{"id":9729,"date":"2024-07-27T12:13:55","date_gmt":"2024-07-27T12:13:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/?p=9729"},"modified":"2024-07-27T12:13:57","modified_gmt":"2024-07-27T12:13:57","slug":"west-flowing-rivers-of-india","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/west-flowing-rivers-of-india\/","title":{"rendered":"West Flowing Rivers of India"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><em>The <strong>West-flowing Rivers of Peninsular India <\/strong>flow towards the Arabian Sea, traversing through unique geological formations like rift valleys. These rivers play a crucial role in the region&#8217;s hydrology, supporting agriculture and contributing to the local economy through fishing and hydroelectric power generation. This article aims to study in detail the west-flowing rivers, their characteristics, courses, tributaries, and the various projects developed along them.<\/em><\/p><div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_56_1 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-transparent ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/west-flowing-rivers-of-india\/#About_West_Flowing_Rivers_of_India\" title=\"About West Flowing Rivers of India\u00a0\">About West Flowing Rivers of India\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/west-flowing-rivers-of-india\/#Characteristics_of_West-Flowing_Rivers_of_India\" title=\"Characteristics of West-Flowing Rivers of India\">Characteristics of West-Flowing Rivers of India<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/west-flowing-rivers-of-india\/#Narmada_River\" title=\"Narmada River\">Narmada River<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/west-flowing-rivers-of-india\/#Tributaries_of_Narmada_River\" title=\"Tributaries of Narmada River\">Tributaries of Narmada River<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/west-flowing-rivers-of-india\/#Right_Bank_Tributaries_of_Narmada_River\" title=\"Right Bank Tributaries of Narmada River\">Right Bank Tributaries of Narmada River<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/west-flowing-rivers-of-india\/#Left_Bank_Tributaries_of_Narmada_River\" title=\"Left Bank Tributaries of Narmada River\">Left Bank Tributaries of Narmada River<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/west-flowing-rivers-of-india\/#Major_Hydropower_Projects_on_Narmada_River\" title=\"Major Hydropower Projects on Narmada River\">Major Hydropower Projects on Narmada River<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/west-flowing-rivers-of-india\/#Tapti_River_Tapi\" title=\"Tapti River (Tapi)\">Tapti River (Tapi)<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/west-flowing-rivers-of-india\/#Tributaries_of_Tapti_River\" title=\"Tributaries of Tapti River\">Tributaries of Tapti River<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/west-flowing-rivers-of-india\/#Right_Bank_Tributaries_of_Tapti_River\" title=\"Right Bank Tributaries of Tapti River\">Right Bank Tributaries of Tapti River<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/west-flowing-rivers-of-india\/#Left_Bank_Tributaries_of_Tapti_River\" title=\"Left Bank Tributaries of Tapti River\">Left Bank Tributaries of Tapti River<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/west-flowing-rivers-of-india\/#Projects_on_Tapti_River\" title=\"Projects on Tapti River\">Projects on Tapti River<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/west-flowing-rivers-of-india\/#Industry_in_the_Tapti_Basin\" title=\"Industry in the Tapti Basin\">Industry in the Tapti Basin<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/west-flowing-rivers-of-india\/#Sabarmati_River\" title=\"Sabarmati River\">Sabarmati River<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/west-flowing-rivers-of-india\/#Projects_on_Sabarmati_River\" title=\"Projects on Sabarmati River\">Projects on Sabarmati River<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/west-flowing-rivers-of-india\/#Mahi_River\" title=\"Mahi River\">Mahi River<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/west-flowing-rivers-of-india\/#Projects_on_Mahi_River\" title=\"Projects on Mahi River\">Projects on Mahi River<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-18\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/west-flowing-rivers-of-india\/#Luni_River\" title=\"Luni River\">Luni River<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-19\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/west-flowing-rivers-of-india\/#Sharavati_River\" title=\"Sharavati River\">Sharavati River<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-20\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/west-flowing-rivers-of-india\/#Mahadayi_River\" title=\"Mahadayi River\">Mahadayi River<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-21\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/west-flowing-rivers-of-india\/#MahadayiMandovi_River_Dispute\" title=\"Mahadayi\/Mandovi River Dispute\">Mahadayi\/Mandovi River Dispute<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-22\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/west-flowing-rivers-of-india\/#Ghaggar_River\" title=\"Ghaggar River\">Ghaggar River<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-23\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/west-flowing-rivers-of-india\/#Desert_Rivers\" title=\"Desert Rivers\">Desert Rivers<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-24\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/west-flowing-rivers-of-india\/#Conclusion\" title=\"Conclusion\">Conclusion<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-25\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/west-flowing-rivers-of-india\/#What_is_an_Estuary\" title=\"What is an Estuary?\">What is an Estuary?