{"id":14032,"date":"2021-02-22T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2021-02-22T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/current_affairs\/uncategorized\/22-02-2021\/population-versus-planet-conference\/"},"modified":"2021-02-22T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2021-02-22T00:00:00","slug":"population-versus-planet-conference","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/current-affairs\/22-02-2021\/population-versus-planet-conference","title":{"rendered":"\u2018Population versus Planet\u2019 Conference"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>In News: <\/strong>Union Minister for Health and Family Welfare expressed his views in the Population v\/s Planet Conference on 21st Feb 2021.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>It is a part of WION and Zee Media\u2019s year-long campaign called <strong>&#8216;Mission Sustainability: Population Vs Planet&#8217;.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Key Highlights of the meeting<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The world population has increased from 1 billion in 1800 to 7.8 billion today.<\/li>\n<li>Pressure on Resources increases drastically due to the high population.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Indian Efforts related to Family Planning<\/strong>:\n<ul>\n<li>India was <strong>one of the first countries in the world<\/strong> to formulate a <strong>National Family Planning Program<\/strong> way back in <strong>1952.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>It was later <strong>expanded<\/strong> to cover <strong>maternal and child health as well as adolescent health and nutrition<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>Even though India&#8217;s population has increased from 36 crore in 1951 to 121.02 crore in 2011, the country has witnessed a significant decline in both fertility and mortality.<\/li>\n<li>The crude birth rate which was recorded at 40.8 per 1000 in 1951 has declined to 20.0 in 2018.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Total Fertility Rate (TFR)<\/strong> has declined from 6.0 in 1951 to 2.2 in 2015-16.<\/li>\n<li>The death rate in India has declined from 7 in 2012 to 6.2 in 2018.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>India has been an important and active member of the <strong>Family Planning 2020 partnership<\/strong>, advancing <strong>collaborative efforts to address the policy, financing, delivery and socio-cultural barriers to women<\/strong>.\n<ul>\n<li>Since 2012, India increased modern contraceptive use to 55%.<\/li>\n<li>The Partnership helped India add two new contraceptives to the National contraceptive basket:\n<ul>\n<li>Injectable MedroxyProgesterone Acetate (MPA)<\/li>\n<li>Centchroman<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>The success story of <strong>Mission Parivar Vikas, 2016<\/strong> was also highlighted:\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Family Planning Logistics Management and Information system<\/strong> was developed under the <strong>Digital India initiative<\/strong> for last-mile availability of contraceptives.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Demand Generation: <\/strong>A holistic media campaign covered all aspects of Information Education &#038; Communication as well as Behaviour Change Communication<\/li>\n<li><strong>Post-pregnancy contraception:<\/strong> More than 10 million pregnant women benefiting through Post-Partum Intra-Uterine Contraceptive Device (PPIUCD).<\/li>\n<li>With persistent efforts on <strong>three key fronts of Supplies, Services and Information<\/strong>, India was able to provide modern contraceptive access to 14.2 Crore beneficiaries.\n<ul>\n<li>It averted 5.6 Crore unintended pregnancies, 18.6 lakh unsafe abortion and 30 thousand maternal deaths in 2019.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u00a0<strong>National Family Health Survey 5 (NFHS-5)<\/strong> has also applauded India\u2019s remarkable achievements in Family Planning.\n<ul>\n<li>Out of 22 states which were surveyed\n<ul>\n<li>20 have shown an increase in modern contraceptive use.<\/li>\n<li>21 showing a decline in unmet needs for contraception.<\/li>\n<li>19 of them have shown declining fertility.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>India is on the <strong>verge of achieving the replacement Total Fertility Rate<\/strong> with <strong>28 out of 36 states &#038; UTs having already achieved the replacement Total fertility rate of 2.1<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Other Highlights:\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Demographic transition in India:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>The youth population in the<strong> age group of 15-24 years<\/strong> is projected to <strong>decline from 233 million in 2011 to 227 million in 2036<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>The proportion of the working-age population<\/strong> is expected to <strong>increase from 61% in 2011 to 65% in 2036<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>India is adding 12 million people to the working-age population each year.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Over<strong> 9 lakh ASHA workers<\/strong> in the country are the drivers of health and represent the empowered rural women.<\/li>\n<li><strong>The Aspirational Districts Program<\/strong> is based on <strong>Health, Nutrition and Education<\/strong> as important pillars.<\/li>\n<li>India made remarkable progress in the past by <strong>reducing teenage marriages from 47% to 26.8%<\/strong> and <strong>teenage fertility from 16% to 7%<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>India has also expanded women\u2019s education and female workforce participation.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Benefits of population control and family planning<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Less Burden on Resources and Infrastructure<\/li>\n<li>Better education and skilling opportunity<\/li>\n<li>More spending capacity of the family on each child.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Demerits of Over-emphasis on Family Planning and Population Control<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Sudden Population Decline: <\/strong>As per Economic Survey 2018-19, India is set to witness a sharp slowdown in population growth in the next two decades.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ageing Population: <\/strong>As evident from Japan and China, the population is a great resource but old age people are not.\n<ul>\n<li>The ageing population has brought down economic productivity.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Conclusion<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Rather than focussing on reducing population, the <strong>focus must be on managing demography and seeing population as a Resource<\/strong>. (<strong>Economic Survey 2018<\/strong>)<\/li>\n<li>Further, family planning must continue as a voluntary scheme.<\/li>\n<li>The government should focus on diversifying contraceptive methods available to cater to the needs of diverse sects of people.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Source: <a href=\"https:\/\/pib.gov.in\/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=1699680\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">PIB<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In News: Union Minister for Health and Family Welfare expressed his views in the Population v\/s Planet Conference on 21st Feb 2021. It is a part of WION and Zee Media\u2019s year-long campaign called &#8216;Mission Sustainability: Population Vs Planet&#8217;. Key Highlights of the meeting The world population has increased from 1 billion in 1800 to [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":14033,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[21],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-14032","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-current-affairs"],"acf":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/wp-images.nextias.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/format=auto\/ca\/uploads\/2023\/07\/2499952current-affairs (1).jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14032","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14032"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14032\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/14033"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14032"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=14032"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=14032"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}