talle Wildlife Sanctuary (Protected area), Dihang Dibang Biosphere Reserve, Namdapha Tiger Reserve, Sessa Orchid Sanctuary, Pakke Wildlife Sanctuary, etc.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Main Rivers: <\/strong>Kameng, Subansiri, Siang, Lohit and Tirap.\n<ul>\n<li>The mightiest of these is <strong>Siang<\/strong>, called <strong>Tsangpo in Tibet<\/strong>, which <strong>becomes the Brahmaputra<\/strong> after it is joined by the Dibang and the Lohit in the plains of Assam.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Tribes<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>Monpas, Sherdukpens, Khamtis, Singpos and Tangsas, Adis, Akas, Apatanis, Mishis, Nyishis, Mijis, Tagins, Galo, Mishmis, Noctes, Wanchos etc.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Important Festivals: <\/strong>Tawang Festival, Solung, Losar, Torgya, Dree, Murung, Chalo Loku, etc.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cfstatic.nextias.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/format=auto\/file_library\/mix_content\/115154920737576380_image.png\" style=\"height:364px; margin-left:150px; margin-right:150px; width:355px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><em>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0(Image Courtesy: <\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.economist.com\/asia\/2020\/01\/30\/a-restive-corner-of-india-is-becoming-more-peaceful\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>The Economist<\/em><\/a><em>)<\/em><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/news\/national\/pm-modi-greets-people-of-arunachal-mizoram-on-statehood-days\/article33885705.ece\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Source: TH<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In News Every year, 21st February is celebrated as the Statehood Day of Mizoram and Arunachal Pradesh. On this day in 1987, both of them became full-fledged states of the Indian Union with the Fifty-Third Amendment of the Indian Constitution, 1986. Mizoram Situated in the southernmost tip of the North-Eastern states, Mizoram derives its name [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":14049,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[21],"tags":[25],"class_list":["post-14048","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-current-affairs","tag-gs1"],"acf":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/wp-images.nextias.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/format=auto\/ca\/uploads\/2023\/07\/5375253current-affairs (1).jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14048","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14048"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14048\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/14049"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14048"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=14048"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=14048"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}