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-26\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/west-flowing-rivers-of-india\/#Difference_between_East_Flowing_Rivers_and_West_Flowing_Rivers\" title=\"Difference between East Flowing Rivers and West Flowing Rivers\">Difference between East Flowing Rivers and West Flowing Rivers<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-5b22eb1ff8a02adceab6f5f96b481398\" style=\"color:#015aa7\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"About_West_Flowing_Rivers_of_India\"><\/span><strong>About West Flowing Rivers of India\u00a0<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>India is a geographical paradise with many rivers flowing across the country.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>While most of the country&#8217;s rivers flow eastward, joining the Bay of Bengal, a few rivers defy the odds and flow westward.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>These west-flowing rivers ultimately end up in the Arabian Sea.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The two major west-flowing rivers are the Narmada and the Tapi.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>This exceptional behaviour is because these rivers didn\u2019t form valleys; instead, they flow through faults (linear rift, rift valley, trough) created by the bending of the northern peninsula during the formation process of the Himalayas.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>These faults run parallel to the Vindhyas and the Satpuras.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>These rivers traverse through rift valleys, a geological formation resulting from the bending of the northern peninsula during the formation of the Himalayas.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-04f54b2b6d224b99d9d3c6df253552fe\" style=\"color:#015aa7\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Characteristics_of_West-Flowing_Rivers_of_India\"><\/span><strong>Characteristics of West-Flowing Rivers of India<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The Peninsular Rivers which fall into the Arabian Sea do not form deltas but only estuaries.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>This is because the west-flowing rivers, especially the Narmada and the Tapi, flow through hard rocks and hence do not carry much silt.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Moreover, the tributaries of these rivers are very small, and they don\u2019t contribute any silt.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Hence, these rivers cannot form distributaries or deltas before they enter the sea.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-10e4c3dc35065b69881e6405ba566f9a\" style=\"color:#015aa7\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Narmada_River\"><\/span><strong>Narmada River<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Narmada is the largest west-flowing river of the Peninsular India.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Narmada River flows westward through a rift valley situated between the Vindhyan Range to the north and the Satpura Range to the south.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Originating from the Maikala range near Amarkantak in Madhya Pradesh, the Narmada basin spans across the states of Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat, Maharashtra, and Chhattisgarh.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It is bounded by the Vindhyas on the north, the Maikala range on the east, the Satpuras on the south, and the Arabian Sea on the west.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The hilly regions are in the upper part of the basin, whereas lower-middle reaches are broad and fertile areas well suited for cultivation.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Jabalpur is the only crucial urban centre in the basin.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The river slopes down near Jabalpur, where it cascades (a small waterfall, especially one in a series) 15 m into a gorge to form the Dhuan Dhar (Cloud of Mist) falls.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Since the gorge is composed of marble, it is popularly known as the Marble Rocks.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Near Maheshwar, the river again descends from another small 8-m-high fall, the Sahasradhara Falls.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>There are several islands in the estuary of the Narmada, of which Aliabet is the largest.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Narmada is navigable up to 112 km from its mouth.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-af0ea8a8cb5e51efedc34d1288524f97\" style=\"color:#ff6a00\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tributaries_of_Narmada_River\"><\/span><strong>Tributaries of Narmada River<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The left bank and right bank tributaries of the Narmada River are:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Right_Bank_Tributaries_of_Narmada_River\"><\/span><strong>Right Bank Tributaries of Narmada River<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>The right bank tributaries of the Narmada River are:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The Barna River,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Hiran River,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Tendoni River,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Choral River,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Kolar River,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Man River,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Uri River,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Hatni River, and<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Orsang River.