{"id":12278,"date":"2021-07-30T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2021-07-30T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/current_affairs\/uncategorized\/30-07-2021\/facts-in-news-31\/"},"modified":"2024-05-06T16:02:37","modified_gmt":"2024-05-06T10:32:37","slug":"facts-in-news-31","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/current-affairs\/30-07-2021\/facts-in-news-31","title":{"rendered":"Facts in News"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Facts in News<\/u><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

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Exercise INDRA NAVY-21<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n<\/td>\n

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  • Recently, The 12th edition of exercise <\/span><\/span><\/span>INDRA <\/u><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span>NAVY<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span> was held in the Baltic Sea.<\/span><\/span><\/span>\n
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    • This exercise was undertaken as part of the visit of INS Tabar to St Petersburg, Russia to participate in the <\/span><\/span><\/span>325th Navy Day celebrations of the Russian Navy.\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
    • The exercise progressed<\/span><\/span><\/span> over two days <\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span>and included various facets of fleet operations such as<\/span><\/span><\/span> anti-air firings, underway replenishment drills, helicopter ops, boarding drills<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span> and <\/span><\/span><\/span>seamanship evolutions.\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
    • It is a <\/span><\/span><\/span>biennial bilateral maritime <\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span>exercise between the Indian Navy and the Russian Navy.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
    • It was Initiated in <\/span><\/span><\/span>2003<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
    • It epitomises the long-term strategic relationship between the two navies.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
    • Aims<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span>\n
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      • To <\/span><\/span><\/span>consolidate interoperability built up by the two Navies over the year<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span>s and also to <\/span><\/span><\/span>enhance understanding<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span> and procedures for multi<\/span><\/span><\/span>-faceted maritime operations.<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
      • To strengthen mutual confidence and enable sharing of best practices between both Navies.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        Other Military Exercises of India\u00a0<\/u><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

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        • Malabar Exercise:<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span> Navies of India, USA, and Japan.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
        • JIMEX :<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span>India-Japan<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
        • Ex-Desert Knight 21 exercis<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span>e:\u00a0 It is a bilateral air exercise to be held between Indian Air Force and French air and Space Force.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
        • Indra Dhanush<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span>: It is a joint air force exercise between the Indian Air Force and the Royal Air Force of the United Kingdom<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
        • Exercise Pitch Black<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span>: India and Australia .<\/span><\/span><\/span>\n
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          • The main aim of the exercise is to practice Defensive Counter Air combat and Offensive Counter Air Combat<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
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            • AUSINDEX<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span>: Bilateral naval exercise between the Indian Navy and the Australian Navy.<\/span><\/span><\/span>\n
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              • Both countries hold bilateral army exercises named\u00a0 AUSTRAHIND.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
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                • Dharma Guardian<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span>: The joint military exercise named \u201cDharma Guardian\u201d between India and Japan .<\/span><\/span><\/span>\n
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                  • The exercise is aimed at developing mutual understanding and respect between militaries of both countries, as also facilitate in tracking worldwide phenomenon of terrorism<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
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                    • Aviaindra<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span>: India and Russia joint air exercise.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
                    • Nomadic Elephant<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span>: India and\u00a0 Mongolia joint exercise.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
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Raja Mircha<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n<\/td>\n

Recently, <\/span><\/span><\/span>Raja Mircha <\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span>exported to London via Guwahati by air for the first time.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n
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  • APEDA<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span> in collaboration with the <\/span><\/span><\/span>Nagaland State Agricultural Marketing Board (NSAMB)<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span>, coordinated the first export consignment of <\/span><\/span><\/span>fresh Raja Mircha.<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
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    • It is also known as King Chilli and it is considered as the<\/span><\/span><\/span> world\u2019s hottest on the basis of Scoville Heat Units (SHUs<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span>).<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
    • its highly perishable nature.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
    • It has already been certified as a Geographical<\/span><\/span><\/span> Indications(GI) tag<\/u><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span> to the state of Nagaland.<\/span><\/span><\/span>\n
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      • It got GI certification in 2008.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
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        • The chilli from Nagaland is also referred to as<\/span><\/span><\/span> Bhoot Jolokia and Ghost pepper.<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
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          • Nagaland King Chilli belongs to the <\/span><\/span><\/span>genus Capsicum of the family Solanaceae<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span>.\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

