{"id":12192,"date":"2021-07-24T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2021-07-24T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/current_affairs\/uncategorized\/24-07-2021\/facts-in-news-26\/"},"modified":"2024-05-08T15:43:48","modified_gmt":"2024-05-08T10:13:48","slug":"facts-in-news-26","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/current-affairs\/24-07-2021\/facts-in-news-26","title":{"rendered":"Facts in News"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Facts in News<\/u><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

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EV100 Campaign<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n<\/td>\n

Recently, Maharashtra has become the <\/span><\/span><\/span>first State in the country <\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span>to join hands with <\/span><\/span><\/span>Climate Group\u2019s EV100 campaign<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n
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  • EV100 is a <\/span><\/span><\/span>global initiative<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span> bringing together forward looking companies committed to accelerating the transition to <\/span><\/span><\/span>electric vehicles<\/u><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span> (EVs).<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
  • It aims to make <\/span><\/span><\/span>electric transport the new normal by 2030<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span> by encouraging companies to switch from vehicles running on fossil fuels to EVs and install charging infrastructure.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
  • It was launched in <\/span><\/span><\/span>September 2017<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
  • Companies can choose to <\/span><\/span><\/span>make the commitment in one or more of four influence areas:<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span>\n
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    • Directly controlled fleets (owned\/leased).<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
    • Service provider contracts.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
    • Workplace charging.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
    • Customer charging.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
    • It is a<\/span><\/span><\/span> broad coalition of major global companies<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span> all making the public commitment as outlined above.<\/span><\/span><\/span>\n
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      • The collective corporate action will drive the transition to electric-mobility in the broader market.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
      • The forward-looking demand signal from companies drives market supply and gives political support to legislators.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
      • Corporate action also positions electro-mobility as a new mainstream solution to the general public, and makes it easier for staff and customers to make a personal transition.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
      • Supported Activities: <\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span>Capacity building, knowledge development and policy-making and implementations.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
      • Commitment actions will lead to <\/span><\/span><\/span>direct transport emissions reductions<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span> as internal combustion engine vehicles are replaced by EVs.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
      • Climate Group, an <\/span><\/span><\/span>international non-profit<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span>, acts as a <\/span><\/span><\/span>bridge<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span> between <\/span><\/span><\/span>private companies and the State government<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span> to ease the process of shifting their fleets to EVs.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

        (Image Courtesy: <\/span><\/span><\/span>3BLM<\/u><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a>)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

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Lingayats<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n<\/td>\n

Recently, the Chief Minister of Karnataka has received huge support from the Lingayat community amid speculation of a change of leadership.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n
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  • The term Lingayat denotes a <\/span><\/span><\/span>person<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span> who <\/span><\/span><\/span>wears a personal linga<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span>, an iconic form of god Shiva, <\/span><\/span><\/span>on the body <\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span>which is received during the initiation ceremony.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
  • The tradition of <\/span><\/span><\/span>Lingayatism<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span> is known to have been <\/span><\/span><\/span>founded <\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span>by social reformer and philosopher<\/span><\/span><\/span> Basavanna<\/u><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span> in 12<\/span><\/span><\/span>th<\/sup><\/span><\/span><\/span> century Karnataka.\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span>\n
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    • Their emergence can be located within the larger trend of <\/span><\/span><\/span>Bhakti movements<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span> that had swept across South India from the 8<\/span><\/span><\/span>th<\/sup><\/span><\/span><\/span> century AD onwards.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
    • Lingayats had been classified as a <\/span><\/span><\/span>Hindu subcaste<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span> called \u201c<\/span><\/span><\/span>Veerashaiva Lingayats<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u201d and they are considered to be <\/span><\/span><\/span>Shaivites<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
    • Political Significance<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span>\n
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      • Lingayats are the <\/span><\/span><\/span>state\u2019s single largest community<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span>, at nearly 17 per cent of the population, mostly in the north Karnataka region.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
      • They are known to include<\/span><\/span><\/span> firm supporters of the BJP<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span> and the current CM <\/span><\/span><\/span>Yediyurappa<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
      • The community can<\/span><\/span><\/span> determine the outcome of polls<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span> in as many as 90-100 of the state\u2019s 224 assembly constituencies.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
      • Lingayat mutts<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span> in the state are very powerful and are <\/span><\/span><\/span>directly involved in politics<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span> since they have a large following and occupy a central space in their respective sub-sects.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
      • The<\/span><\/span><\/span> All India Veerashaiva Mahasabha<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span>, a Lingayat organisation with a grassroots presence in 22 districts, especially in the Lingayat heartland in North Karnataka, has <\/span><\/span><\/span>rallied behind Yediyurappa<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
      • The community has <\/span><\/span><\/span>backed the BJP<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span> and its leader Yediyurappa since the turn of the century after the<\/span><\/span><\/span> Congress lost its influence on the community in the 1990s<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span> on account of its shabby treatment of leaders.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
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Insights into TB Bacteria Mechanism<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n<\/td>\n