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Left_Bank_Tributaries_of_Narmada_River\"><\/span><strong>Left Bank Tributaries of Narmada River<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>The left bank tributaries of the Narmada River are:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The Burhner River,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Banjar River,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Sher River,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Shakkar River,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Dudhi River,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Tawa River,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Ganjal river,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Chhota Tawa river,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Kaveri river,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Kundi River,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Goi River, and<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Karjan River.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-305ff2998fb6b9342e3a805afe40647c\" style=\"color:#ff6a00\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Major_Hydropower_Projects_on_Narmada_River\"><\/span><strong>Major Hydropower Projects on Narmada River<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The major Hydro Power projects in the Narmada basin are:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The Indira Sagar Dam,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Sardar Sarovar Dam,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Omkareshwar Dam,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Bargi &amp; Maheshwar Dam<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"992\" height=\"321\" src=\"https:\/\/wp-images.nextias.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/format=auto\/blog\/uploads\/2024\/07\/1-6.png\" alt=\"West Flowing Rivers of India\" class=\"wp-image-9743\" style=\"width:768px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wp-images.nextias.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/format=auto\/blog\/uploads\/2024\/07\/1-6.png 992w, https:\/\/wp-images.nextias.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/format=auto\/blog\/uploads\/2024\/07\/1-6-460x149.png 460w, https:\/\/wp-images.nextias.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/format=auto\/blog\/uploads\/2024\/07\/1-6-768x249.png 768w, https:\/\/wp-images.nextias.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/format=auto\/blog\/uploads\/2024\/07\/1-6-696x225.png 696w, https:\/\/wp-images.nextias.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/format=auto\/blog\/uploads\/2024\/07\/1-6-150x49.png 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 992px) 100vw, 992px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-6730aa50713447c26eeea4ba37f9314a\" style=\"color:#015aa7\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tapti_River_Tapi\"><\/span><strong>Tapti River (Tapi)<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The Tapti River is Peninsular India&#8217;s second-largest west-flowing river and is known as \u2018the twin\u2019 or \u2018the handmaid\u2019 of the Narmada.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It originates near the Multai reserve forest in Madhya Pradesh.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It drained into the Arabian Sea through the Gulf of Cambay.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Tapti River, along with its tributaries flows over the plains of Vidharbha and Khandesh and a small area in Madhya Pradesh.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The basin&#8217;s hilly region is well forested, while the plains are broad and fertile, suitable for cultivation.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>There are two well-defined physical regions in the basin: the hilly region and the plains. The hilly regions, comprising Satpura, Satmalas, Mahadeo, Ajanta, and Gawilgarh hills, are well forested.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"981\" height=\"390\" src=\"https:\/\/wp-images.nextias.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/format=auto\/blog\/uploads\/2024\/07\/2-4.png\" alt=\"Tapti River\" class=\"wp-image-9744\" style=\"width:824px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wp-images.nextias.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/format=auto\/blog\/uploads\/2024\/07\/2-4.png 981w, https:\/\/wp-images.nextias.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/format=auto\/blog\/uploads\/2024\/07\/2-4-460x183.png 460w, https:\/\/wp-images.nextias.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/format=auto\/blog\/uploads\/2024\/07\/2-4-768x305.png 768w, https:\/\/wp-images.nextias.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/format=auto\/blog\/uploads\/2024\/07\/2-4-696x277.png 696w, https:\/\/wp-images.nextias.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/format=auto\/blog\/uploads\/2024\/07\/2-4-150x60.png 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 981px) 100vw, 981px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-741bd6dcddbbbb36a7c35e2ff6ed3682\" style=\"color:#ff6a00\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tributaries_of_Tapti_River\"><\/span><strong>Tributaries of Tapti River<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The left bank and right bank tributaries of the Tapti River are:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Right_Bank_Tributaries_of_Tapti_River\"><\/span><strong>Right Bank Tributaries of Tapti River<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>The right bank tributaries of the Tapti River are:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The Suki,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Gomai,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Arunavati and<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Aner.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Left_Bank_Tributaries_of_Tapti_River\"><\/span><strong>Left Bank Tributaries of Tapti River<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>The left bank tributaries of the Tapti River are:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The Vaghur,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Amravati,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Buray,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Panjhra,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Bori,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Girna,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Purna,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Mona and<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Sipna.