            Agricultural and Processed Food Products Export Development Authority (APEDA)<\/u><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

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            • Founded in: <\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span>1986<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
            • Headquarters:<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span> New Delhi<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
            • It is an <\/span><\/span><\/span>apex-Export Trade Promotion Active body<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span>, which works under the Ministry of Commerce and Industry.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
            • It promotes exports of agricultural & processed food items (including GI products) by providing assistance to the exporters.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
            • It also supports exports through various schemes like Trade Infrastructure for Export Scheme (TIES), Market Access Initiative (MAI), etc.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
            • In 2021, APEDA facilitated exports of Jackfruits from Tripura to London and Germany, Assam Lemon to London, Red rice of Assam to the United States and Leteku \u2018Burmese Grape\u2019 to Dubai.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
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Khagolshala Asteroid Search Campaign<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n<\/td>\n

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  • Jawahar Navodaya Vidyalaya students have detected <\/span><\/span><\/span>Eight Asteroids<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span> as part of the <\/span><\/span><\/span>Khagolshala Asteroid Search Campaign 2021.<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    Khagolshala Asteroid Search Campaign(KASC)<\/u><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

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    • It is an initiative of the<\/span><\/span><\/span> Office of Principal Scientific Adviser<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span>, Government of India, and <\/span><\/span><\/span>SPACE Foundation.<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span>\n
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      • SPACE Foundation aims to popularize science and inculcate scientific temperament among the masses, especially students in India.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
      • The campaign is the India chapter of an <\/span><\/span><\/span>international student research program <\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span>that has got students involved in the search for asteroids.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
      • Under the campaign, high-quality astronomical data sets are distributed to students through the <\/span><\/span><\/span>PANSTARRS telescope<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span> for analysis and identification of asteroids.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
      • The students then analyze the data using software, which then leads to potential discoveries.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
      • These observations feed into the <\/span><\/span><\/span>Near-Earth Object(NEO)<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span> data being compiled by NASA and the Jet Propulsion Lab (JPL).<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        Asteroids<\/u><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

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        • Asteroids, sometimes called minor planets, are rocky, airless remnants left over from the early formation of our solar system about 4.6 billion years ago.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
        • There are lots of asteroids in our solar system. The main asteroid belt is located between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
        • NEOs are comets and asteroids nudged by the gravitational attraction of nearby planets into orbits which allow them to enter the Earth\u2019s neighbourhood.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

          PANSTARRS telescope<\/u><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

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          • Panoramic Survey Telescope and Rapid Response System (Pan-STARRS) is a telescope located in Hawaii, US.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
          • It is surveying the sky for moving or variable objects on a continual basis. It is also producing accurate astrometry and photometry of already-detected objects.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
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India\u2019s Chandrayaan Missions<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n<\/td>\n