Recently, researchers at the <\/span><\/span><\/span>Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span> (CDFD) <\/span><\/span><\/span>Hyderabad <\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span>have got new insight into the <\/span><\/span><\/span>molecular mechanism of the <\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span>Tuberculosis<\/u><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span> (TB) bacterium<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n
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  • TB is caused by a bacterium called <\/span><\/span><\/span>Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span> (M.tb), which can travel through the air.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
  • M.tb is equipped with several<\/span><\/span><\/span> proteins like PPE2<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span> which help it to <\/span><\/span><\/span>avoid and weaken the host immune-responses<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/span>\n
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    • Identification<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span> of important virulent proteins of M.tb is important for TB <\/span><\/span><\/span>care and management<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span> programmes.\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
    • PPE2 protein works by <\/span><\/span><\/span>blocking the production of compounds called reactive nitrogen species<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span> (RNS) and <\/span><\/span><\/span>reactive oxygen species<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span> (ROS), which are some of the key elements of the human immune system.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
    • According to new studies, PPE2 could also be playing an important <\/span><\/span><\/span>role in regulating the synthesis of Vitamin B12<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span> in the bacterium.<\/span><\/span><\/span>\n
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      • Vitamin B12 plays a fundamental role in<\/span><\/span><\/span> bacterial metabolism<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span> and <\/span><\/span><\/span>gene regulation<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
      • The human <\/span><\/span><\/span>body cannot synthesise<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span> Vitamin B12 and depends upon <\/span><\/span><\/span>gut microbiota<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span> or <\/span><\/span><\/span>external food supplements<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span> to meet its daily requirement.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
      • M.tb <\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span>has <\/span><\/span><\/span>genes for B12 synthesis<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span> but the true nature of its pathway in the bacterium is still a mystery and the new study might give some insight into this.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
      • In M.tb physiology, there is a <\/span><\/span><\/span>presence of a regulatory RNA element<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span> or <\/span><\/span><\/span>riboswitch<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span> in a cluster of genes known as an <\/span><\/span><\/span>operon<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span> in a functioning unit of its DNA.<\/span><\/span><\/span>\n
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        • The cluster has <\/span><\/span><\/span>three genes:<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span> PPE2, cobq, and cobu.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
        • While <\/span><\/span><\/span>cobq and cobu<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span> genes are already known to be part of the<\/span><\/span><\/span> Vitamin B12 biosynthesis<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span> process, not much is known about PPE2\u2019s role.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
        • The study observed that <\/span><\/span><\/span>PPE2 could bind to DNA located before operon ppe2-cobq1-cobu<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span> and might be playing a role in its regulation.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
        • Vitamin B12 has a fundamental role in bacterial metabolism and gene regulation and if carefully investigated, ppe2-cobq1-cobu cluster and riboswitch together, may <\/span><\/span><\/span>present opportunities to translate the basic knowledge of microbial metabolism<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span> into <\/span><\/span><\/span>effective therapeutic methods<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
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Paramparagat Krishi Vikas Yojana (PKVY)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n<\/td>\n

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  • It is a sub-component of the <\/span><\/span><\/span>Soil Health Management <\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span>(SHM) scheme under the <\/span><\/span><\/span>National Mission of Sustainable Agriculture<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span> (NMSA).<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
  • Aims<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span>\n
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    • To <\/span><\/span><\/span>develop sustainable <\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span>models of organic farming through a <\/span><\/span><\/span>mix of traditional wisdom<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span> and <\/span><\/span><\/span>modern science<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span> to ensure long term soil fertility buildup, resource conservation and help in climate change adaptation and mitigation.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
    • T<\/span><\/span><\/span>o increase soil fertility<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span> and thereby help in the production of healthy food through organic practices without the use of agrochemicals.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
    • To <\/span><\/span><\/span>empower farmers through institutional development<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span> through clusters approach not only in farm practice management, input production, quality assurance but also in value addition and direct marketing through innovative means.\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
    • Under it, <\/span><\/span><\/span>organic farming is promoted<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span> through adoption of organic villages by cluster approach and <\/span><\/span><\/span>PGS certification.<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span>\n
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      • Fifty or more farmers<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span> form a cluster having<\/span><\/span><\/span> 50 acre land <\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span>to take up organic farming under the scheme.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
      • The produce will be <\/span><\/span><\/span>pesticide residue free<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span> and will contribute to improving the health of the consumer.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

        Facts in News EV100 Campaign Recently, Maharashtra has become the first State in the country to join hands with Climate Group\u2019s EV100 campaign. EV100 is a global initiative bringing together forward looking companies committed to accelerating the transition to electric vehicles (EVs). It aims to make electric transport the new normal by 2030 by encouraging […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":12193,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[21],"tags":[76],"class_list":["post-12192","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-current-affairs","tag-gs"],"acf":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/wp-images.nextias.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/format=auto\/ca\/uploads\/2023\/07\/2664760Current-Affairs.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12192","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12192"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12192\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":24475,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12192\/revisions\/24475"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/12193"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12192"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=12192"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12192"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}