{"id":13856,"date":"2021-02-15T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2021-02-15T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/current_affairs\/uncategorized\/15-02-2021\/detailed-genome-map-of-malaria-vector\/"},"modified":"2021-02-15T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2021-02-15T00:00:00","slug":"detailed-genome-map-of-malaria-vector","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/current-affairs\/15-02-2021\/detailed-genome-map-of-malaria-vector","title":{"rendered":"Detailed Genome Map of Malaria Vector"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong><em>Anopheles stephensi<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>It is a <strong>major malaria vector mosquito<\/strong> in urban areas of <strong>South Asia <\/strong>and has recently invaded the <strong>horn of Africa<\/strong>.\n<ul>\n<li>It is predicted to become a major urban malaria vector in Africa, putting 126 million urban Africans at risk.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>About the discovery<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Under the newly upgraded Anopheles stephensi genome, more than 3,000 genes have been unearthed.<\/li>\n<li>The discoveries also include 29 formerly undetected genes that play crucial roles in <strong>resistance to chemical insecticides<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>The newly discovered genes are found to play key roles in the metabolism of ingested <strong>blood meal, reproduction and immunity against microbial parasites<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>T<\/strong>he new genome assembly is a comprehensive and accurate map of genomic functional elements.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Relevance<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>It is <strong>vital<\/strong> for the development of <strong>genetic control strategies <\/strong>of <strong>disease transmission<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>It would <strong>help malaria biologists in India and the rest of the world, <\/strong>towards the goal of <strong>malaria elimination in India by 2030<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>The newly discovered genes can also<strong> help address the issue of growing insecticide-resistant mutations<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>About Malaria<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Malaria is a<strong> life-threatening disease <\/strong>caused by <strong>Plasmodium parasites<\/strong> that are transmitted to people through the bites of infected <strong>female Anopheles mosquitoes.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>It is <strong>preventable and curable<\/strong> but sometimes results in a fatality.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Symptoms:<\/strong> Fever and flu-like illness, shaking chills, headache, muscle aches, and tiredness. Sometimes Nausea, vomiting, and diarrhoea may also occur.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Prevention and Cure<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Vector control<\/strong> is the main way to prevent and reduce malaria transmission.<\/li>\n<li>Antimalarial medicines are used to prevent malaria e.g.<strong> Chemoprophylaxis, artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT).<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>India\u2019s Effort to Combat Malaria<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Malaria Elimination Efforts<\/strong> were initiated in <strong>2015 <\/strong>and were later brought under the <strong>National Framework for Malaria Elimination<\/strong> (NFME) in <strong>2016<\/strong>.\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u00a0Nodal Agency:<\/strong> Ministry of Health and Family Welfare.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>The <strong>National Strategic Plan for Malaria Elimination for 2017-22<\/strong> was launched in<strong> July 2017<\/strong> which laid down strategies for the control of the disease.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/sci-tech\/science\/detailed-genome-map-of-malaria-vector\/article33828506.ece\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Source : TH<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&#8220;><\/p>\n<p><strong>In News<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Recently, scientists have unveiled the detailed genome of the Asian malaria vector mosquito <strong><em>Anopheles stephensi<\/em>.<\/strong><\/p>\n<table border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" style=\"width:100%\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"vertical-align:top; width:468.0pt\">\n<p><strong><em>Anopheles stephensi<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>It is a <strong>major malaria vector mosquito<\/strong> in urban areas of <strong>South Asia <\/strong>and has recently invaded the <strong>horn of Africa<\/strong>.\n<ul>\n<li>It is predicted to become a major urban malaria vector in Africa, putting 126 million urban Africans at risk.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>About the discovery<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Under the newly upgraded Anopheles stephensi genome, more than 3,000 genes have been unearthed.<\/li>\n<li>The discoveries also include 29 formerly undetected genes that play crucial roles in <strong>resistance to chemical insecticides<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>The newly discovered genes are found to play key roles in the metabolism of ingested <strong>blood meal, reproduction and immunity against microbial parasites<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>T<\/strong>he new genome assembly is a comprehensive and accurate map of genomic functional elements.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Relevance<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>It is <strong>vital<\/strong> for the development of <strong>genetic control strategies <\/strong>of <strong>disease transmission<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>It would <strong>help malaria biologists in India and the rest of the world, <\/strong>towards the goal of <strong>malaria elimination in India by 2030<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>The newly discovered genes can also<strong> help address the issue of growing insecticide-resistant mutations<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>About Malaria<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Malaria is a<strong> life-threatening disease <\/strong>caused by <strong>Plasmodium parasites<\/strong> that are transmitted to people through the bites of infected <strong>female Anopheles mosquitoes.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>It is <strong>preventable and curable<\/strong> but sometimes results in a fatality.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Symptoms:<\/strong> Fever and flu-like illness, shaking chills, headache, muscle aches, and tiredness. Sometimes Nausea, vomiting, and diarrhoea may also occur.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Prevention and Cure<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Vector control<\/strong> is the main way to prevent and reduce malaria transmission.<\/li>\n<li>Antimalarial medicines are used to prevent malaria e.g.<strong> Chemoprophylaxis, artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT).<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>India\u2019s Effort to Combat Malaria<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Malaria Elimination Efforts<\/strong> were initiated in <strong>2015 <\/strong>and were later brought under the <strong>National Framework for Malaria Elimination<\/strong> (NFME) in <strong>2016<\/strong>.\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u00a0Nodal Agency:<\/strong> Ministry of Health and Family Welfare.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>The <strong>National Strategic Plan for Malaria Elimination for 2017-22<\/strong> was launched in<strong> July 2017<\/strong> which laid down strategies for the control of the disease.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/sci-tech\/science\/detailed-genome-map-of-malaria-vector\/article33828506.ece\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Source : TH<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Anopheles stephensi It is a major malaria vector mosquito in urban areas of South Asia and has recently invaded the horn of Africa. It is predicted to become a major urban malaria vector in Africa, putting 126 million urban Africans at risk. About the discovery Under the newly upgraded Anopheles stephensi genome, more than 3,000 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":13857,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[21],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-13856","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-current-affairs"],"acf":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/wp-images.nextias.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/format=auto\/ca\/uploads\/2023\/07\/4937380current-affairs (2).jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13856","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13856"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13856\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/13857"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13856"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13856"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13856"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}