Recently, the Minister of State for Space has clarified that the <\/span><\/span><\/span>Chandrayaan-3<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span> is likely to be launched during the <\/span><\/span><\/span>third quarter of 2022<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n
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  • The <\/span><\/span><\/span>Chandrayaan mission<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span> was announced by then Prime Minister <\/span><\/span><\/span>Atal Bihari Vajpayee<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span> on <\/span><\/span><\/span>15th August 2003<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
  • Chandrayaan-1<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span>\n
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    • It took off from the <\/span><\/span><\/span>Satish Dhawan Space Centre<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span> at <\/span><\/span><\/span>Sriharikota<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span> in <\/span><\/span><\/span>October 2008<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span> and entered Lunar Transfer Trajectory in November 2008.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
    • It ejected the <\/span><\/span><\/span>Moon Impact Probe<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span> near the lunar South Pole and <\/span><\/span><\/span>confirmed the presence of water molecules<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span> on the Moon’s surface.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
    • It officially ended in August, 2009.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
    • Chandrayaan-2<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span>\n
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      • It was launched in <\/span><\/span><\/span>July 2019 <\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span>and was scheduled to be an effort aimed at<\/span><\/span><\/span> landing a rover on the Lunar South Pole<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
      • It was sent abroad by a <\/span><\/span><\/span>geosynchronous launch vehicle<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span>, the <\/span><\/span><\/span>GSLV-Mk 3<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
      • Its <\/span><\/span><\/span>lander Vikram<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span> carshed and prevented <\/span><\/span><\/span>rover Pragyaan<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span> from successful travel on the surface of the moon.<\/span><\/span><\/span>\n
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        • Had the mission been successful, it would have been the first time a country landed its rover on the moon on its maiden attempt.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
        • Chandrayaan-3<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span>\n
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          • It is the <\/span><\/span><\/span>third Moon mission<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span> of the <\/span><\/span><\/span>Indian Space Research Organisation<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span> (ISRO) and successor of Chandrayaan-2 mission.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
          • It involves various processes, including finalisation of configuration, subsystems realisation, integration, spacecraft level detailed testing and a number of special tests to evaluate the system performance on earth.\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
          • Progress was <\/span><\/span><\/span>hampered due to Covid-19 <\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span>pandemic.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
          • It is critical for ISRO as it will <\/span><\/span><\/span>demonstrate India’s capabilities to make landings<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span> for further interplanetary missions.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
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Amagarh Fort<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n<\/td>\n

Recently, the <\/span><\/span><\/span>Amagarh Fort<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span>, <\/span><\/span><\/span>Jaipur<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span> has been at the <\/span><\/span><\/span>centre of a conflict<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span> between the tribal <\/span><\/span><\/span>Meena<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span> community and local <\/span><\/span><\/span>Hindu groups<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n
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  • According to a few historians, the present form of the Amagarh Fort was given in the <\/span><\/span><\/span>18<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span>th<\/sup><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span> century<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span> by <\/span><\/span><\/span>Maharaja Sawai Jai Singh II<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span>, founder of Jaipur.<\/span><\/span><\/span>\n
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    • However, it has always been believed that there was some construction at the place before the construction of the fort.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
    • Another set of scholars<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span> highlight that the fort was built by a <\/span><\/span><\/span>Meena Sardar from the Nadla gotra<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span>, now known as <\/span><\/span><\/span>Badgoti Meenas<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/span>\n
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      • Sardars from the Meena<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span> community ruled large parts of Rajasthan <\/span><\/span><\/span>till around 1100 AD<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
      • Prior to <\/span><\/span><\/span>Rajput rule by the Kachhwaha dynasty<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span>, Jaipur and its nearby regions were <\/span><\/span><\/span>ruled and politically controlled by Meenas<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
      • There is a <\/span><\/span><\/span>need for detailed documentation<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span> of the history of the Meena community, which is largely oral as of now.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
      • It has been also <\/span><\/span><\/span>clarified that Amba Mata is different from Ambika Bhawani<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/span>\n
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        • Like other tribal groups, Meenas also worship ancestors and Amba Mata was such an ancestor, a living person and not a god.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
        • She is not related to Ambika Bhawani or Durga and Hindu organisations have been criticised for trying to appropriate Amba Mata as Ambika Bhawani.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
        • Current Dispute<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span>\n
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          • In <\/span><\/span><\/span>June 2021<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span>, following reports of <\/span><\/span><\/span>idols being vandalised <\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span>and<\/span><\/span><\/span> hoisting of a saffron flag<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span> at the fort, Meenas accused Hindu groups of trying to <\/span><\/span><\/span>appropriate tribal symbols into the Hindutva fold<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span> and of changing the name of Amba Mata to Ambika Bhawani.<\/span><\/span><\/span>\n
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            • Meenas used to worship Amba Mata and other deities in the fort.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
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Earth Overshoot Day<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n<\/td>\n

Humanity has again <\/span><\/span><\/span>used up all biological resources<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span> that the Earth regenerates during the entire year by <\/span><\/span><\/span>29<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span>th<\/sup><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span> July 2021<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span>, according to the <\/span><\/span><\/span>World Wide Fund for Nature <\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span>(WWF).<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n