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-d493c899bc419d60f191e2f9f388115a\" style=\"color:#ff6a00\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Projects_on_Tapti_River\"><\/span><strong>Projects on Tapti River<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The Hathnur Dam of Upper Tapi Project (Maharashtra),<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Kakrapar weir and Ukai Dam of Ukai Project (Gujarat),<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Girna Dam and Dahigam Weir of Girna Project (Maharashtra).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-f4958a07fe1b97b621fedcc413b9d9ca\" style=\"color:#ff6a00\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Industry_in_the_Tapti_Basin\"><\/span><strong>Industry in the Tapti Basin<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The important industries in the Tapti Basin are textile factories in Surat and the paper print factory in Nepanagar.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-d5421ffc5c682913f97ada3db8fa1994\" style=\"color:#015aa7\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Sabarmati_River\"><\/span><strong>Sabarmati River<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The Sabarmati River is formed by the merging of the Sabar and Hathmati streams.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Sabarmati basin stretches across the states of Rajasthan and Gujarat, bounded by the Aravalli hills to the north and northeast, the Rann of Kutch to the west, and the Gulf of Khambhat to the south.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Sabarmati originates from Aravalli hills near the village of Tepur, in the Udaipur district of Rajasthan.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The central part of the basin is covered by agriculture accounting for 74.68% of the total area.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Rainfall varies from a meagre few mm in Saurashtra to over 1000 mm in the southern part.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-9dcaa3384b526cea4f0bf14082cd467c\" style=\"color:#ff6a00\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Projects_on_Sabarmati_River\"><\/span><strong>Projects on Sabarmati River<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The Sabarmati Reservoir (Dharoi),<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Hathmati Reservoir, and<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Meshwo Reservoir Project.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-130d344b21ad4a25441dae61d21e0597\" style=\"color:#015aa7\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Mahi_River\"><\/span><strong>Mahi River<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The Mahi River originates from the northern slopes of Vindhyas in the Dhar district of Madhya Pradesh.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It drains into the Arabian Sea through the Gulf of Khambhat.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Mahi basin extends over the states of Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, and Gujarat.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The major part of the basin is covered with agricultural land, about 63.63% of the total area.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>It is one of the major inter-state west-flowing rivers of India.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-ef9c065dbb6871b563b4f29b0addcb93\" style=\"color:#ff6a00\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Projects_on_Mahi_River\"><\/span><strong>Projects on Mahi River<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The important Hydro Power stations are located in Mahi Basin are:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The Mahi Bajaj Sagar Dam,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Kadana Dam, and<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Wanakbori Dam (Weir).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-background has-fixed-layout\" style=\"background-color:#ebecf0\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>Note:<\/strong> The city of Vadodara lies in the Mahi basin.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-4feaa5fe909d0f3746a2e72e5d046ed4\" style=\"color:#015aa7\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Luni_River\"><\/span><strong>Luni River<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The Luni or the Salt River, is named so because its water is brackish.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Luni is the only river basin of some significance in Western Rajasthan, which forms the bulk of the arid zone.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Luni originates from the western slopes of the Aravalli ranges near Ajmer and flows in the southwest direction. It finally drains into the Rann of Kutch (it gets lost in the marsh).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"373\" height=\"234\" src=\"https:\/\/wp-images.nextias.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/format=auto\/blog\/uploads\/2024\/07\/3-2.png\" alt=\"Luni River\" class=\"wp-image-9746\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wp-images.nextias.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/format=auto\/blog\/uploads\/2024\/07\/3-2.png 373w, https:\/\/wp-images.nextias.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/format=auto\/blog\/uploads\/2024\/07\/3-2-150x94.png 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 373px) 100vw, 373px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-e5fa61dd92c7821541966701db4e0ba4\" style=\"color:#015aa7\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Sharavati_River\"><\/span><strong>Sharavati River<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The Sharavati River originates and flows entirely within the state of Karnataka.