{"id":16497,"date":"2025-03-07T13:00:06","date_gmt":"2025-03-07T13:00:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/?p=16497"},"modified":"2025-03-07T13:00:08","modified_gmt":"2025-03-07T13:00:08","slug":"%e0%a4%b9%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%bf%e0%a4%a4-%e0%a4%95%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%82%e0%a4%a4%e0%a4%bf","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/%e0%a4%b9%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%bf%e0%a4%a4-%e0%a4%95%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%82%e0%a4%a4%e0%a4%bf\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0939\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0924\u093f : \u0907\u0924\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0938, \u0918\u091f\u0915, \u091a\u0930\u0923 \u0914\u0930 \u0932\u093e\u092d"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><em><strong>\u0939\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0924\u093f <\/strong>1960 \u0914\u0930 1970 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u0936\u0915 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0936\u0941\u0930\u0942 \u0915\u093f\u090f \u0917\u090f \u0915\u0943\u0937\u093f \u0928\u0935\u093e\u091a\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0925\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0902\u0926\u0930\u094d\u092d\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938\u0936\u0940\u0932 \u0926\u0947\u0936\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0916\u093e\u0926\u094d\u092f \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u0932\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0916\u0928\u0940\u092f \u0935\u0943\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f \u0915\u0940\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u0943\u0937\u093f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0925\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092c\u0926\u0932\u0928\u0947, \u0916\u093e\u0926\u094d\u092f \u0938\u0941\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e, \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u0914\u0930 \u092d\u0942\u0916 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0917\u0930\u0940\u092c\u0940 \u0915\u094b \u0915\u092e \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f\u0915\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0928\u093f\u0939\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938 \u0932\u0947\u0916 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094d\u092f \u0939\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0941\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092f\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093f, \u0918\u091f\u0915, \u091a\u0930\u0923 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u091c \u0935 \u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0923 \u092a\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935 \u0936\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/em><\/p><div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_56_1 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-transparent ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/%e0%a4%b9%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%bf%e0%a4%a4-%e0%a4%95%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%82%e0%a4%a4%e0%a4%bf\/#%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%87_%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87_%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%82\" title=\"\u0939\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902\">\u0939\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/%e0%a4%b9%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%bf%e0%a4%a4-%e0%a4%95%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%82%e0%a4%a4%e0%a4%bf\/#%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%82_%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF_%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8\" title=\"\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0924\u093f \u0915\u093e \u0907\u0924\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0938\">\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0924\u093f \u0915\u093e \u0907\u0924\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0938<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/%e0%a4%b9%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%bf%e0%a4%a4-%e0%a4%95%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%82%e0%a4%a4%e0%a4%bf\/#%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%82_%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%87_%E0%A4%98%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%95\" title=\"\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0918\u091f\u0915\">\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0918\u091f\u0915<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/%e0%a4%b9%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%bf%e0%a4%a4-%e0%a4%95%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%82%e0%a4%a4%e0%a4%bf\/#%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%82_%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%87_%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A3\" title=\"\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u091a\u0930\u0923\">\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u091a\u0930\u0923<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/%e0%a4%b9%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%bf%e0%a4%a4-%e0%a4%95%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%82%e0%a4%a4%e0%a4%bf\/#%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A3_I_1965-66_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%87_1980\" title=\"\u091a\u0930\u0923 I (1965-66 \u0938\u0947 1980)\">\u091a\u0930\u0923 I (1965-66 \u0938\u0947 1980)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/%e0%a4%b9%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%bf%e0%a4%a4-%e0%a4%95%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%82%e0%a4%a4%e0%a4%bf\/#%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A3_II_1980-1991\" title=\"\u091a\u0930\u0923 II (1980-1991)\">\u091a\u0930\u0923 II (1980-1991)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/%e0%a4%b9%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%bf%e0%a4%a4-%e0%a4%95%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%82%e0%a4%a4%e0%a4%bf\/#%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A3_III_1991-2003\" title=\"\u091a\u0930\u0923 III (1991-2003)\">\u091a\u0930\u0923 III (1991-2003)<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/%e0%a4%b9%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%bf%e0%a4%a4-%e0%a4%95%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%82%e0%a4%a4%e0%a4%bf\/#%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%82_%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF_%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B5\" title=\"\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0924\u093f \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\">\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0924\u093f \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/%e0%a4%b9%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%bf%e0%a4%a4-%e0%a4%95%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%82%e0%a4%a4%e0%a4%bf\/#%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B5\" title=\"\u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\">\u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/%e0%a4%b9%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%bf%e0%a4%a4-%e0%a4%95%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%82%e0%a4%a4%e0%a4%bf\/#%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B5\" title=\"\u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\">\u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/%e0%a4%b9%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%bf%e0%a4%a4-%e0%a4%95%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%82%e0%a4%a4%e0%a4%bf\/#%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B5\" title=\"\u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\">\u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/%e0%a4%b9%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%bf%e0%a4%a4-%e0%a4%95%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%82%e0%a4%a4%e0%a4%bf\/#%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%82_%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%87_%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AD\" title=\"\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093e\u092d\">\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093e\u092d<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/%e0%a4%b9%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%bf%e0%a4%a4-%e0%a4%95%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%82%e0%a4%a4%e0%a4%bf\/#%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%82_%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%87_%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8\" title=\"\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u0941\u0915\u0938\u093e\u0928\">\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u0941\u0915\u0938\u093e\u0928<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/%e0%a4%b9%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%bf%e0%a4%a4-%e0%a4%95%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%82%e0%a4%a4%e0%a4%bf\/#%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B7\" title=\"\u0928\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0915\u0930\u094d\u0937\">\u0928\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0915\u0930\u094d\u0937<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/%e0%a4%b9%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%bf%e0%a4%a4-%e0%a4%95%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%82%e0%a4%a4%e0%a4%bf\/#%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%9B%E0%A5%87_%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%87_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%87_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A8_FAQs\" title=\"\u0905\u0915\u094d\u0938\u0930 \u092a\u0942\u091b\u0947 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928 (FAQs)\">\u0905\u0915\u094d\u0938\u0930 \u092a\u0942\u091b\u0947 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928 (FAQs)<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/%e0%a4%b9%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%bf%e0%a4%a4-%e0%a4%95%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%82%e0%a4%a4%e0%a4%bf\/#%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%88\" title=\"\u0939\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0924\u093f \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948?\">\u0939\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0924\u093f \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/%e0%a4%b9%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%bf%e0%a4%a4-%e0%a4%95%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%82%e0%a4%a4%e0%a4%bf\/#%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%87_%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8C%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%82\" title=\"\u0939\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u091c\u0928\u0915 \u0915\u094c\u0928 \u0939\u0948\u0902?\">\u0939\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u091c\u0928\u0915 \u0915\u094c\u0928 \u0939\u0948\u0902?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-18\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/%e0%a4%b9%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%bf%e0%a4%a4-%e0%a4%95%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%82%e0%a4%a4%e0%a4%bf\/#%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%82_%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%87_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%80\" title=\"\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0940 \u0936\u0941\u0930\u0941\u0906\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940?\">\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0940 \u0936\u0941\u0930\u0941\u0906\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940?<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%87_%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87_%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%82\"><\/span><strong>\u0939\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0939\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0924\u093f \u0938\u0947 \u0924\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0906\u0927\u0941\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0907\u0928\u092a\u0941\u091f, \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094c\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0915\u0940, HYV (\u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a \u0909\u092a\u091c \u0926\u0947\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u094d\u092e\u0947\u0902), \u0915\u0943\u0937\u093f \u092e\u0936\u0940\u0928\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u093f\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0908 \u0938\u0941\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0915\u092e \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0938\u093f\u0924 \u0926\u0947\u0936\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938\u0936\u0940\u0932 \u0926\u0947\u0936\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u0939\u0941-\u092b\u0938\u0932 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u0935\u0943\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f \u0938\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u092f\u0939 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938\u0936\u0940\u0932 \u0926\u0947\u0936\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u0943\u0937\u093f-\u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f \u0915\u094b \u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0909\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0943\u0937\u093f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0906\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092d\u0930\u0924\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0916\u093e\u0926\u094d\u092f \u0938\u0902\u0915\u091f, \u092d\u0942\u0916, \u0905\u0915\u093e\u0932 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0915 \u092c\u0941\u0930\u093e\u0907\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0915\u092e \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%82_%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF_%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8\"><\/span><strong>\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0924\u093f \u0915\u093e \u0907\u0924\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0938<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0924\u093f 1960 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u0936\u0915 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0917\u0902\u092d\u0940\u0930 \u0916\u093e\u0926\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0915\u092e\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u0915\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u0947 \u0916\u0924\u0930\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0936\u0941\u0930\u0942 \u0939\u0941\u0908\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0907\u0938\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0943\u0937\u093f \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0915\u0924\u093e \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 <strong>\u092e\u0948\u0915\u094d\u0938\u093f\u0915\u094b <\/strong>\u0914\u0930 <strong>\u092b\u093f\u0932\u0940\u092a\u0940\u0902\u0938 <\/strong>\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0938\u093f\u0924 \u0917\u0947\u0939\u0942\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u091a\u093e\u0935\u0932 \u0915\u0940 \u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a \u0909\u092a\u091c \u0926\u0947\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u094d\u092e\u094b\u0902 (<strong>HYV<\/strong>) \u0915\u094b \u092a\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0921\u0949. <strong>\u090f\u092e.\u090f\u0938. \u0938\u094d\u0935\u093e\u092e\u0940\u0928\u093e\u0925\u0928 <\/strong>\u0915\u0947 \u0928\u0947\u0924\u0943\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u092e\u0947\u0902, \u091c\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 &#8220;\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u091c\u0928\u0915&#8221; \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u0943\u0937\u093f \u0935\u093f\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928\u0940 <strong>\u0928\u0949\u0930\u094d\u092e\u0928 \u092c\u094b\u0930\u0932\u0949\u0917<\/strong> \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0938\u092e\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924, \u0907\u0938 \u0906\u0902\u0926\u094b\u0932\u0928 \u0928\u0947 \u0930\u093e\u0938\u093e\u092f\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0909\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0930\u0915\u094b\u0902, \u0915\u0940\u091f\u0928\u093e\u0936\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u092c\u0947\u0939\u0924\u0930 \u0938\u093f\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0908 \u0935\u093f\u0927\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0939\u093f\u0924 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0928\u0924 \u0915\u0943\u0937\u093f \u0924\u0915\u0928\u0940\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0905\u092a\u0928\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u092a\u0930 \u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0939\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0924\u093f \u0915\u093e \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935 <strong>\u092a\u0902\u091c\u093e\u092c, \u0939\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0923\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e\u0940 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0947\u0936<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0921\u093c\u093e\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0928\u0947 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u094b \u0916\u093e\u0926\u094d\u092f-\u0906\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092d\u0930 \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u0926\u0932 \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e, \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0939\u0940 \u092e\u093f\u091f\u094d\u091f\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0930\u0923 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0940 \u091a\u0941\u0928\u094c\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u092d\u0940 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u092a\u0921\u093c\u093e\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%82_%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%87_%E0%A4%98%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%95\"><\/span><strong>\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0918\u091f\u0915<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0924\u093f \u0915\u093e \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u092c\u093f\u0902\u0926\u0941\u0913\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0926\u0947\u0916\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a \u0909\u092a\u091c \u0926\u0947\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u094d\u092e\u0947\u0902 (HYV) <\/strong>&#8211; \u092f\u0947 \u0906\u0928\u0941\u0935\u0902\u0936\u093f\u0915 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u0936\u094b\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u092c\u0940\u091c \u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e\u093f\u0924 \u092b\u0938\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0924\u0941\u0932\u0928\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 2 \u0938\u0947 3 \u0917\u0941\u0928\u093e \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0909\u092a\u091c \u0926\u0947\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u092f\u0947 \u0918\u0928\u0940 \u091b\u0924\u0930\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u092c\u094c\u0928\u0940 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u094d\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u091a\u0942\u0901\u0915\u093f \u092f\u0947 \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0924 \u0915\u094b\u092e\u0932 \u0914\u0930 \u0928\u093e\u091c\u093c\u0941\u0915 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u0907\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u093c\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0926\u093e \u092a\u093e\u0928\u0940, \u0930\u093e\u0938\u093e\u092f\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0916\u093e\u0926 \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u0940\u091f\u094b\u0902 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0916\u0930\u092a\u0924\u0935\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0941\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u093c\u0930\u0942\u0930\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0916\u0947\u0924 \u092a\u0930 \u092e\u093f\u091f\u094d\u091f\u0940 \u0924\u0948\u092f\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0940 \u0917\u0924\u093f\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901 \u092d\u0940 \u091c\u093c\u0930\u0942\u0930\u0940 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0948\u0926\u093e\u0935\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0935\u0927\u093f \u0915\u092e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0939\u0940 \u0915\u092e \u0938\u092e\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u093c\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0926\u093e \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u092e \u0905\u0935\u0927\u093f \u0915\u093e \u092e\u0924\u0932\u092c \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0905\u0917\u0932\u0940 \u092b\u093c\u0938\u0932 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u091c\u093c\u092e\u0940\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0907\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0947\u092e\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u092b\u093c\u0938\u0932 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0918\u0928\u0924\u093e \u092c\u0922\u093c \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0938\u093f\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0908 \u0938\u0941\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u090f\u0901<\/strong> &#8211; 1960 \u092e\u0947\u0902, \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u093e \u0936\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0938\u093f\u0902\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 30 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u093f\u092f\u0928 \u0939\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u0947\u092f\u0930 \u0925\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0915\u0940 \u0939\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0938\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u093f\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0908 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u091a\u0941\u0928\u094c\u0924\u0940\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0925\u093e\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u090b\u0923 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0924\u092a\u094b\u0937\u0923<\/strong> &#8211; \u0915\u093f\u0938\u093e\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u093c\u0930\u0942\u0930\u0924\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u0942\u0930\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u090f\u0915 \u092c\u0947\u0939\u0924\u0930\u0940\u0928 \u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e\u0940\u0923 \u090b\u0923 \u0914\u0930 \u092e\u093e\u0907\u0915\u094d\u0930\u094b\u092b\u093c\u093e\u0907\u0928\u0947\u0902\u0938\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0928\u0947\u091f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0915 \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u093c\u0930\u0942\u0930\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0915\u0943\u0937\u093f \u0915\u093e \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0935\u0938\u093e\u092f\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923<\/strong> &#8211; \u092b\u093c\u0938\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0928\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0928\u0924\u092e \u0938\u092e\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0928 \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0940 \u0936\u0941\u0930\u0942\u0906\u0924 \u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u093e\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092b\u093c\u0938\u0932 \u0909\u0917\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u0905\u0924\u093f\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0915\u0943\u0937\u093f \u092e\u0936\u0940\u0928\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923<\/strong> &#8211; \u092b\u093c\u0938\u0932 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u091c\u093c\u0930\u0942\u0930\u0924 \u0925\u0940\u0964 1974 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0936\u0941\u0930\u0942 \u0915\u093f\u090f \u0917\u090f <strong>\u0915\u092e\u093e\u0902\u0921 \u090f\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0921\u0947\u0935\u0932\u092a\u092e\u0947\u0902\u091f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e (CADP)<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0926\u094b \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0918\u091f\u0915 \u0936\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0925\u0947:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0911\u0928-\u092b\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092e \u0921\u0947\u0935\u0932\u092a\u092e\u0947\u0902\u091f \u090f\u0915\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0935\u093f\u091f\u0940\u091c &#8211; \u0907\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0943\u0937\u093f \u091a\u0948\u0928\u0932 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0928\u093e, \u091c\u0941\u0924\u093e\u0908, \u0938\u092e\u0924\u0932\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0914\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0921\u093c\u092c\u0902\u0926\u0940 \u0936\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0925\u0940\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0911\u092b-\u092b\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092e \u0921\u0947\u0935\u0932\u092a\u092e\u0947\u0902\u091f \u090f\u0915\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0935\u093f\u091f\u0940\u091c &#8211; \u0907\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0921\u093c\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923, \u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e\u0940\u0923 \u0938\u0902\u092a\u0930\u094d\u0915 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0941\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u092a\u0923\u0928, \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0939\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u094b \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u092a\u0930 \u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0930\u093e\u0938\u093e\u092f\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0909\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0930\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917<\/strong> &#8211; \u092e\u093f\u091f\u094d\u091f\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0928\u093e\u0907\u091f\u094d\u0930\u094b\u091c\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u092e\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923, <strong>\u090f\u0928\u092a\u0940\u0915\u0947 \u0909\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0930\u0915\u094b\u0902<\/strong> \u0915\u094b 4:2:1 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0915 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092a\u093e\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0932\u093e\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e\u0964 \u0939\u093e\u0932\u093e\u0901\u0915\u093f, \u0935\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092a\u093e\u0924 8.2:4.2:1 \u0925\u093e\u0964 \u0915\u0940\u091f\u0928\u093e\u0936\u0915\u094b\u0902, \u0915\u0940\u091f\u0928\u093e\u0936\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0916\u0930\u092a\u0924\u0935\u093e\u0930\u0928\u093e\u0936\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u092d\u0940 \u0906\u092e \u0925\u093e\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e\u0940\u0923 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0924\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923<\/strong> &#8211; \u092f\u0939 \u0915\u0943\u0937\u093f \u092e\u0936\u0940\u0928\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0925\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0906\u0917\u0947 \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915 \u0925\u093e\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f \u091c\u094b\u0924 \u0914\u0930 \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f \u0938\u0941\u0927\u093e\u0930<\/strong> &#8211; \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f \u091c\u094b\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f \u0915\u094b \u0938\u092e\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u0936\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0925\u093e, \u091c\u092c\u0915\u093f \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f \u0938\u0941\u0927\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u093f\u091a\u094c\u0932\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0916\u0924\u094d\u092e \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e, \u091c\u092e\u0940\u0902\u0926\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u092e\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u093f\u0930\u093e\u092f\u0947\u0926\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0938\u0941\u0927\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0932\u093e\u0917\u0942 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u0936\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0925\u093e\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%82_%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%87_%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A3\"><\/span><strong>\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u091a\u0930\u0923<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A3_I_1965-66_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%87_1980\"><\/span><strong>\u091a\u0930\u0923 I (1965-66 \u0938\u0947 1980)<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u094b \u0924\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0932 \u0916\u093e\u0926\u094d\u092f \u0906\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0914\u0930 \u0916\u093e\u0926\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0906\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092d\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0925\u0940\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u092f\u0939 \u091a\u0930\u0923 <strong>\u092b\u0938\u0932-\u0935\u093f\u0936\u093f\u0937\u094d\u091f \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930-\u0935\u093f\u0936\u093f\u0937\u094d\u091f<\/strong> \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u0915\u0947\u0928\u094d\u0926\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0925\u093e \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902\u0915\u093f <strong>\u092a\u0902\u091c\u093e\u092c, \u0939\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0923\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e\u0940 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0947\u0936<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0943\u0937\u093f \u0915\u093e \u092c\u0941\u0928\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0926\u0940 \u0922\u093e\u0902\u091a\u093e \u0905\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0940 \u0924\u0930\u0939 \u0938\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0938\u093f\u0924 \u0925\u093e\u0964 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0939\u0940, \u092f\u0939 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0916\u0924\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u092e\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0925\u093e\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0907\u0938 \u091a\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0940 \u0936\u0941\u0930\u0941\u0906\u0924 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0915 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0930 <strong>\u0917\u0939\u0928 \u0915\u0943\u0937\u093f \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e (IADP)<\/strong> \u0914\u0930 <strong>\u0917\u0939\u0928 \u0915\u0943\u0937\u093f \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e (IAAP)<\/strong> \u0938\u0947 \u0939\u0941\u0908\u0964 \u092b\u093f\u0930 \u092d\u0940, \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u092a\u0939\u0932 1965-66 \u0915\u0940 \u0935\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0915 \u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u094c\u0930\u093e\u0928 <strong>HYV \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0917\u0941\u0908 \u0964<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>1974 \u092e\u0947\u0902, <strong>\u0915\u092e\u093e\u0902\u0921 \u090f\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0921\u0947\u0935\u0932\u092a\u092e\u0947\u0902\u091f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e<\/strong> \u0928\u0947 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0924\u093f \u092a\u0930 \u092b\u093f\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u094b\u0930 \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>1950-51 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0916\u093e\u0926\u094d\u092f \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 25 \u092e\u0940\u091f\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u091f\u0928 \u0914\u0930 1965-66 \u092e\u0947\u0902 33 \u092e\u0940\u091f\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u091f\u0928 \u0925\u093e\u0964 1980 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092f\u0939 100 \u092e\u0940\u091f\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u091f\u0928 \u0939\u094b \u0917\u092f\u093e, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0928\u0947 10 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0924\u0940\u0928 \u0917\u0941\u0928\u093e \u0935\u0943\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0924 \u0915\u0940\u0964\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u092f\u0939 <strong>\u0917\u0947\u0939\u0942\u0901 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928<\/strong> \u0915\u0940 \u0913\u0930 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u0947\u0928\u094d\u0926\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0925\u093e, \u091c\u094b 5 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 2.5 \u0917\u0941\u0928\u093e \u092c\u0922\u093c \u0917\u092f\u093e\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0947 <strong>\u0939\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0924\u093f<\/strong> \u0915\u0939\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0907\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u094b \u0916\u093e\u0926\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0906\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092d\u0930\u0924\u093e \u092e\u093f\u0932\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u0941\u092a\u094b\u0937\u0923, \u0905\u0915\u093e\u0932, \u0917\u0930\u0940\u092c\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u092d\u0941\u0916\u092e\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0918\u091f\u0928\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u092e\u0940 \u0906\u0908\u0964 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u2018<strong>\u092d\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u091b\u0935\u093f<\/strong>\u2019 \u0938\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0939\u0930 \u0906\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u092b\u0932 \u0930\u0939\u093e\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A3_II_1980-1991\"><\/span><strong>\u091a\u0930\u0923 II (1980-1991)<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>6\u0935\u0940\u0902 \u0914\u0930 7\u0935\u0940\u0902 \u092a\u0902\u091a\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u0940\u092f \u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u094c\u0930\u093e\u0928 <strong>\u0906\u0930\u094d\u0926\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0943\u0937\u093f<\/strong> (\u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u091a\u093e\u0935\u0932) \u0915\u094b \u0932\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u091a\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u094c\u0930\u093e\u0928, \u091a\u093e\u0935\u0932 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 1.5 \u0917\u0941\u0928\u093e \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0964 \u0907\u0938 \u0926\u094c\u0930\u093e\u0928 100 \u0938\u0947\u092e\u0940 \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0915\u093f <strong>\u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e \u092c\u0902\u0917\u093e\u0932, \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930, \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0940 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0947\u0936, \u0905\u0938\u092e \u0914\u0930 \u0924\u091f\u0940\u092f \u092e\u0948\u0926\u093e\u0928<\/strong> \u0932\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u090f \u0917\u090f\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0907\u0928 \u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0906\u0902\u0936\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u092b\u0932\u0924\u093e \u092e\u093f\u0932\u0940\u0964 <strong>\u0915\u0943\u0937\u094d\u0923\u093e-\u0917\u094b\u0926\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0940 \u0921\u0947\u0932\u094d\u091f\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u093e\u0935\u0947\u0930\u0940 \u092c\u0947\u0938\u093f\u0928<\/strong> \u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0902\u091b\u093f\u0924 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0923\u093e\u092e \u0926\u093f\u090f\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e \u092c\u0902\u0917\u093e\u0932<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u0940 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0915\u0924\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u0943\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f \u0926\u0947\u0916\u0940 \u0917\u0908 \u0914\u0930 <strong>\u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u094b\u091c\u092a\u0941\u0930<\/strong> \u0928\u0947 \u0939\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u092b\u0932 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092d\u0935 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0939\u093e\u0932\u093e\u0902\u0915\u093f,<strong> \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f \u0938\u0941\u0927\u093e\u0930, \u0915\u093e\u0936\u094d\u0924\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940<\/strong> \u0906\u0926\u093f \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0917\u0924 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u091a\u093e\u0935\u0932 \u0915\u0940 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e\u0924\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0936 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u094b \u092a\u093e\u092f\u093e\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0947\u0936, \u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e \u092c\u0902\u0917\u093e\u0932 \u0914\u0930 \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930<\/strong> \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f \u0938\u0941\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u0932\u093e\u0917\u0942 \u0915\u093f\u090f \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u091a\u093e\u0939\u093f\u090f \u0925\u0947, \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u092a\u0930 \u0932\u093e\u0917\u0942 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0915\u093f\u0938\u093e\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u093e\u0930\u0902\u092a\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0926\u0943\u0937\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0915\u094b\u0923 \u092d\u0940 \u0939\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u0942\u0938\u0930\u0947 \u091a\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u092b\u0932\u0924\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0915 \u0925\u093e\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A3_III_1991-2003\"><\/span><strong>\u091a\u0930\u0923 III (1991-2003)<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>8\u0935\u0940\u0902 \u0914\u0930 9\u0935\u0940\u0902 \u092a\u0902\u091a\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u0940\u092f \u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u094c\u0930\u093e\u0928, <strong>\u0936\u0941\u0937\u094d\u0915 \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f \u0915\u0943\u0937\u093f<\/strong> \u0915\u094b \u0932\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e, \u0914\u0930 <strong>\u0915\u092a\u093e\u0938, \u0924\u093f\u0932\u0939\u0928, \u0926\u0932\u0939\u0928, \u092c\u093e\u091c\u0930\u093e \u0906\u0926\u093f \u092e\u0947\u0902 HYV <\/strong>\u0915\u0940 \u0936\u0941\u0930\u0941\u0906\u0924 \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0908 \u0925\u0940\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0947 \u0906\u0902\u0936\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u092b\u0932\u0924\u093e \u092e\u093f\u0932\u0940\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u0909\u092a-\u0906\u0930\u094d\u0926\u094d\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0927-\u0936\u0941\u0937\u094d\u0915 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0941\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f<strong> \u090f\u0915\u0940\u0915\u0943\u0924 \u0935\u093e\u091f\u0930\u0936\u0947\u0921 