{"id":7369,"date":"2024-04-18T09:59:58","date_gmt":"2024-04-18T09:59:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/?p=7369"},"modified":"2024-05-18T12:40:04","modified_gmt":"2024-05-18T12:40:04","slug":"%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%b7%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%9f%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%b0%e0%a5%80%e0%a4%af-%e0%a4%86%e0%a4%af","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%b7%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%9f%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%b0%e0%a5%80%e0%a4%af-%e0%a4%86%e0%a4%af\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0906\u092f: \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925, \u092e\u093e\u092a\u0928, \u0932\u0947\u0916\u093e\u0902\u0915\u0928 \u0935\u093f\u0927\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0924\u0925\u094d\u092f"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><em><strong>\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0906\u092f <\/strong>\u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0936\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090f\u0915 \u092e\u094c\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0923\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u094b \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u0940\u00a0\u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f \u0915\u094b \u092e\u093e\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u090f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u092e\u093e\u092a\u0926\u0902\u0921<\/em> <em>\u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u090f\u0915 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 <em>\u092e\u093e\u092a\u0926\u0902\u0921<\/em> \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902, \u092f\u0939 \u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f\u0917\u0924 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0923\u092f\u094b\u0902, \u0928\u093f\u0935\u0947\u0936 \u0909\u092a\u091a\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0915-\u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928\u093e \u0915\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 <strong>NEXT IAS \u0915\u0947 \u0907\u0938 \u0932\u0947\u0916<\/strong> \u0915\u093e \u0909\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094d\u092f \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0906\u092f \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0923\u0928\u093e \u0938\u0939\u093f\u0924 \u0938\u0915\u0932 \u0918\u0930\u0947\u0932\u0942 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0938\u0915\u0932 \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926 \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0940 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0905\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092f\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/em><\/p><div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_56_1 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-transparent ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%b7%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%9f%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%b0%e0%a5%80%e0%a4%af-%e0%a4%86%e0%a4%af\/#%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%88\" title=\"\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0906\u092f \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948?\">\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0906\u092f \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%b7%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%9f%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%b0%e0%a5%80%e0%a4%af-%e0%a4%86%e0%a4%af\/#%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%96%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%88\" title=\"\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0906\u092f \u0932\u0947\u0916\u093e\u0902\u0915\u0928 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948?\">\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0906\u092f \u0932\u0947\u0916\u093e\u0902\u0915\u0928 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948?<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%b7%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%9f%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%b0%e0%a5%80%e0%a4%af-%e0%a4%86%e0%a4%af\/#%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%96%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%87_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A3%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%82\" title=\"\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0906\u092f \u0932\u0947\u0916\u093e\u0902\u0915\u0928 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u092c\u0941\u0928\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0926\u0940 \u0905\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0923\u093e\u090f\u0902\">\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0906\u092f \u0932\u0947\u0916\u093e\u0902\u0915\u0928 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u092c\u0941\u0928\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0926\u0940 \u0905\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0923\u093e\u090f\u0902<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%b7%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%9f%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%b0%e0%a5%80%e0%a4%af-%e0%a4%86%e0%a4%af\/#%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B9\" title=\"\u0906\u092f \u0915\u093e \u091a\u0915\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u093e\u0939\">\u0906\u092f \u0915\u093e \u091a\u0915\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u093e\u0939<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%b7%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%9f%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%b0%e0%a5%80%e0%a4%af-%e0%a4%86%e0%a4%af\/#%E0%A4%98%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%82_%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B7%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0_DomesticEconomic_Territory\" title=\"\u0918\u0930\u0947\u0932\u0942 \/\u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 (Domestic\/Economic Territory)\">\u0918\u0930\u0947\u0932\u0942 \/\u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 (Domestic\/Economic Territory)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%b7%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%9f%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%b0%e0%a5%80%e0%a4%af-%e0%a4%86%e0%a4%af\/#%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF_MP\" title=\"\u092c\u093e\u091c\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f (MP)\">\u092c\u093e\u091c\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f (MP)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%b7%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%9f%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%b0%e0%a5%80%e0%a4%af-%e0%a4%86%e0%a4%af\/#%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%A4_FC\" title=\"\u0938\u093e\u0927\u0928 \u0932\u093e\u0917\u0924 (FC)\">\u0938\u093e\u0927\u0928 \u0932\u093e\u0917\u0924 (FC)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%b7%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%9f%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%b0%e0%a5%80%e0%a4%af-%e0%a4%86%e0%a4%af\/#%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF_Nominal_Price_or_Current_Price\" title=\"\u0938\u093e\u0902\u0915\u0947\u0924\u093f\u0915\u00a0\u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f \u092f\u093e \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f (Nominal Price or Current Price)\">\u0938\u093e\u0902\u0915\u0947\u0924\u093f\u0915\u00a0\u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f \u092f\u093e \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f (Nominal Price or Current Price)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%b7%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%9f%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%b0%e0%a5%80%e0%a4%af-%e0%a4%86%e0%a4%af\/#%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF_Base_Price_or_Constant_Price\" title=\"\u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f \u092f\u093e \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0930 \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f (Base Price or Constant Price)\">\u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f \u092f\u093e \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0930 \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f (Base Price or Constant Price)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%b7%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%9f%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%b0%e0%a5%80%e0%a4%af-%e0%a4%86%e0%a4%af\/#%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8_Depreciation\" title=\"\u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f\u0939\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0938 (Depreciation)\">\u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f\u0939\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0938 (Depreciation)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%b7%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%9f%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%b0%e0%a5%80%e0%a4%af-%e0%a4%86%e0%a4%af\/#%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%82_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%87_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%AF_NFIA\" title=\"\u0935\u093f\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093f\u0924 \u0928\u093f\u0935\u0932 \u0906\u092f (NFIA)\">\u0935\u093f\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093f\u0924 \u0928\u093f\u0935\u0932 \u0906\u092f (NFIA)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%b7%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%9f%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%b0%e0%a5%80%e0%a4%af-%e0%a4%86%e0%a4%af\/#%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A3_%E0%A4%AD%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8_Transfer_Payments\" title=\"\u0939\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0902\u0924\u0930\u0923 \u092d\u0941\u0917\u0924\u093e\u0928 (Transfer Payments)\">\u0939\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0902\u0924\u0930\u0923 \u092d\u0941\u0917\u0924\u093e\u0928 (Transfer Payments)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%b7%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%9f%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%b0%e0%a5%80%e0%a4%af-%e0%a4%86%e0%a4%af\/#%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%81%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A4_Capital_Output_Ratio_%E2%80%93_COR\" title=\"\u092a\u0942\u0901\u091c\u0940 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092a\u093e\u0924 (Capital Output Ratio &#8211; COR)\">\u092a\u0942\u0901\u091c\u0940 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092a\u093e\u0924 (Capital Output Ratio &#8211; COR)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%b7%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%9f%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%b0%e0%a5%80%e0%a4%af-%e0%a4%86%e0%a4%af\/#%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%83%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A4_Incremental_Capital_Output_Ratio_%E2%80%93_ICOR\" title=\"\u0935\u0943\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f\u0936\u0940\u0932 \u092a\u0942\u0902\u091c\u0940 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092a\u093e\u0924 (Incremental Capital Output Ratio &#8211; ICOR)\">\u0935\u0943\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f\u0936\u0940\u0932 \u092a\u0942\u0902\u091c\u0940 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092a\u093e\u0924 (Incremental Capital Output Ratio &#8211; ICOR)<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%b7%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%9f%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%b0%e0%a5%80%e0%a4%af-%e0%a4%86%e0%a4%af\/#%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%AF_NI_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%87_%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%A8\" title=\"\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0906\u092f (NI) \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u092a\u0928\">\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0906\u092f (NI) \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u092a\u0928<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%b7%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%9f%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%b0%e0%a5%80%e0%a4%af-%e0%a4%86%e0%a4%af\/#%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%98%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%82_%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6_GDP\" title=\"\u0938\u0915\u0932 \u0918\u0930\u0947\u0932\u0942 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926 (GDP)\">\u0938\u0915\u0932 \u0918\u0930\u0947\u0932\u0942 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926 (GDP)<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%b7%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%9f%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%b0%e0%a5%80%e0%a4%af-%e0%a4%86%e0%a4%af\/#%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%98%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%82_%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6_GDPMP\" title=\"\u092c\u093e\u091c\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f \u092a\u0930 \u0938\u0915\u0932 \u0918\u0930\u0947\u0932\u0942 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926 (GDPMP)\">\u092c\u093e\u091c\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f \u092a\u0930 \u0938\u0915\u0932 \u0918\u0930\u0947\u0932\u0942 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926 (GDPMP)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-18\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%b7%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%9f%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%b0%e0%a5%80%e0%a4%af-%e0%a4%86%e0%a4%af\/#%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%98%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%82_%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6_GDPFC\" title=\"\u0938\u093e\u0927\u0928 \u0932\u093e\u0917\u0924 \u092a\u0930 \u0938\u0915\u0932 \u0918\u0930\u0947\u0932\u0942 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926 (GDPFC)\">\u0938\u093e\u0927\u0928 \u0932\u093e\u0917\u0924 \u092a\u0930 \u0938\u0915\u0932 \u0918\u0930\u0947\u0932\u0942 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926 (GDPFC)<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-19\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%b7%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%9f%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%b0%e0%a5%80%e0%a4%af-%e0%a4%86%e0%a4%af\/#%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6_GNP\" title=\"\u0938\u0915\u0932 \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926 (GNP)\">\u0938\u0915\u0932 \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926 (GNP)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-20\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%b7%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%9f%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%b0%e0%a5%80%e0%a4%af-%e0%a4%86%e0%a4%af\/#%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%94%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%87_%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%9A_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%B0_Difference_between_GDP_and_GNP\" title=\"\u091c\u0940\u0921\u0940\u092a\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u091c\u0940\u090f\u0928\u092a\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930 (Difference between GDP and GNP)\">\u091c\u0940\u0921\u0940\u092a\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u091c\u0940\u090f\u0928\u092a\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930 (Difference between GDP and GNP)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-21\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%b7%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%9f%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%b0%e0%a5%80%e0%a4%af-%e0%a4%86%e0%a4%af\/#%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%80_Real_GDP_Vs_Nominal_GDP\" title=\"\u0935\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u091c\u0940\u0921\u0940\u092a\u0940 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u092e \u0938\u093e\u0902\u0915\u0947\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u091c\u0940\u0921\u0940\u092a\u0940 (Real GDP Vs Nominal GDP)\">\u0935\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u091c\u0940\u0921\u0940\u092a\u0940 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u092e \u0938\u093e\u0902\u0915\u0947\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u091c\u0940\u0921\u0940\u092a\u0940 (Real GDP Vs Nominal GDP)<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-22\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%b7%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%9f%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%b0%e0%a5%80%e0%a4%af-%e0%a4%86%e0%a4%af\/#%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%80_Real_GDP\" title=\"\u0935\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u091c\u0940\u0921\u0940\u092a\u0940 (Real GDP)\">\u0935\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u091c\u0940\u0921\u0940\u092a\u0940 (Real GDP)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-23\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%b7%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%9f%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%b0%e0%a5%80%e0%a4%af-%e0%a4%86%e0%a4%af\/#%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%80_Nominal_GDP\" title=\"\u0938\u093e\u0902\u0915\u0947\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u091c\u0940\u0921\u0940\u092a\u0940 (Nominal GDP)\">\u0938\u093e\u0902\u0915\u0947\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u091c\u0940\u0921\u0940\u092a\u0940 (Nominal GDP)<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-24\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%b7%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%9f%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%b0%e0%a5%80%e0%a4%af-%e0%a4%86%e0%a4%af\/#%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF_%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%95_GDP_Deflator\" title=\"\u091c\u0940\u0921\u0940\u092a\u0940 \u0905\u092a\u0938\u094d\u092b\u0940\u0924\u093f \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0915 (GDP Deflator)\">\u091c\u0940\u0921\u0940\u092a\u0940 \u0905\u092a\u0938\u094d\u092b\u0940\u0924\u093f \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0915 (GDP Deflator)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-25\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%b7%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%9f%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%b0%e0%a5%80%e0%a4%af-%e0%a4%86%e0%a4%af\/#%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A4_GVA\" title=\"\u0938\u0915\u0932 \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0927\u093f\u0924 (GVA)\">\u0938\u0915\u0932 \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0927\u093f\u0924 (GVA)<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-26\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%b7%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%9f%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%b0%e0%a5%80%e0%a4%af-%e0%a4%86%e0%a4%af\/#%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%98%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%82_%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6_GDP_%E0%A4%94%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A4_GVA_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%87_%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%9A_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%B0\" title=\"\u0938\u0915\u0932 \u0918\u0930\u0947\u0932\u0942 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926 (GDP) \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0915\u0932 \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0927\u093f\u0924 (GVA) \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\">\u0938\u0915\u0932 \u0918\u0930\u0947\u0932\u0942 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926 (GDP) \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0915\u0932 \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0927\u093f\u0924 (GVA) \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-27\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%b7%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%9f%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%b0%e0%a5%80%e0%a4%af-%e0%a4%86%e0%a4%af\/#%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A7_%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%AF_NNI\" title=\"\u0936\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0906\u092f (NNI)\">\u0936\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0906\u092f (NNI)<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-28\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%b7%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%9f%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%b0%e0%a5%80%e0%a4%af-%e0%a4%86%e0%a4%af\/#%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A7_%E0%A4%98%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%82_%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6_NDP\" title=\"\u0936\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0918\u0930\u0947\u0932\u0942 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926 (NDP)\">\u0936\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0918\u0930\u0947\u0932\u0942 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926 (NDP)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-29\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%b7%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%9f%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%b0%e0%a5%80%e0%a4%af-%e0%a4%86%e0%a4%af\/#%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A7_%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6_NNP\" title=\"\u0936\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926 (NNP)\">\u0936\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926 (NNP)<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-30\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%b7%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%9f%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%b0%e0%a5%80%e0%a4%af-%e0%a4%86%e0%a4%af\/#%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%AF_NI_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%A3%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%87_%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%87\" title=\"\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0906\u092f (NI) \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0923\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0924\u0930\u0940\u0915\u0947\">\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0906\u092f (NI) \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0923\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0924\u0930\u0940\u0915\u0947<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-31\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%b7%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%9f%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%b0%e0%a5%80%e0%a4%af-%e0%a4%86%e0%a4%af\/#%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%BF_Income_Method\" title=\"\u0906\u092f \u0935\u093f\u0927\u093f (Income Method)\">\u0906\u092f \u0935\u093f\u0927\u093f (Income Method)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-32\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%b7%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%9f%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%b0%e0%a5%80%e0%a4%af-%e0%a4%86%e0%a4%af\/#%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6_%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%BF_Product_or_Value_Added_Method\" title=\"\u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926 \u092f\u093e \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0935\u093f\u0927\u093f (Product or Value Added Method)\">\u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926 \u092f\u093e \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0935\u093f\u0927\u093f (Product or Value Added Method)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-33\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%b7%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%9f%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%b0%e0%a5%80%e0%a4%af-%e0%a4%86%e0%a4%af\/#%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%BF_Expenditure_Method\" title=\"\u0935\u094d\u092f\u092f \u0935\u093f\u0927\u093f (Expenditure Method)\">\u0935\u094d\u092f\u092f \u0935\u093f\u0927\u093f (Expenditure Method)<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-34\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%b7%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%9f%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%b0%e0%a5%80%e0%a4%af-%e0%a4%86%e0%a4%af\/#%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%88_%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%83%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%96%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE\" title=\"\u0928\u0908 \u091c\u0940\u0921\u0940\u092a\u0940 \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0943\u0902\u0916\u0932\u093e\">\u0928\u0908 \u091c\u0940\u0921\u0940\u092a\u0940 \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0943\u0902\u0916\u0932\u093e<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-35\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%b7%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%9f%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%b0%e0%a5%80%e0%a4%af-%e0%a4%86%e0%a4%af\/#%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%AF_NI_%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%87_%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%82_%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%A0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%81\" title=\"\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0906\u092f (NI) \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0932\u0917\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0920\u093f\u0928\u093e\u0907\u092f\u093e\u0901\">\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0906\u092f (NI) \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0932\u0917\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0920\u093f\u0928\u093e\u0907\u092f\u093e\u0901<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-36\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%b7%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%9f%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%b0%e0%a5%80%e0%a4%af-%e0%a4%86%e0%a4%af\/#%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%A0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%81\" title=\"\u0935\u0948\u091a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u0920\u093f\u0928\u093e\u0907\u092f\u093e\u0901\">\u0935\u0948\u091a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u0920\u093f\u0928\u093e\u0907\u092f\u093e\u0901<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-37\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%b7%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%9f%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%b0%e0%a5%80%e0%a4%af-%e0%a4%86%e0%a4%af\/#%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%96%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%A0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%81\" title=\"\u0938\u093e\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093f\u0915\u0940\u092f \u092f\u093e \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0935\u0939\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u0920\u093f\u0928\u093e\u0907\u092f\u093e\u0901\">\u0938\u093e\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093f\u0915\u0940\u092f \u092f\u093e \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0935\u0939\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u0920\u093f\u0928\u093e\u0907\u092f\u093e\u0901<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-38\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%b7%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%9f%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%b0%e0%a5%80%e0%a4%af-%e0%a4%86%e0%a4%af\/#%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%81\" title=\"\u091c\u0940\u0921\u0940\u092a\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u092e\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901\">\u091c\u0940\u0921\u0940\u092a\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u092e\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-39\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%b7%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%9f%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%b0%e0%a5%80%e0%a4%af-%e0%a4%86%e0%a4%af\/#%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%87_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AA\" title=\"\u091c\u0940\u0921\u0940\u092a\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0932\u094d\u092a\">\u091c\u0940\u0921\u0940\u092a\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0932\u094d\u092a<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-40\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%b7%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%9f%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%b0%e0%a5%80%e0%a4%af-%e0%a4%86%e0%a4%af\/#%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%95_GPI\" title=\"\u0935\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0917\u0924\u093f \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0915\u093e\u0902\u0915 (GPI)\">\u0935\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0917\u0924\u093f \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0915\u093e\u0902\u0915 (GPI)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-41\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%b7%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%9f%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%b0%e0%a5%80%e0%a4%af-%e0%a4%86%e0%a4%af\/#%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%96%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%80_GNH\" title=\"\u0938\u0915\u0932 \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0916\u0941\u0936\u0939\u093e\u0932\u0940 (GNH)\">\u0938\u0915\u0932 \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0916\u0941\u0936\u0939\u093e\u0932\u0940 (GNH)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-42\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%b7%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%9f%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%b0%e0%a5%80%e0%a4%af-%e0%a4%86%e0%a4%af\/#%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8_%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6_GSDP\" title=\"\u0938\u0915\u0932 \u0938\u0924\u0924 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926 (GSDP)\">\u0938\u0915\u0932 \u0938\u0924\u0924 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926 (GSDP)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-43\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%b7%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%9f%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%b0%e0%a5%80%e0%a4%af-%e0%a4%86%e0%a4%af\/#%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%B5_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%95_HDI\" title=\"\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0915\u093e\u0902\u0915 (HDI)\">\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0915\u093e\u0902\u0915 (HDI)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-44\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%b7%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%9f%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%b0%e0%a5%80%e0%a4%af-%e0%a4%86%e0%a4%af\/#%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%95_SPI\" title=\"\u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0917\u0924\u093f \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0915\u093e\u0902\u0915 (SPI)\">\u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0917\u0924\u093f \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0915\u093e\u0902\u0915 (SPI)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-45\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%b7%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%9f%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%b0%e0%a5%80%e0%a4%af-%e0%a4%86%e0%a4%af\/#%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%B5_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%81%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%95_Human_Capital_Index_%E2%80%93_HCI\" title=\"\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935 \u092a\u0942\u0901\u091c\u0940 \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0915\u093e\u0902\u0915 (Human Capital Index &#8211; HCI)\">\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935 \u092a\u0942\u0901\u091c\u0940 \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0915\u093e\u0902\u0915 (Human Capital Index &#8211; HCI)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-46\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%b7%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%9f%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%b0%e0%a5%80%e0%a4%af-%e0%a4%86%e0%a4%af\/#%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%80_Green_GDP\" title=\"\u0939\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u091c\u0940\u0921\u0940\u092a\u0940 (Green GDP)\">\u0939\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u091c\u0940\u0921\u0940\u092a\u0940 (Green GDP)<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-47\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%b7%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%9f%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%b0%e0%a5%80%e0%a4%af-%e0%a4%86%e0%a4%af\/#%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%9B%E0%A5%87_%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%87_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%87_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A8\" title=\"\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0906\u092f \u092a\u0930 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f\u0924: \u092a\u0942\u091b\u0947 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928\">\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0906\u092f \u092a\u0930 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f\u0924: \u092a\u0942\u091b\u0947 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-48\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%b7%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%9f%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%b0%e0%a5%80%e0%a4%af-%e0%a4%86%e0%a4%af\/#%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%A3%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%87_%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%87_%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%82\" title=\"\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0906\u092f \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0923\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902?