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Jog or Gersoppa Falls (289 m), made by the Sharavati River, is the most famous waterfall in India.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"439\" height=\"289\" src=\"https:\/\/wp-images.nextias.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/format=auto\/blog\/uploads\/2024\/07\/4-1.png\" alt=\"Sharavati River\" class=\"wp-image-9747\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wp-images.nextias.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/format=auto\/blog\/uploads\/2024\/07\/4-1.png 439w, https:\/\/wp-images.nextias.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/format=auto\/blog\/uploads\/2024\/07\/4-1-392x258.png 392w, https:\/\/wp-images.nextias.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/format=auto\/blog\/uploads\/2024\/07\/4-1-150x99.png 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 439px) 100vw, 439px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-91baa9f769e0a16d561d45fd1e13e248\" style=\"color:#015aa7\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Mahadayi_River\"><\/span><strong>Mahadayi River<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The Mahadayi, also known as the Mhadei or Mandovi in Goa, is a west-flowing river that originates in the Bhimgad Wildlife Sanctuary in the Belagavi district of Karnataka.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>This rain-fed river is formed by several streams converging, making it one of the two major rivers in Goa, alongside the Zuari River.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-899921c22790146edc4b4e21c0563ef4\" style=\"color:#ff6a00\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"MahadayiMandovi_River_Dispute\"><\/span><strong>Mahadayi\/Mandovi River Dispute<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The dispute over the Mahadayi River is between Goa and Karnataka.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It started in the 1980s and grew stronger in the subsequent decades.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Karnataka has moved to design several dams, canals, and barrages to route the Mahadayi river water to the Malaprabha basin.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The state claimed that channelling the river water into the Malaprabha basin, a tributary of the Krishna would meet the requirements of the water-scarce districts of Balkot, Gadag, Dharwad, and Belagavi.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-background has-fixed-layout\" style=\"background-color:#ebecf0\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>Note:<\/strong> An Inter-state Water Disputes Tribunal has allotted 13.42 thousand million cubic feet of water (TMC) to Karnataka and 1.33 TMC to Maharashtra. Both Karnataka and Goa have contested the order, and the matter is now pending in the apex court.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-495d7723d708ebc2053e1a50fb0da9f7\" style=\"color:#015aa7\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ghaggar_River\"><\/span><strong>Ghaggar River<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The Ghaggar is the most significant river in the inland drainage system. Originating on the lower slopes of the Himalayas, this seasonal stream forms the boundary between Haryana and Punjab.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>It eventually dissipates into the dry sands of Rajasthan near Hanumangarh.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Earlier, this river was an affluent of the Indus; the old channel&#8217;s dry bed is still traceable.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Its main tributaries are:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The Tangri,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Markanda,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Saraswati and<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Chaitanya.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-3d08e29280d5490926a4f54c76c045ec\" style=\"color:#015aa7\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Desert_Rivers\"><\/span><strong>Desert Rivers<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>A few rivers in Rajasthan do not drain into the sea. They drain into salt lakes and get lost in the sand with no outlet to the sea.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Besides these, some desert rivers flow for some distance and are lost in the desert.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>These are Luni and Machhu, Rupen, Saraswati, Banas, and Ghaggar. These rivers flow for a certain distance before disappearing into the desert sands without an outlet to the sea.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Some rivers also drain into salt lakes, evaporating and leaving behind salt deposits.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"478\" height=\"266\" src=\"https:\/\/wp-images.nextias.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/format=auto\/blog\/uploads\/2024\/07\/5.png\" alt=\"Desert Rivers\" class=\"wp-image-9748\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wp-images.nextias.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/format=auto\/blog\/uploads\/2024\/07\/5.png 478w, https:\/\/wp-images.nextias.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/format=auto\/blog\/uploads\/2024\/07\/5-460x256.png 460w, https:\/\/wp-images.nextias.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/format=auto\/blog\/uploads\/2024\/07\/5-350x196.png 350w, https:\/\/wp-images.nextias.