\">\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0906\u092f \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0923\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-49\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%b7%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%9f%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%b0%e0%a5%80%e0%a4%af-%e0%a4%86%e0%a4%af\/#%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%A3%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8C%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%88\" title=\"\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0940 \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0906\u092f \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0923\u0928\u093e \u0915\u094c\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948?\">\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0940 \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0906\u092f \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0923\u0928\u093e \u0915\u094c\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948?<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-e8a83d11b401aab983c9fcefdce86aca\" style=\"color:#015aa7\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%88\"><\/span><strong>\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0906\u092f \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948?<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092f\u0939 \u090f\u0915 \u0928\u093f\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0905\u0935\u0927\u093f (\u0906\u092e\u0924\u094c\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u090f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937) \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0926\u0947\u0936 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u093f\u0924 \u0938\u092d\u0940 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u093f\u092e \u0935\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0913\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u0941\u0932 \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0902\u0926\u0930\u094d\u092d\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-163ca98712ba6d1e45ab60860ce44fba\" style=\"color:#015aa7\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%96%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%88\"><\/span><strong>\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0906\u092f \u0932\u0947\u0916\u093e\u0902\u0915\u0928 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948?<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092f\u0939 \u090f\u0915 \u0932\u0947\u0916\u093e\u0902\u0915\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0928\u093f\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0938\u092e\u092f\u093e\u0935\u0927\u093f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0917\u0924\u093f\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u0915\u094b \u092e\u093e\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-b3a07000b918e9de06a5552abef71ae0\" style=\"color:#ff6a00\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%96%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%87_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A3%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%82\"><\/span><strong>\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0906\u092f \u0932\u0947\u0916\u093e\u0902\u0915\u0928 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u092c\u0941\u0928\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0926\u0940 \u0905\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0923\u093e\u090f\u0902<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0906\u092f (NI) \u0914\u0930 \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0906\u092f \u0932\u0947\u0916\u093e\u0902\u0915\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u092e\u091d\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0915\u0941\u091b \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0905\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u092e\u091d\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B9\"><\/span><strong>\u0906\u092f \u0915\u093e \u091a\u0915\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u093e\u0939<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0906\u092f \u0915\u093e \u091a\u0915\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u093e\u0939 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0906\u092f, \u0935\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0913\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u093e\u0939 \u0915\u094b \u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u092e\u0949\u0921\u0932 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u092e\u0949\u0921\u0932 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902, \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0915\u093f \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902, \u092b\u0930\u094d\u092e\u094b\u0902, \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u0947\u0936\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u0932\u0947\u0928\u0926\u0947\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938 \u092e\u0949\u0921\u0932 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930, <strong>\u0935\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u092a\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0935\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0913\u0902 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u093e\u0939<\/strong> \u0935\u093f\u092a\u0930\u0940\u0924 \u0926\u093f\u0936\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0902 ,\u091c\u094b\u0915\u093f \u090f\u0915<strong> \u092c\u0902\u0926 \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0915\u093f\u091f<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0902\u091a\u0932\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928, \u0916\u092a\u0924 \u0914\u0930 \u0928\u093f\u0935\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0917\u0924\u093f\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0907\u0928 \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0917\u0924\u093f\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0932\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0928 \u0932\u094b\u0917 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u0932\u0947\u0928-\u0926\u0947\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0907\u0928 \u0932\u0947\u0928-\u0926\u0947\u0928 \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0906\u092f \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u092f \u0915\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u091a\u0915\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0947 \u0939\u0940 \u0906\u092f \u0915\u093e \u091a\u0915\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u093e\u0939 \u0915\u0939\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E0%A4%98%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%82_%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B7%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0_DomesticEconomic_Territory\"><\/span><strong>\u0918\u0930\u0947\u0932\u0942 \/\u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 (Domestic\/Economic Territory)<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092f\u0939 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u093e\u0938\u093f\u0924 \u092d\u094c\u0917\u094b\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0902\u0926\u0930\u094d\u092d\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u094d\u0917\u0924 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f, \u0935\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u090f\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u0942\u0902\u091c\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u093e\u0939\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0928\u094b\u091f<\/strong>: \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u0947\u0936\u0940 \u0926\u0942\u0924\u093e\u0935\u093e\u0938 \u0918\u0930\u0947\u0932\u0942\/\u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u0939\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0938\u093e \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0939\u093e\u0932\u093e\u0901\u0915\u093f, \u0935\u093f\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0926\u0942\u0924\u093e\u0935\u093e\u0938 \u0918\u0930\u0947\u0932\u0942\/\u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u0939\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0938\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF_MP\"><\/span><strong>\u092c\u093e\u091c\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f (MP)<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u092c\u093e\u091c\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f (MP) \u0909\u0938 \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0902\u0926\u0930\u094d\u092d\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u094b \u0909\u092a\u092d\u094b\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0924\u093e \u0938\u0947 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926 \u0916\u0930\u0940\u0926\u0924\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092d\u0941\u0917\u0924\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0926\u0942\u0938\u0930\u0947 \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902, \u092f\u0939 \u0935\u0939 \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u093f\u0938 \u092a\u0930 <strong>\u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926 \u0915\u094b \u092c\u093e\u091c\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u0947\u091a\u093e<\/strong> \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u092c\u093e\u091c\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f (MP) \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0915\u0930 \u0936\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0939\u0948\u0902 (\u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902\u0915\u093f \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u093e\u0927\u0928 \u0932\u093e\u0917\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u094b\u0921\u093c\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948) \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0938\u092c\u094d\u0938\u093f\u0921\u0940 \u0915\u094b \u092c\u093e\u0939\u0930 \u0930\u0916\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 (\u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902\u0915\u093f \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u093e\u0927\u0928 \u0932\u093e\u0917\u0924 \u0938\u0947 \u0918\u091f\u093e\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948)\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%A4_FC\"><\/span><strong>\u0938\u093e\u0927\u0928 \u0932\u093e\u0917\u0924 (FC)<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0938\u093e\u0927\u0928 \u0932\u093e\u0917\u0924 (FC) \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0932\u093e\u0917\u0924 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0902\u0926\u0930\u094d\u092d\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u094b \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u092b\u0930\u094d\u092e \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0935\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0913\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u0935\u094d\u092f\u092f \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0926\u0942\u0938\u0930\u0947 \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902, \u092f\u0939 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940<strong> \u0935\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941 \u092f\u093e \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928<\/strong> \u0915\u0940 \u0932\u093e\u0917\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0938\u093e\u0927\u0928 \u0932\u093e\u0917\u0924 (FC) \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u0905\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0915\u0930<\/strong> \u0936\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 (\u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902\u0915\u093f \u0935\u0947 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902) \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 <strong>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0938\u092c\u094d\u0938\u093f\u0921\u0940<\/strong> \u0936\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948 (\u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902\u0915\u093f \u092f\u0947 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0907\u0928\u092a\u0941\u091f \u0939\u0948\u0902)\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0938\u093e\u0927\u0928 \u0932\u093e\u0917\u0924 (FC) = \u092c\u093e\u091c\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f &#8211; \u0905\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0915\u0930 + \u0938\u092c\u094d\u0938\u093f\u0921\u0940<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF_Nominal_Price_or_Current_Price\"><\/span><strong>\u0938\u093e\u0902\u0915\u0947\u0924\u093f\u0915\u00a0\u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f \u092f\u093e \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f (Nominal Price or Current Price)<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0935\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941 \u092f\u093e \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e \u0915\u093e \u091a\u093e\u0932\u0942 \u0935\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0924 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u093e\u091c\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f, \u0928\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f \u092f\u093e \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f (Nominal Price or Current Price) \u0915\u0939\u0932\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u091a\u0942\u0902\u0915\u093f \u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0938\u094d\u092b\u0940\u0924\u093f \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u092c\u093e\u091c\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0936\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u0928\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f \u092f\u093e \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f \u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0938\u094d\u092b\u0940\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0930\u0939\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF_Base_Price_or_Constant_Price\"><\/span><strong>\u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f \u092f\u093e \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0930 \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f (Base Price or Constant Price)<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0935\u093f\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0906\u092f \u0915\u0940 \u0924\u0941\u0932\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0923\u0928\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u0926\u0930\u094d\u092d \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938 \u0938\u0902\u0926\u0930\u094d\u092d \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u0915\u094b \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u0915\u0939\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0914\u0930 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0935\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941 \u092f\u093e \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e \u0915\u093e \u092c\u093e\u091c\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f \u092f\u093e \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0930 \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0939\u0932\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8_Depreciation\"><\/span><strong>\u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f\u0939\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0938 (Depreciation)<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f\u0939\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0938, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u092a\u0942\u0902\u091c\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0916\u092a\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091f\u0942\u091f-\u092b\u0942\u091f, \u0906\u0915\u0938\u094d\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0924\u093f \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u092a\u094d\u0930\u091a\u0932\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0905\u091a\u0932 \u0938\u0902\u092a\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0939\u093e\u0928\u093f \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0902\u0926\u0930\u094d\u092d\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%82_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%87_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%AF_NFIA\"><\/span><strong>\u0935\u093f\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093f\u0924<\/strong> <strong>\u0928\u093f\u0935\u0932 \u0906\u092f (NFIA)<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0935\u093f\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0928\u093f\u0935\u0932 \u0906\u092f (NFIA) \u0935\u093f\u0926\u0947\u0936 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092f\u0940 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0930\u0939\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0928\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0938\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0905\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0915 \u0906\u092f (\u0915\u093f\u0930\u093e\u092f\u093e, \u0935\u0947\u0924\u0928, \u092c\u094d\u092f\u093e\u091c \u0914\u0930 \u0932\u093e\u092d) \u0914\u0930 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092f\u0940 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0930\u0939\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0917\u0948\u0930-\u0928\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0938\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0905\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0915 \u0906\u092f \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0902\u0926\u0930\u094d\u092d\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>\u0935\u093f\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0928\u093f\u0935\u0932 \u0906\u092f (NFIA) = \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093f\u0924 \u0906\u092f &#8211; \u0935\u093f\u0926\u0947\u0936\u0940 \u0928\u093e\u0917\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093f\u0924 \u0906\u092f<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A3_%E0%A4%AD%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8_Transfer_Payments\"><\/span><strong>\u0939\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0902\u0924\u0930\u0923 \u092d\u0941\u0917\u0924\u093e\u0928 (Transfer Payments)<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0939\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0902\u0924\u0930\u0923 \u092d\u0941\u0917\u0924\u093e\u0928 \u0909\u0928 \u090f\u0915\u0924\u0930\u092b\u093e \u092d\u0941\u0917\u0924\u093e\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0902\u0926\u0930\u094d\u092d\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u093f\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0926\u0932\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0913\u0902 \u092f\u093e \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0935\u093f\u0928\u093f\u092e\u092f \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0909\u0926\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0923: \u091b\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0935\u0943\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093f, \u0909\u092a\u0939\u093e\u0930, \u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0906\u0926\u093f\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0939\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0902\u0924\u0930\u0923 \u092d\u0941\u0917\u0924\u093e\u0928 \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0906\u092f (NI) \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0936\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%81%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A4_Capital_Output_Ratio_%E2%80%93_COR\"><\/span><strong>\u092a\u0942\u0901\u091c\u0940 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092a\u093e\u0924 (Capital Output Ratio &#8211; COR)<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092a\u0942\u0902\u091c\u0940 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092a\u093e\u0924 (\u0938\u0940\u0913\u0906\u0930) \u090f\u0915 \u0907\u0915\u093e\u0908 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915 \u092a\u0942\u0902\u091c\u0940 (\u0928\u093f\u0935\u0947\u0936) \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0902\u0926\u0930\u094d\u092d\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>\u092a\u0942\u0902\u091c\u0940 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092a\u093e\u0924 (COR) = \u092a\u0942\u0902\u091c\u0940 \/ \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u092a\u0942\u0902\u091c\u0940 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092a\u093e\u0924 (COR)<\/strong> \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u0926\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930<\/strong> \u0915\u094b \u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0938\u0940\u0913\u0906\u0930 \u091c\u093f\u0924\u0928\u093e \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0909\u0924\u0928\u0940 \u0939\u0940 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u0942\u0902\u091c\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u0914\u0930 \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u092e \u0926\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0924\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u0914\u0930 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u092a\u0930\u0940\u0924 \u092d\u0940\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%83%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A4_Incremental_Capital_Output_Ratio_%E2%80%93_ICOR\"><\/span><strong>\u0935\u0943\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f\u0936\u0940\u0932 \u092a\u0942\u0902\u091c\u0940 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092a\u093e\u0924 (Incremental Capital Output Ratio &#8211; ICOR)<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0935\u0943\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f\u0936\u0940\u0932 \u092a\u0942\u0902\u091c\u0940 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092a\u093e\u0924 (ICOR) \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u090f\u0915 \u0905\u0924\u093f\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0907\u0915\u093e\u0908 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915 \u092a\u0942\u0902\u091c\u0940 (\u0928\u093f\u0935\u0947\u0936) \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0924\u093f\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0907\u0915\u093e\u0908 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0902\u0926\u0930\u094d\u092d\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>\u0935\u0943\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f\u0936\u0940\u0932 \u092a\u0942\u0902\u091c\u0940 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092a\u093e\u0924 (ICOR) = \u0935\u0943\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f\u0936\u0940\u0932 \u092a\u0942\u0902\u091c\u0940 \/ \u0935\u0943\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f\u0936\u0940\u0932 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-dd98eed9f1c679c9fe99f6b67ba71fd5\" style=\"color:#015aa7\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%AF_NI_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%87_%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%A8\"><\/span><strong>\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0906\u092f (NI) \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u092a\u0928<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0906\u092f (NI) \u0915\u094b \u092e\u093e\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0935\u093f\u0927\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0938\u0915\u0932 \u0918\u0930\u0947\u0932\u0942 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926 (GDP)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0938\u0915\u0932 \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926 (GNP), \u0906\u0926\u093f<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0907\u0928 \u0909\u092a\u093e\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u0906\u0917\u093e\u092e\u0940 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092d\u093e\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u091a\u0930\u094d\u091a\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0908 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-fb15d79caccd31ad2fa441813eba45d5\" style=\"color:#ff6a00\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%98%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%82_%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6_GDP\"><\/span><strong>\u0938\u0915\u0932 \u0918\u0930\u0947\u0932\u0942 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926 (GDP)<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0938\u0915\u0932 \u0918\u0930\u0947\u0932\u0942 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926 (GDP)<\/strong> \u090f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u094c\u0930\u093e\u0928 \u0918\u0930\u0947\u0932\u0942 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u092d\u0940\u0924\u0930 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 <strong>\u0905\u0902\u0924\u093f\u092e \u0935\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0913\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e\u0913\u0902<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u0941\u0932 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u092e\u093e\u092a\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u092f\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u0926\u094b \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0935\u093e\u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0902\u0936 \u0939\u0948\u0902:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0905\u0902\u0924\u093f\u092e \u0935\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u090f\u0901 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e\u090f\u0902:<\/strong> \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0924\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u091c\u0940\u0921\u0940\u092a\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0923\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u093f\u092e \u0935\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0913\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0939\u0940 \u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0930\u0916\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0940 \u0935\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0913\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0918\u0930\u0947\u0932\u0942 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u092d\u0940\u0924\u0930<\/strong>: \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0909\u0938 \u092d\u094c\u0917\u094b\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u092d\u0940\u0924\u0930 \u0930\u0939\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0938\u0940 \u0928\u093e\u0917\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925-\u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u0947\u0936\u0940 \u0928\u093e\u0917\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u092d\u0940 \u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0930\u0916\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%98%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%82_%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6_GDPMP\"><\/span><strong>\u092c\u093e\u091c\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f \u092a\u0930 \u0938\u0915\u0932 \u0918\u0930\u0947\u0932\u0942 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926 (GDPMP)<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092c\u093e\u091c\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f \u092a\u0930 \u0938\u0915\u0932 \u0918\u0930\u0947\u0932\u0942 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926 (GDPMP) \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u0947 \u0918\u0930\u0947\u0932\u0942 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u092d\u0940\u0924\u0930 \u090f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u094c\u0930\u093e\u0928 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u093f\u0924 \u0938\u092d\u0940 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u093f\u092e \u0935\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0913\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u092c\u093e\u091c\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092c\u093e\u091c\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f \u092a\u0930 \u0938\u0915\u0932 \u0918\u0930\u0947\u0932\u0942 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926 (GDPMP) \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u0905\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0915\u0930 \u0936\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 \u0938\u092c\u094d\u0938\u093f\u0921\u0940 \u0915\u094b \u091b\u094b\u0921\u093c \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%98%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%82_%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6_GDPFC\"><\/span><strong>\u0938\u093e\u0927\u0928 \u0932\u093e\u0917\u0924 \u092a\u0930 \u0938\u0915\u0932 \u0918\u0930\u0947\u0932\u0942 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926 (GDPFC)<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0938\u093e\u0927\u0928 \u0932\u093e\u0917\u0924 \u092a\u0930 \u0938\u0915\u0932 \u0918\u0930\u0947\u0932\u0942 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926 (GDPFC) \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0924 \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f, \u0936\u094d\u0930\u092e, \u092a\u0942\u0901\u091c\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u0926\u094d\u092f\u092e\u093f\u0924\u093e \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093f\u0924 \u0906\u092f \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u0941\u0932 \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0902\u0926\u0930\u094d\u092d\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0938\u093e\u0927\u0928 \u0932\u093e\u0917\u0924 \u092a\u0930 \u0938\u0915\u0932 \u0918\u0930\u0947\u0932\u0942 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926 (GDPFC) \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u0905\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0915\u0930\u094b\u0902 <\/strong>\u0915\u094b \u0936\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 <strong>\u0938\u092c\u094d\u0938\u093f\u0921\u0940 <\/strong>\u0915\u094b \u0936\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>\u0938\u093e\u0927\u0928 \u0932\u093e\u0917\u0924 \u092a\u0930 \u0938\u0915\u0932 \u0918\u0930\u0947\u0932\u0942 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926 (GDPFC) = \u092c\u093e\u091c\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f \u092a\u0930 \u0938\u0915\u0932 \u0918\u0930\u0947\u0932\u0942 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926 (GDPMP) &#8211; \u0905\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0915\u0930 + \u0938\u092c\u094d\u0938\u093f\u0921\u0940<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-f279ed9425a51c81ee98f8597b2b0830\" style=\"color:#ff6a00\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6_GNP\"><\/span><strong>\u0938\u0915\u0932 \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926 (GNP)<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0938\u0915\u0932 \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926 (GNP) \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0928\u093f\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0905\u0935\u0927\u093f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 <strong>\u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093e\u0917\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0935<\/strong> \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0927\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u093f\u0924 \u0938\u092d\u0940 <strong>\u0905\u0902\u0924\u093f\u092e \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u0941\u0932 \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f<\/strong> \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u092f\u0939\u093e\u0902 \u0926\u094b \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0935\u093e\u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0902\u0936 \u0939\u0948\u0902:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0905\u0902\u0924\u093f\u092e \u0935\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u090f\u0901 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e\u090f\u0901<\/strong>: \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0924\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u091c\u0940\u090f\u0928\u092a\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0923\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u093f\u092e \u0935\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0913\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0939\u0940 \u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0930\u0916\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0928 \u0915\u093f \u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0940 \u0915\u094b\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093e\u0917\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u092e\u0947\u0902<\/strong>: \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0938\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u0917\u0948\u0930-\u0928\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0938\u0940 \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0928\u093e\u0917\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u0917\u0923\u0928\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0936\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u092c\u0915\u093f \u0909\u0938 \u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u0940 \u092d\u094c\u0917\u094b\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u092d\u0940\u0924\u0930 \u0930\u0939\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u0947\u0936\u0940 \u0928\u093e\u0917\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u0936\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>\u0907\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930, \u091c\u0940\u090f\u0928\u092a\u0940 = \u091c\u0940\u0921\u0940\u092a\u0940 + \u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0938\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0939\u0930 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093f\u0924 \u0906\u092f &#8211; \u0917\u0948\u0930- \u0928\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0938\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u092d\u0940\u0924\u0930 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093f\u0924 \u0906\u092f\u0964<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>= \u091c\u0940\u0921\u0940\u092a\u0940 + \u0935\u093f\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0928\u093f\u0935\u0932 \u0906\u092f (NFIA)<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-751ba9a0d3f9a376e0f9e6e46a61b0f4\" style=\"color:#ff6a00\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%94%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%87_%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%9A_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%B0_Difference_between_GDP_and_GNP\"><\/span><strong>\u091c\u0940\u0921\u0940\u092a\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u091c\u0940\u090f\u0928\u092a\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930 (Difference between GDP and GNP)<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u091c\u0940\u0921\u0940\u092a\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u091c\u0940\u090f\u0928\u092a\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930 \u092f\u0939 \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u092f\u0947 \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0905\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0923\u093e\u090f\u0902 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0915\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u092d\u093e\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u091c\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u091c\u0940\u0921\u0940\u092a\u0940 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0928\u094d\u0926\u0930\u094d\u092d \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u092d\u093e\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u0935\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u091c\u0940\u090f\u0928\u092a\u0940 \u0907\u0938\u0947 \u0928\u093e\u0917\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0928\u094d\u0926\u0930\u094d\u092d \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u092d\u093e\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0907\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930, <strong>\u091c\u0940\u0921\u0940\u092a\u0940 \u0918\u0930\u0947\u0932\u0942 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u092d\u0940\u0924\u0930 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 <strong>\u0905\u0902\u0924\u093f\u092e \u0935\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0913\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u0941\u0932 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928<\/strong> \u0915\u094b \u092e\u093e\u092a\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0926\u0942\u0938\u0930\u0940 \u0913\u0930, \u091c\u0940\u090f\u0928\u092a\u0940 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 <strong>\u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093e\u0917\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094b\u0902<\/strong> \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u093f\u0924 \u0938\u092d\u0940 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u093f\u092e \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u0941\u0932 \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f \u0915\u094b \u092e\u093e\u092a\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-3b219866b091220d234b20da8ba3aa8b\" style=\"color:#ff6a00\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%80_Real_GDP_Vs_Nominal_GDP\"><\/span><strong>\u0935\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u091c\u0940\u0921\u0940\u092a\u0940 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u092e \u0938\u093e\u0902\u0915\u0947\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u091c\u0940\u0921\u0940\u092a\u0940 (Real GDP Vs Nominal GDP)<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%80_Real_GDP\"><\/span><strong>\u0935\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u091c\u0940\u0921\u0940\u092a\u0940 (Real GDP)<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0935\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u091c\u0940\u0921\u0940\u092a\u0940 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u093f\u0924 \u0938\u092d\u0940 \u0935\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0913\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u0941\u0932 \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0902\u0926\u0930\u094d\u092d\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u094b \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0926\u093f\u090f \u0917\u090f \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0930 \u0915\u0940\u092e\u0924\u094b\u0902 \u092f\u093e \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u0940\u092e\u0924\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0907\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930, <strong>\u0935\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u091c\u0940\u0921\u0940\u092a\u0940 = \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0930 \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f \u092a\u0930 \u091c\u0940\u0921\u0940\u092a\u0940\u0964<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%80_Nominal_GDP\"><\/span><strong>\u0938\u093e\u0902\u0915\u0947\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u091c\u0940\u0921\u0940\u092a\u0940 (Nominal GDP)<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0938\u093e\u0902\u0915\u0947\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u091c\u0940\u0921\u0940\u092a\u0940 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u093f\u0924 \u0938\u092d\u0940 \u0935\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0913\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u0941\u0932 \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0902\u0926\u0930\u094d\u092d\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u094b \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0926\u093f\u090f \u0917\u090f \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u092c\u093e\u091c\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0940\u092e\u0924\u094b\u0902 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0924\u094d \u091a\u093e\u0932\u0942 \u0915\u0940\u092e\u0924\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0907\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930, \u0938\u093e\u0902\u0915\u0947\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u091c\u0940\u0921\u0940\u092a\u0940 = \u091a\u093e\u0932\u0942 \u0915\u0940\u092e\u0924\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u091c\u0940\u0921\u0940\u092a\u0940\u0964<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092f\u0939 \u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091a\u093e\u0939\u093f\u090f \u0915\u093f \u0938\u093e\u0902\u0915\u0947\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u091c\u0940\u0921\u0940\u092a\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0938\u094d\u092b\u0940\u0924\u093f \u0936\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u092c\u0915\u093f \u0935\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u091c\u0940\u0921\u0940\u092a\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-7dbbcc0777206e9959856116e19c786a\" style=\"color:#ff6a00\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF_%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%95_GDP_Deflator\"><\/span><strong>\u091c\u0940\u0921\u0940\u092a\u0940 \u0905\u092a\u0938\u094d\u092b\u0940\u0924\u093f \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0915 (GDP Deflator)<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u091c\u0940\u0921\u0940\u092a\u0940 \u0905\u092a\u0938\u094d\u092b\u0940\u0924\u093f \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0915 <strong>\u0938\u093e\u0902\u0915\u0947\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u091c\u0940\u0921\u0940\u092a\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u091c\u0940\u0921\u0940\u092a\u0940 <\/strong>\u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092a\u093e\u0924 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0902\u0926\u0930\u094d\u092d\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930, <strong>\u091c\u0940\u0921\u0940\u092a\u0940 \u0905\u092a\u0938\u094d\u092b\u0940\u0924\u093f \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0915 = \u0938\u093e\u0902\u0915\u0947\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u091c\u0940\u0921\u0940\u092a\u0940 \/ \u0935\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u091c\u0940\u0921\u0940\u092a\u0940<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u091a\u093e\u0932\u0942 \u0915\u0940\u092e\u0924\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0940\u092e\u0924\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u0917\u0923\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0908 \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0906\u092f \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092a\u093e\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902, \u091c\u0940\u0921\u0940\u092a\u0940 \u0905\u092a\u0938\u094d\u092b\u0940\u0924\u093f \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0915 \u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0938\u094d\u092b\u0940\u0924\u093f \u0915\u093e <strong>\u090f\u0915 \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u0948\u092e\u093e\u0928\u093e<\/strong> \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-cf1613f44dfe218f8c6b32197ebe3af8\" style=\"color:#ff6a00\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A4_GVA\"><\/span><strong>\u0938\u0915\u0932 \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0927\u093f\u0924 (GVA)<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0938\u0915\u0932 \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0927\u093f\u0924 (GVA) \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0908 \u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0940 \u0935\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0913\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f \u0915\u094b \u0918\u091f\u093e\u0915\u0930 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u093f\u0924 \u0935\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0913\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f \u0915\u094b \u092e\u093e\u092a\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0936\u094d\u0930\u092e \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u0942\u0902\u091c\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u092f\u094b\u0917\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f, GVA \u0915\u093e \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f GDP \u0938\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u093e\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948: <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>GVA = GDP &#8211; \u0905\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0915\u0930 + \u0938\u092c\u094d\u0938\u093f\u0921\u0940<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-70330f7c5969a6e92e097c966e5f02a6\" style=\"color:#015aa7\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%98%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%82_%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6_GDP_%E0%A4%94%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A4_GVA_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%87_%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%9A_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%B0\"><\/span><strong>\u0938\u0915\u0932 \u0918\u0930\u0947\u0932\u0942 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926 (GDP) \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0915\u0932 \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0927\u093f\u0924 (GVA) \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-background\" style=\"background-color:#ebecf0\"><thead><tr><th>\u0938\u0915\u0932 \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0927\u093f\u0924 (GVA)<\/th><th>\u0938\u0915\u0932 \u0918\u0930\u0947\u0932\u0942 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926 (GDP)<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>&#8211; \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u0947 \u092d\u0940\u0924\u0930 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u093f\u0924 \u0938\u092d\u0940 \u0935\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0913\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f \u0938\u0947 \u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0940 \u0935\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0913\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f \u0915\u094b \u0918\u091f\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f<\/td><td>&#8211; \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092d\u0940\u0924\u0930 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u093f\u0924 \u0938\u092d\u0940 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u093f\u092e \u0935\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0913\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u092c\u093e\u091c\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>&#8211; \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0907\u0928\u092a\u0941\u091f \u092f\u093e \u0906\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093e \u092a\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/td><td>&#8211; \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0906\u0909\u091f\u092a\u0941\u091f \u092f\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092d\u094b\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093e \u092a\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0917\u0923\u0928\u093e \u0906\u092e \u0924\u094c\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930-\u0935\u093e\u0930 \u0926\u0943\u0937\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0915\u094b\u0923 \u092a\u0930 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924\u0964\u0909\u0926\u093e. \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0925\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f GVA, \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0924\u0940\u092f\u0915 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f GVA, \u0906\u0926\u093f\u0964<\/td><td>\u0938\u092e\u094d\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0917\u0923\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 (\u0938\u092e\u094d\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u0915\u0940 GDP = \u0938\u092d\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e GVA)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>&#8211; \u0906\u092e \u0924\u094c\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u092e\u0942\u0932 \u0915\u0940\u092e\u0924\u094b\u0902 (Basic Prices) \u092a\u0930 \u0917\u0923\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/td><td>&#8211; \u0906\u092e \u0924\u094c\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u092c\u093e\u091c\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u0917\u0923\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-79e158258d97ab4467f2f5180540f790\" style=\"color:#015aa7\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A7_%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%AF_NNI\"><\/span><strong>\u0936\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0906\u092f (NNI)<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0936\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0906\u092f (NNI) \u0915\u093e \u0924\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f, \u0938\u0915\u0932 \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0906\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u091a\u0932 \u092a\u0942\u0901\u091c\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u092a\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f\u0939\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u094b \u0918\u091f\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0906\u092f \u0938\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930, \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u094d\u0917\u0924 \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f\u0939\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0928\u0941\u0915\u0938\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0930\u0916\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0936\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0906\u092f (NNI) \u0915\u094b \u092e\u093e\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0924\u0930\u0940\u0915\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0936\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0918\u0930\u0947\u0932\u0942 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926 (NDP)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0936\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926 (NNP)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-dad1644a1642d7d2f37eca6e6bde9770\" style=\"color:#ff6a00\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A7_%E0%A4%98%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%82_%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6_NDP\"><\/span><strong>\u0936\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0918\u0930\u0947\u0932\u0942 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926 (NDP)<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0936\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0918\u0930\u0947\u0932\u0942 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926 \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u092d\u093f\u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092f \u0938\u0915\u0932 \u0918\u0930\u0947\u0932\u0942 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926 (GDP) \u0938\u0947 \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f\u0939\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0938 \u0918\u091f\u093e\u0915\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926 \u0938\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>\u0936\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0918\u0930\u0947\u0932\u0942 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926 = \u0938\u0915\u0932 \u0918\u0930\u0947\u0932\u0942 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926 &#8211; \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f\u0939\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0938<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-c05cf289310b1cf87bf820af1028139f\" style=\"color:#ff6a00\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A7_%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6_NNP\"><\/span><strong>\u0936\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926 (NNP)<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0938\u0915\u0932 \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926 (GNP) \u0938\u0947 \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f\u0939\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0938 \u0918\u091f\u093e\u0915\u0930 \u0936\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926 (NNP) \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0923\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930, <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>\u0936\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926 = \u0938\u0915\u0932 \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926 &#8211; \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f\u0939\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0938<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-fa3a70c4b0f25969c7098e4f525bdae1\" style=\"color:#015aa7\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%AF_NI_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%A3%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%87_%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%87\"><\/span><strong>\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0906\u092f (NI) \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0923\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0924\u0930\u0940\u0915\u0947<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0906\u092f ( GDP \u092f\u093e GNP) \u0915\u0940 <strong>\u0917\u0923\u0928\u093e 3 \u0935\u093f\u0927\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 <\/strong>\u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948: \u0906\u092f \u0935\u093f\u0927\u093f, \u0935\u094d\u092f\u092f \u0935\u093f\u0927\u093f \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u0935\u093f\u0927\u093f\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-d1373d5a58fec79e30ea7a3bbd546361\" style=\"color:#ff6a00\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%BF_Income_Method\"><\/span><strong>\u0906\u092f \u0935\u093f\u0927\u093f (Income Method)<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0907\u0938 \u0935\u093f\u0927\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0924\u0939\u0924, \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u092d\u0940 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u092f \u0915\u094b \u091c\u094b\u0921\u093c\u0915\u0930 \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0906\u092f (NI) \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0923\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u092f\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u092a\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093f \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947, \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u092a\u0942\u0901\u091c\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u092f\u094b\u0917\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0915\u0947 \u0906\u092f \u0905\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0907\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0906\u092f (NI) = \u0915\u0930\u094d\u092e\u091a\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0930\u092e\u093f\u0915 + \u0915\u0949\u0930\u094d\u092a\u094b\u0930\u0947\u091f \u0932\u093e\u092d + \u0938\u094d\u0935\u092f\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u092f + \u0915\u093f\u0930\u093e\u092f\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u092f + \u0936\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u092c\u094d\u092f\u093e\u091c<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-4b62ed83d5874bdeb9ff75c33b02c9c4\" style=\"color:#ff6a00\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6_%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%BF_Product_or_Value_Added_Method\"><\/span><strong>\u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926 \u092f\u093e \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0935\u093f\u0927\u093f (Product or Value Added Method)<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0907\u0938\u0947 &#8220;<strong>\u0906\u0909\u091f\u092a\u0941\u091f \u0935\u093f\u0927\u093f<\/strong>&#8221; \u092d\u0940 \u0915\u0939\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938 \u0935\u093f\u0927\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0924\u0939\u0924, \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u094c\u0930\u093e\u0928 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u093f\u0924 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u092f\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0908 \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u091c\u094b\u0921\u093c\u0915\u0930 <strong>\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0906\u092f (NI)<\/strong> \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0923\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br>\u092f\u0939 \u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u0926\u0947\u0928\u0947 \u092f\u094b\u0917\u094d\u092f \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0906\u0909\u091f\u092a\u0941\u091f \u0906\u0902\u0915\u0921\u093c\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u092f, \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0947\u0915 \u092b\u0930\u094d\u092e \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u091c\u094b\u0921\u093c\u0947 \u0917\u090f \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f \u0915\u094b \u0939\u0940 \u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0930\u0916\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930, \u092f\u0939 \u0935\u093f\u0927\u093f <strong>\u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0923\u093e<\/strong> \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-7fbcab1b930fd997199e702649226c7b\" style=\"color:#ff6a00\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%BF_Expenditure_Method\"><\/span><strong>\u0935\u094d\u092f\u092f \u0935\u093f\u0927\u093f (Expenditure Method)<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0907\u0938\u0947 <strong>&#8216;\u0915\u0941\u0932 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u092f \u0935\u093f\u0927\u093f<\/strong>&#8216; \u092d\u0940 \u0915\u0939\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u0935\u093f\u0927\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u094d\u0917\u0924, \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0905\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093f\u0924 \u0906\u092f \u092f\u093e \u0924\u094b \u0909\u092a\u092d\u094b\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093e \u0935\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0913\u0902\/\u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u0916\u0930\u094d\u091a \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u092f\u093e \u092c\u091a\u0924 \u0914\u0930 \u0928\u093f\u0935\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0907\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930,<br><strong><em>\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0906\u092f (NI) = \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0917\u0924 \u0909\u092a\u092d\u094b\u0917 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u092f (C) + \u0928\u093f\u0935\u0947\u0936 (I) + \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u092f (G) + \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0924 (X) &#8211; \u0906\u092f\u093e\u0924 (I)\u0964<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-b46d078d7816aa3a4f474f676e1998cd\" style=\"color:#015aa7\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%88_%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%83%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%96%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE\"><\/span><strong>\u0928\u0908 \u091c\u0940\u0921\u0940\u092a\u0940 \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0943\u0902\u0916\u0932\u093e<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0938\u093e\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928\u094d\u0935\u092f\u0928 \u092e\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0932\u092f (MoSPI) \u0928\u0947 2019 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u0940\u0921\u0940\u092a\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u090f\u0915 \u0928\u0908 \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0943\u0902\u0916\u0932\u093e \u0936\u0941\u0930\u0942 \u0915\u0940\u0964<br><strong>\u091c\u0940\u0921\u0940\u092a\u0940 \u0917\u0923\u0928\u093e<\/strong> \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0926\u094d\u0927\u0924\u093f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u090f \u0917\u090f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0928 \u0907\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0939\u0948\u0902:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0928<\/strong>: \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 2004-05 \u0938\u0947 \u092c\u0926\u0932\u0915\u0930 2011-12 \u0915\u0930 \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0938\u093e\u0927\u0928 \u0932\u093e\u0917\u0924\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092c\u093e\u091c\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e<\/strong>: \u091c\u0940\u0921\u0940\u092a\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0941\u0930\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0943\u0902\u0916\u0932\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u0940\u0921\u0940\u092a\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0923\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0938\u093e\u0927\u0928 \u0932\u093e\u0917\u0924\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0925\u093e\u0964 \u0928\u0908 \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0943\u0902\u0916\u0932\u093e \u0928\u0947 \u091c\u0940\u0921\u0940\u092a\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0923\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092c\u093e\u091c\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0940\u092e\u0924\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0921\u0947\u091f\u093e \u092a\u0942\u0932 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0930<\/strong>: \u092a\u093f\u091b\u0932\u0947 \u0906\u0901\u0915\u0921\u093c\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0935\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0915 \u0914\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 (ASI) \u0938\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0925\u093e, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0932\u0917\u092d\u0917 \u0926\u094b \u0932\u093e\u0916 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0916\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0936\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0925\u0947\u0964 \u0928\u092f\u093e \u0921\u0947\u091f\u093e\u092c\u0947\u0938 \u0915\u0949\u0930\u094d\u092a\u094b\u0930\u0947\u091f \u092e\u093e\u092e\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0932\u092f (MCA21) \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u092a\u0902\u091c\u0940\u0915\u0943\u0924 \u0932\u0917\u092d\u0917 \u092a\u093e\u0901\u091a \u0932\u093e\u0916 \u0935\u093f\u0937\u092e \u0915\u0902\u092a\u0928\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u0915\u093e \u0921\u0947\u091f\u093e \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u092b\u093c\u0948\u0915\u094d\u091f\u0930\u0940-\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0924\u0938\u094d\u0935\u0940\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0925\u093e, \u091c\u092c\u0915\u093f \u0928\u092f\u093e \u0921\u0947\u091f\u093e \u090f\u0902\u091f\u0930\u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0907\u091c\u093c \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0906\u0901\u0915\u095c\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0907\u0928 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 <strong>\u091c\u0940\u0921\u0940\u092a\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0901\u0915\u0921\u093c\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090f\u0915 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923<\/strong> \u092c\u0926\u0932\u093e\u0935 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u0947 \u0917\u090f \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0909\u0926\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f, \u092a\u0941\u0930\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0917\u0923\u0928\u093e \u092a\u0926\u094d\u0927\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930 2013-14 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u0940\u0921\u0940\u092a\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u0926\u0930 4.7% \u0925\u0940, \u0914\u0930 \u0928\u0908 \u0917\u0923\u0928\u093e \u092a\u0926\u094d\u0927\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930 \u092f\u0939 6.9% \u0925\u0940\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-4737962b386738b99ade4e663fee65dc\" style=\"color:#015aa7\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%AF_NI_%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%87_%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%82_%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%A0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%81\"><\/span><strong>\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0906\u092f (NI) \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0932\u0917\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0920\u093f\u0928\u093e\u0907\u092f\u093e\u0901<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0906\u092f (NI) \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0932\u0917\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u0906\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0938\u092e\u0938\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092f\u0928 \u0926\u094b \u0936\u0940\u0930\u094d\u0937\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u094d\u0917\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 &#8211; \u0935\u0948\u091a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u0920\u093f\u0928\u093e\u0907\u092f\u093e\u0901 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u093e\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093f\u0915\u0940\u092f \u092f\u093e \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0935\u0939\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u0920\u093f\u0928\u093e\u0907\u092f\u093e\u0901\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-bfd3c0229ce3e983e114590e3aa59f96\" style=\"color:#ff6a00\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%A0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%81\"><\/span><strong>\u0935\u0948\u091a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u0920\u093f\u0928\u093e\u0907\u092f\u093e\u0901<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0935\u0948\u091a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u092e\u0938\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0907\u0938 \u092c\u093e\u0924 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0906\u092f (NI) \u0915\u094b \u092e\u093e\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0936\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u090f \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902\u0964 \u092f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u092a\u093f \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0906\u092f \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0923\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0924\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u093f\u0924 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0947\u0915 \u0935\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941 \u0915\u094b \u0917\u093f\u0928\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091a\u093e\u0939\u093f\u090f\u0964 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u092d\u093e\u0937\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930, \u0939\u092e \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u0909\u0928 \u091a\u0940\u091c\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u091c\u093f\u0928\u0915\u093e \u0927\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0926\u0932\u0947 \u0906\u0926\u093e\u0928-\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u092f\u093e \u091c\u093f\u0928\u0915\u093e \u0915\u0941\u091b \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0907\u0928 \u0915\u0920\u093f\u0928\u093e\u0907\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0915\u092e \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0906\u092f \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0907\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u0928 \u0918\u091f\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0936\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0928\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0941\u091b \u0926\u093f\u0936\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u090f \u0917\u090f \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-b6a4dde18e8c58c5993b31993cb4bdb7\" style=\"color:#ff6a00\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%96%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%A0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%81\"><\/span><strong>\u0938\u093e\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093f\u0915\u0940\u092f \u092f\u093e \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0935\u0939\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u0920\u093f\u0928\u093e\u0907\u092f\u093e\u0901<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0938\u093e\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093f\u0915\u0940\u092f \u0915\u0930\u094d\u092e\u091a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0938\u093e\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093f\u0915\u0940\u092f \u0906\u0901\u0915\u0921\u093c\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u092e\u0940 \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0906\u092f \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u091c\u091f\u093f\u0932 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0915\u0920\u093f\u0928 \u092c\u0928\u093e \u0926\u0947\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0906\u092f \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0923\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0906\u092f\u093e\u092e\u0940 \u0917\u0923\u0928\u093e \u092d\u0940 \u090f\u0915 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0938\u092e\u0938\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u090f\u0915 \u0910\u0938\u093e \u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u093f\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0935\u093f\u0935\u093f\u0927\u0924\u093e\u090f\u0901 \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0924 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0907\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930, \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u092d\u093e\u0937\u093e\u0913\u0902,\u0930\u0940\u0924\u0940-\u0930\u093f\u0935\u093e\u091c\u094b\u0902 \u0906\u0926\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u092d\u0940 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0932\u0917\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u092e\u0938\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-0c981f5bc8e7222beb3401786b5d348a\" style=\"color:#015aa7\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%81\"><\/span><strong>\u091c\u0940\u0921\u0940\u092a\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u092e\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u0915\u0947\u0924\u0915 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u0940\u0921\u0940\u092a\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0941\u091b \u0915\u092e\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u091c\u093f\u0928\u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0935\u0930\u0923 \u0928\u0940\u091a\u0947 \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948: <\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u092f\u0939 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 <strong>\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f<\/strong> \u0915\u094b \u092e\u093e\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u092b\u0932 \u0930\u0939\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930, \u092f\u0939 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0923\u0928 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0932\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0935\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0935 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u0938\u0947 \u0932\u093e\u092d \u0939\u094b \u0930\u0939\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u092f\u093e \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u094d\u0917\u0924 <strong>\u0938\u094d\u0935\u092f\u0902\u0938\u0947\u0935\u0940 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f<\/strong>, \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 <strong>\u0917\u0948\u0930-\u092c\u093e\u091c\u093c\u093e\u0930 \u0932\u0947\u0928\u0926\u0947\u0928<\/strong> \u0906\u0926\u093f \u0915\u094b \u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0930\u0916\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0915\u093e\u0932\u093e \u0927\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u0935\u0948\u0927 \u0917\u0924\u093f\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901<\/strong> \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f \u092a\u0948\u0926\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0907\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u091c\u0940\u0921\u0940\u092a\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0901\u0915\u0921\u093c\u0947 \u092d\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0905\u0928\u0947\u0915<strong> \u0905\u0935\u093f\u0915\u0938\u093f\u0924 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0913\u0902 <\/strong>\u0915\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u092c\u0921\u093c\u093e \u0939\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0938\u093e \u090b\u0923 \u0909\u092a\u0915\u0930\u0923\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u092c\u0948\u0902\u0915 \u0928\u094b\u091f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u091c\u093e\u092f <strong>\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941 \u0935\u093f\u0928\u093f\u092e\u092f \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930<\/strong> (\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0926\u093e\u0928-\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e \u0938\u0947 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930) \u092a\u0930 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092d\u0930 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0910\u0938\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u092e\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u0940\u0921\u0940\u092a\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0901\u0915\u0921\u093c\u0947 \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0917\u0924\u093f\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0915\u092e\u0924\u0930 \u0906\u0901\u0915\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u091c\u0940\u0921\u0940\u092a\u0940 \u0917\u0923\u0928\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0923 \u092a\u0930 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0942\u0932 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b<\/strong> \u0906\u0901\u0915\u0932\u093f\u0924 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e, \u0914\u0930 \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0938\u0947 <strong>\u0938\u0924\u0924 \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0923\u093e<\/strong> \u092d\u0940 \u0915\u092e\u091c\u094b\u0930 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u091c\u0940\u0921\u0940\u092a\u0940 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u094b \u092e\u093e\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u092b\u0932 \u0930\u0939\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902\u0915\u093f \u092f\u0939 &#8220;\u0905\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0940&#8221; \u0935\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925-\u0938\u093e\u0925 &#8220;\u0939\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0915&#8221; \u0935\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u092d\u0940 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u094d\u0928\u093f\u0939\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u091c\u092c \u092d\u0942\u0915\u0902\u092a \u0906\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u0941\u0928\u0930\u094d\u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u0924\u094b \u091c\u0940\u0921\u0940\u092a\u0940 \u092c\u0922\u093c \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0940 \u0924\u0930\u0939, \u091c\u092c \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u092c\u0940\u092e\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0921\u093c\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u0926\u0947\u0916\u092d\u093e\u0932 \u092a\u0930 \u092a\u0948\u0938\u093e \u0916\u0930\u094d\u091a \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0924\u094b \u0907\u0938\u0947 \u091c\u0940\u0921\u0940\u092a\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0939\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0938\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0917\u093f\u0928\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928, \u0935\u093f\u0928\u093e\u0936\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u092d\u0942\u0915\u0902\u092a \u092f\u093e \u0932\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u092e\u093e\u0930 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0939\u092e\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f \u092c\u0947\u0939\u0924\u0930 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u092f\u0939 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 <strong>\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u0928\u094d\u0928\u0924\u093e<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u0915\u094b \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u092e\u093e\u092a\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0909\u0926\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f, \u091c\u0940\u0921\u0940\u092a\u0940 \u0916\u093c\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-4b7d568e19f2a76449a22cd460008682\" style=\"color:#015aa7\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%87_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AA\"><\/span><strong>\u091c\u0940\u0921\u0940\u092a\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0932\u094d\u092a<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u091c\u0940\u0921\u0940\u092a\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u092e\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0932\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u0932\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0923 \u0914\u0930 \u0916\u0941\u0936\u0939\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0915\u094b \u092e\u093e\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0915\u0908 \u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0938\u0902\u0915\u0947\u0924\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0935 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0930\u0939\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0928\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u0941\u091b \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0915\u093e\u0902\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u0928\u0940\u091a\u0947 \u091a\u0930\u094d\u091a\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0908 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-e743799415ac1bb7c06032c37b847aee\" style=\"color:#ff6a00\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%95_GPI\"><\/span><strong>\u0935\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0917\u0924\u093f \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0915\u093e\u0902\u0915 (GPI)<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0935\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0917\u0924\u093f \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0915\u093e\u0902\u0915 (GPI) \u090f\u0915 \u0910\u0938\u093e \u092a\u0948\u092e\u093e\u0928\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0947 \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u092a \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u0940\u0921\u0940\u092a\u0940 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u092f\u093e \u092a\u0942\u0930\u0915 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0938\u0941\u091d\u093e\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0907\u0938 \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0915\u093e\u0902\u0915 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0926\u0947\u0936 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0916\u092a\u0924 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0923\u0940\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0915 \u0932\u093e\u0917\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925-\u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0938\u092e\u0917\u094d\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0925\u094d\u092f \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0915\u0932\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0923 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0928\u0915\u093e\u0930\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u092f\u093e \u0938\u0915\u093e\u0930\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092e\u093e\u092a \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-44fb0ef35a8389679660a9f53a5f34ea\" style=\"color:#ff6a00\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%96%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%80_GNH\"><\/span><strong>\u0938\u0915\u0932 \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0916\u0941\u0936\u0939\u093e\u0932\u0940 (GNH)<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0938\u0915\u0932 \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0916\u0941\u0936\u0939\u093e\u0932\u0940 (GNH) \u0928 \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u092c\u0932\u094d\u0915\u093f \u0936\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0923\u0940\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u094b\u0902, \u0928\u093e\u0917\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0938\u093e\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u0943\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f, \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0938\u093f\u0915 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0936\u093e\u0930\u0940\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0925\u094d\u092f \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0915\u0949\u0930\u094d\u092a\u094b\u0930\u0947\u091f \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u094b \u092d\u0940 \u092e\u093e\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u092f\u0939 \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926 \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 1970 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u0936\u0915 \u0915\u0940 \u0936\u0941\u0930\u0941\u0906\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u092d\u0942\u091f\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u093e \u091c\u093f\u0917\u094d\u092e\u0947 \u0938\u093f\u0902\u0917\u094d\u092f\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0902\u0917\u091a\u0941\u0915<\/strong> \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0917\u0922\u093c\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-9c5e2b1d98deb87982bf8cd22492b618\" style=\"color:#ff6a00\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8_%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6_GSDP\"><\/span><strong>\u0938\u0915\u0932 \u0938\u0924\u0924 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926 (GSDP)<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0938\u0915\u0932 \u0938\u0924\u0924 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926 (GSDP) \u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0923 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0925\u094d\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0917\u093f\u0930\u093e\u0935\u091f \u092f\u093e \u0938\u0941\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u094b\u0902, \u0938\u0902\u0938\u093e\u0927\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u092e\u0940 , \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f\u0939\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0938, \u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0923 \u092a\u0930 \u0932\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0924\u093f\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935, \u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0941\u0923\u0935\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093e \u0906\u0926\u093f \u0915\u094b \u092e\u093e\u092a\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0907\u0938\u0947 <strong>\u0917\u094d\u0932\u094b\u092c\u0932 \u0915\u092e\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0928\u093f\u091f\u0940 \u0905\u0938\u0947\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902\u091f \u0938\u0947\u0902\u091f\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u094b\u0938\u093e\u0907\u091f\u0940 \u092b\u0949\u0930 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0932\u094d\u0921 \u0938\u0938\u094d\u091f\u0947\u0928\u0947\u092c\u0932 \u0921\u0947\u0935\u0932\u092a\u092e\u0947\u0902\u091f<\/strong> \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0938\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-b5e609d22739b428f971c408db6f61f2\" style=\"color:#ff6a00\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%B5_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%95_HDI\"><\/span><strong>\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0915\u093e\u0902\u0915 (HDI)<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0915\u093e\u0902\u0915 (HDI) \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0947<strong> \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0906\u092f\u093e\u092e\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0914\u0938\u0924 \u0909\u092a\u0932\u092c\u094d\u0927\u093f<\/strong> \u0915\u093e \u0938\u093e\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0936 \u092e\u093e\u092a \u0939\u0948, \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0924\u094d:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0938\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0925\u094d\u092f<\/strong>: \u091c\u0928\u094d\u092e \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u091c\u0940\u0935\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0936\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e \u0938\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u092a\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e<\/strong>: \u0938\u094d\u0915\u0942\u0932\u0940 \u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0914\u0938\u0924 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u092a\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u0938\u094d\u0915\u0942\u0932\u0940 \u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e \u0938\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u092a\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u091c\u0940\u0935\u0928 \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930:<\/strong> \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0938\u0915\u0932 \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0906\u092f (PPP \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0930) \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e \u0938\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u092a\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0907\u0938\u0947 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0936\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940 <strong>\u0905\u092e\u0930\u094d\u0924\u094d\u092f \u0938\u0947\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u093e\u0915\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0936\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u092e\u0939\u092c\u0942\u092c \u0909\u0932 \u0939\u0915<\/strong> \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0938\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0947 <strong>\u0938\u0902\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e (UNDP)<\/strong> \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0940 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u0930\u093f\u092a\u094b\u0930\u094d\u091f \u0915\u0947 \u0939\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0938\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0936\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-0bd8402fe0a2c3e4f1e38e561e4df3ee\" style=\"color:#ff6a00\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%95_SPI\"><\/span><strong>\u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0917\u0924\u093f \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0915\u093e\u0902\u0915 (SPI)<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0917\u0924\u093f \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0915\u093e\u0902\u0915 (SPI) \u0907\u0938 \u0924\u0925\u094d\u092f \u0915\u094b \u092e\u093e\u092a\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u0928\u093e\u0917\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0915 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0923\u0940\u092f \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093e \u0924\u0915 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u092f\u0939 \u0907\u0928\u092a\u0941\u091f \u092e\u093e\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u091c\u093e\u092f \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0923\u093e\u092e\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u0915\u0947\u0924\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0907\u0938\u0947 \u0938\u094b\u0936\u0932 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0938 \u0907\u092e\u094d\u092a\u0930\u0947\u091f\u093f\u0935 (Social Progress Imperative) \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0938\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-f1ee0f1c72c0c46ad3808c6320bdb2fb\" style=\"color:#ff6a00\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%B5_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%81%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%95_Human_Capital_Index_%E2%80%93_HCI\"><\/span><strong>\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935 \u092a\u0942\u0901\u091c\u0940 \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0915\u093e\u0902\u0915 (Human Capital Index &#8211; HCI)<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935 \u092a\u0942\u0901\u091c\u0940 \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0915\u093e\u0902\u0915, \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935 \u092a\u0942\u0901\u091c\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0909\u0938 \u092e\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093e \u0915\u094b \u092e\u093e\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0947 \u090f\u0915 \u092c\u091a\u094d\u091a\u093e 18 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u092f\u0941 \u0924\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0909\u092e\u094d\u092e\u0940\u0926 \u0915\u0930 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u092f\u0939 <strong>\u0924\u0940\u0928 \u0918\u091f\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b<\/strong> \u092e\u093e\u092a\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930\u091c\u0940\u0935\u093f\u0924\u093e (Survival) <\/strong>: 5 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u092e \u0906\u092f\u0941 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u091a\u094d\u091a\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0943\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0941 \u0926\u0930 \u0915\u094b \u092e\u093e\u092a\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0917\u0941\u0923\u0935\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093e- \u0938\u092e\u093e\u092f\u094b\u091c\u093f\u0924 \u0938\u094d\u0915\u0942\u0932\u0940 \u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u092a\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 (Expected Years of Quality-Adjusted School)<\/strong>: \u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u0926\u094b \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0941\u0913\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0902\u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928\u0964\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0917\u0941\u0923\u0935\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093e (Quality)<\/strong>: \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u091b\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0909\u092a\u0932\u092c\u094d\u0927\u093f \u092a\u0930\u0940\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0930\u0940\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0938\u094d\u0915\u094b\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0902\u091c\u0938\u094d\u092f \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u092a\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u092e\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093e (Quantity):<\/strong> \u0909\u0938 \u0926\u0947\u0936 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0928\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0902\u0915\u0928 \u0926\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u094c\u091c\u0942\u0926\u093e \u092a\u0948\u091f\u0930\u094d\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u0926\u0947\u0916\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0941\u090f 18 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u092f\u0941 \u0924\u0915 \u090f\u0915 \u092c\u091a\u094d\u091a\u093e \u091c\u093f\u0924\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0915\u0942\u0932\u0940 \u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u0930 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0909\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u092a\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0938\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0925\u094d\u092f (Health)<\/strong>: \u0926\u094b \u0938\u0902\u0915\u0947\u0924\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u092a\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 &#8211; \u0935\u092f\u0938\u094d\u0915 \u091c\u0940\u0935\u0928 \u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0926\u0930 \u0914\u0930 5 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u092e \u0906\u092f\u0941 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u091a\u094d\u091a\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0938\u094d\u091f\u0902\u091f\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0915\u0940 \u0926\u0930\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-f4b9f6c4f46247bf2976946e8d743d6c\" style=\"color:#ff6a00\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%80_Green_GDP\"><\/span><strong>\u0939\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u091c\u0940\u0921\u0940\u092a\u0940 (Green GDP)<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0939\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u091c\u0940\u0921\u0940\u092a\u0940 \u090f\u0915 \u0910\u0938\u093e \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926 \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0906\u092e \u0924\u094c\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u091c\u0940\u0921\u0940\u092a\u0940 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0923\u0940\u092f \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0924\u093f \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u091c\u0948\u0935 \u0935\u093f\u0935\u093f\u0927\u0924\u093e \u0939\u093e\u0928\u093f, \u091c\u0932\u0935\u093e\u092f\u0941 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u094b\u0902 \u0906\u0926\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0938\u092e\u093e\u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930, \u092f\u0939 \u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0923\u0940\u092f \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0930\u0916\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0941\u090f \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u0915\u0947\u0924\u0915 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0928\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0915\u0930\u094d\u0937\u0924:, \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0906\u092f (NI) \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u0938\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u0906\u0902\u0915\u0921\u093c\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0939\u0948, \u092f\u0939 <strong>\u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f \u0915\u093e \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u0915 <\/strong>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u092c\u093f\u0902\u092c \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u092a\u093f \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0906\u092f \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0909\u092a\u093e\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0941\u091b \u0915\u092e\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u092b\u093f\u0930 \u092d\u0940 \u0935\u0947 \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902, \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u093e\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0942\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0923\u092f \u0932\u0947\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0917\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u092d\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u091c\u0948\u0938\u093e \u0915\u093f \u0939\u092e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0917\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u092e\u0917\u094d\u0930 \u0938\u092e\u091d \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0906\u092f (NI) \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u0915 \u0909\u092a\u093e\u092f \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0938\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u0902\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u092a\u0930 \u092b\u094b\u0915\u0938 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091a\u093e\u0939\u093f\u090f, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u0932\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0923 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0923\u0940\u092f \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0930\u0924\u093e \u092d\u0940 \u0936\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0939\u094b\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-ebfa0b93d0788ca950dad15eb2ac6672\" style=\"color:#015aa7\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%9B%E0%A5%87_%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%87_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%87_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A8\"><\/span><strong>\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0906\u092f \u092a\u0930 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f\u0924: \u092a\u0942\u091b\u0947 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n<div id=\"rank-math-faq\" class=\"rank-math-block\">\n<div class=\"rank-math-list \">\n<div id=\"faq-question-1713424909979\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%A3%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%87_%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%87_%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%82\"><\/span><strong>\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0906\u092f \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0923\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902?<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p>\u0907\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0923\u0928\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u094c\u0930\u093e\u0928 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u093f\u0924 \u0938\u092d\u0940 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u093f\u092e \u0935\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0913\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u091c\u094b\u0921\u093c\u0915\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-1713424935891\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%A3%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8C%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%88\"><\/span><strong>\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0940 \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0906\u092f \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0923\u0928\u093e \u0915\u094c\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948?<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p>\u0938\u093e\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928\u094d\u0935\u092f\u0928 \u092e\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0932\u092f (MoSPI) \u0915\u0947 \u0924\u0939\u0924 \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0938\u093e\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0932\u092f (NSO), \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 NI \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0923\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0906\u092f \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0936\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090f\u0915 \u092e\u094c\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0923\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u094b \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f \u0915\u094b \u092e\u093e\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u090f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u092a\u0948\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":7982,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[83],"tags":[72],"class_list":["post-7369","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-83","tag-gs-3"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7369","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/9"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7369"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7369\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7387,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7369\/revisions\/7387"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7982"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7369"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7369"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7369"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}