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/format=auto\/blog\/uploads\/2024\/07\/5-150x83.png 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 478px) 100vw, 478px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-d0adc4bd9eb2e9b9b187dc32f0e06642\" style=\"color:#015aa7\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Conclusion\"><\/span><strong>Conclusion<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>In conclusion, the west-flowing rivers of Peninsular India play a crucial role in the region&#8217;s ecology, economy, and cultural identity. From the majestic Narmada and Tapi to the smaller yet significant rivers like the Mahi and Luni, each river contributes uniquely to the landscape and livelihood of the communities they traverse. Their journey through rift valleys, the absence of deltas, and their eventual convergence into estuaries highlight the geological and hydrological complexities of the region. As we continue to navigate the challenges posed by climate change and water disputes, it is essential to recognise the importance of these rivers, not just as water sources but as vital components of India&#8217;s rich natural heritage.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-95b474677ea4b3511cdeda2d6a83c49e\" style=\"color:#015aa7\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"What_is_an_Estuary\"><\/span><strong>What is an Estuary?<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>An estuary is a partially enclosed coastal body of water where freshwater from rivers and streams mixes with saltwater from the ocean.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Primary productivity in estuaries is very high. Fishing is a dominant occupation around estuaries.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Most of the estuaries are good bird sanctuaries. Estuaries and their surrounding lands act as transition zones from land to sea and from freshwater to saltwater.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>While influenced by tides, estuaries are shielded from the full force of ocean waves, winds, and storms by landforms such as barrier islands or peninsulas.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>These environments are among the most productive on Earth, generating more organic matter annually than equivalent areas of forest, grassland, or agricultural land.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The tidal, sheltered waters of estuaries support unique communities of plants and animals specifically adapted to life at the sea&#8217;s edge.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Estuaries have significant commercial value, providing economic benefits through tourism, fisheries, and recreational activities.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Their protected coastal waters support essential public infrastructure, serving as harbors and ports crucial for shipping and transportation.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Estuaries also offer valuable services. Water draining from uplands carries sediments, nutrients, and pollutants to estuaries. As this water flows through wetlands such as swamps and salt marshes, much of the sediments and pollutants are filtered out.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Additionally, salt marsh grasses and other estuarine plants help prevent erosion and stabilize shorelines.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-a412d5067dac022249f5ed782b4b52c7\" style=\"color:#015aa7\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Difference_between_East_Flowing_Rivers_and_West_Flowing_Rivers\"><\/span><strong>Difference between East Flowing Rivers and West Flowing Rivers<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-background has-fixed-layout\" style=\"background-color:#ebecf0\"><thead><tr><th><strong>Features<\/strong><\/th><th><strong>East Flowing Rivers\u00a0<\/strong><\/th><th><strong>West Flowing Rivers\u00a0<\/strong><\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><br><strong>Flow Direction<\/strong><br><br><\/td><td>Towards the Bay of Bengal<\/td><td>Towards Arabian Sea&nbsp;<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><br><strong>Length and Course<\/strong><br><br><\/td><td>Generally longer with extensive courses<\/td><td>Generally shorter with less extensives<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Mouth Formation&nbsp;<\/strong><\/td><td>Form extensive deltas<\/td><td>Form Estuaries&nbsp;<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Tributaries&nbsp;<\/strong><\/td><td>Larger number of tributaries<\/td><td>Fewer tributaries<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Catchment Areas<\/strong><\/td><td>Larger catchment areas<\/td><td>Smaller catchment areas<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Examples<\/strong><\/td><td>Ganges, Brahmaputra, Godavari, Krishna, Mahanadi<\/td><td>Narmada, Tapi, Mahi, Sabarmati, Mandovi<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Regions Covered&nbsp;<\/strong><\/td><td>Primarily northern, central, and eastern India<\/td><td>Primarily western India<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Characteristics&nbsp;<\/strong><\/td><td>High volume of water due to numerous tributaries<\/td><td>Less volume of water due to fewer tributaries<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><\/td><td>Extensive alluvial plains and fertile lands<\/td><td>Narrow and deep inlets<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><\/td><td>Greater potential for agriculture<\/td><td>Less fertile regions<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The West-flowing Rivers of Peninsular India flow towards the Arabian Sea..<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":9752,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[67,832],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9729","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-geography","category-indian-geography"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9729","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/9"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9729"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9729\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9751,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9729\/revisions\/9751"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/9752"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9729"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9729"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9729"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}