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e<\/strong> \u0936\u0941\u0930\u0942 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e\u0964\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0939\u093e\u0932\u093e\u0902\u0915\u093f, <strong>\u0928\u0930\u094d\u092e\u0926\u093e-\u0924\u093e\u092a\u0940 \u0926\u094b\u0906\u092c, \u0924\u0941\u0902\u0917\u092d\u0926\u094d\u0930\u093e \u092c\u0947\u0938\u093f\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u092d\u0940\u092e\u093e-\u0915\u0943\u0937\u094d\u0923\u093e \u092c\u0947\u0938\u093f\u0928<\/strong> \u0915\u094b \u091b\u094b\u0921\u093c\u0915\u0930 \u092f\u0939 \u0905\u0938\u092b\u0932 \u0930\u0939\u093e\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>9\u0935\u0940\u0902 \u092a\u0902\u091a\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u0940\u092f \u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928\u093e \u0938\u092e\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926, \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090f\u0915 \u0906\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936 \u092c\u0926\u0932\u093e\u0935 \u0906\u092f\u093e\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0939\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0924\u093f \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0940\u092f \u0928\u0924\u0940\u091c\u094b\u0902 \u0928\u0947<strong> \u0915\u0943\u0937\u093f \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0940, \u0938\u0902\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u0935\u093f\u0927\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902<\/strong> \u0914\u0930 <strong>\u0938\u0924\u0924 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938<\/strong> (10\u0935\u0940\u0902 \u092a\u0902\u091a\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u0940\u092f \u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928\u093e) \u092a\u0930 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0938\u0902\u0924\u0941\u0932\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0943\u0937\u093f \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u092a\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0915\u0943\u0924 \u0928\u0908 \u0905\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0923\u093e \u0915\u094b \u091c\u0928\u094d\u092e \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0907\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0927\u0928\u0941\u0937 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0924\u093f<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093e\u092e \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u092a\u0939\u0932 \u0915\u0947 \u091c\u093c\u0930\u093f\u090f \u092a\u0942\u0930\u0947 \u0915\u0943\u0937\u093f \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0902\u092c\u094b\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>1980 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u0936\u0915 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u094c\u0930\u093e\u0928, \u0907\u0938 \u092a\u0939\u0932 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0908 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0924\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901 \u0936\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0925\u0940\u0902:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0924\u093f\u0932\u0939\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092a\u0940\u0932\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0924\u093f,<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u092e\u0924\u094d\u0938\u094d\u092f \u092a\u093e\u0932\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0928\u0940\u0932\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0924\u093f,<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0921\u0947\u092f\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0936\u094d\u0935\u0947\u0924 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0924\u093f,<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0909\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0930\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092d\u0942\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0924\u093f \u0914\u0930<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u092e\u0941\u0930\u094d\u0917\u0940 \u092a\u093e\u0932\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0930\u091c\u0924 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0924\u093f\u0964<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>11\u0935\u0940\u0902 \u092a\u0902\u091a\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u0940\u092f \u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928\u093e \u0928\u0947 \u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u094b <strong>\u0938\u0924\u0924 \u0915\u0943\u0937\u093f \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u0924\u0941\u0932\u093f\u0924 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938<\/strong> \u0915\u0940 \u0913\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928\u093e\u0902\u0924\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930 \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0947 \u0905\u092c <strong>\u0938\u092e\u093e\u0935\u0947\u0936\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938<\/strong> \u0915\u0939\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%82_%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF_%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B5\"><\/span><strong>\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0924\u093f \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0924\u093f \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u092b\u0938\u0932 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937 \u0924\u0915 \u0939\u0940 \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093f\u0924 \u0930\u0939\u0940, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0923\u0924\u093f \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0905\u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0935\u093e\u0926 \u0914\u0930 \u091a\u0947\u0924\u0928\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u0943\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0941\u0908\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0932\u093e\u092d \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0915 \u0928\u0941\u0915\u0938\u093e\u0928 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0924\u0941\u0932\u0928\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u092a\u0942\u0902\u091c\u0940\u0935\u093e\u0926\u0940 \u0916\u0947\u0924\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093e\u0902\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u093e\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0928\u0947 \u092c\u0921\u093c\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u093e\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0940 \u091c\u092e\u0940\u0928 \u092c\u0947\u091a \u0926\u0940, \u091c\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u090a\u0902\u091a\u0940 \u0915\u0940\u092e\u0924\u0947\u0902 \u0926\u0947\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0947\u0936\u0915\u0936 \u0915\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u0907\u0938 \u0924\u0930\u0939 \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093e\u0902\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u093e\u0928 \u092e\u091c\u0926\u0942\u0930 \u092c\u0928 \u0917\u090f\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0930\u093e\u0938\u093e\u092f\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0909\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0930\u0915\u094b\u0902, \u0915\u0940\u091f\u0928\u093e\u0936\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0906\u0926\u093f \u0928\u0947 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930-\u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e\u0940 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0923, \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0940, \u092e\u093f\u091f\u094d\u091f\u0940, \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f \u0914\u0930 \u091c\u0932 \u0915\u094b \u0928\u0915\u093e\u0930\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0907\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930, \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0924\u093f \u0928 \u0924\u094b \u092d\u0935\u093f\u0937\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0928\u094d\u092e\u0941\u0916\u0940 \u0925\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u0928 \u0939\u0940 \u0926\u0942\u0930\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u0928 \u0939\u0940 \u0938\u0924\u0924\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B5\"><\/span><strong>\u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u0935\u0948\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0924\u093e\u090f\u0901<\/strong> \u0909\u092d\u0930\u0940\u0902, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u0906\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0932\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u092e\u0924\u092d\u0947\u0926 \u092a\u0948\u0926\u093e \u0939\u0941\u090f\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u092b\u0938\u0932 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 <strong>\u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930-\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0905\u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0924\u093e\u090f\u0901<\/strong> \u0909\u092d\u0930\u0940\u0902, \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0915\u093f <strong>\u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e\u0940 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0947\u0936<\/strong> \u0914\u0930 <strong>\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0940 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0947\u0936 <\/strong>\u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f\u0940\u092f \u0905\u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0924\u093e\u090f\u0901<\/strong> \u092d\u0940 \u0909\u092d\u0930\u0940\u0902\u0964 \u0909\u0926\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f, 1960 \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u092a\u0902\u091c\u093e\u092c \u0914\u0930 \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930<\/strong> \u0928\u0947 \u092b\u0938\u0932 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u092f\u094b\u0917\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e, \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 \u0939\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 1990 \u0924\u0915 \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u092b\u0938\u0932 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0924 \u092c\u0921\u093c\u093e \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930 \u0939\u094b \u0917\u092f\u093e\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0905\u0928\u094c\u092a\u091a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u090b\u0923 \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u0943\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923, \u092e\u091c\u0926\u0942\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u094d\u091c \u0915\u0947 \u091c\u093e\u0932 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092b\u0902\u0938 \u0917\u090f\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B5\"><\/span><strong>\u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e\u0940\u0923 \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f\u0939\u0940\u0928\u0924\u093e <\/strong>\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u0943\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f \u0939\u0941\u0908, \u091b\u094b\u091f\u0947 \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093e\u0902\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u093e\u0928 \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f\u0939\u0940\u0928 \u0939\u094b \u0917\u090f \u0914\u0930 <strong>\u0915\u0943\u0937\u093f \u092e\u091c\u0926\u0942\u0930<\/strong> \u092c\u0928 \u0917\u090f, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0938\u0947 <strong>\u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e\u0940\u0923 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0932\u093e\u0902\u0917\u0924\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0925\u094d\u092f \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0940 \u0916\u0924\u0930\u0947<\/strong> \u092a\u0948\u0926\u093e \u0939\u0941\u090f\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u092e\u0936\u0940\u0928\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923 <\/strong>\u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u092c\u0947\u0930\u094b\u091c\u0917\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u092c\u0922\u093c\u0940\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u092a\u093f\u0924\u0943\u0938\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093e <\/strong>\u092e\u091c\u092c\u0942\u0924 \u0939\u0941\u0908, <strong>\u092e\u0939\u093f\u0932\u093e \u092d\u0947\u0926\u092d\u093e\u0935, \u0915\u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e \u092d\u094d\u0930\u0942\u0923 \u0939\u0924\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0926\u0939\u0947\u091c \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0925\u093e<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u0943\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f \u0939\u0941\u0908\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B5\"><\/span><strong>\u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0905\u0935\u0948\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0916\u0947\u0924\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0924\u0930\u0940\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 <strong>\u092e\u093f\u091f\u094d\u091f\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0930\u0923, \u0932\u0935\u0923\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923, \u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0930\u0940\u092f\u0924\u093e, \u0930\u0947\u0939, \u0915\u0932\u094d\u0932\u0930<\/strong> \u0906\u0926\u093f \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u0939\u0941\u0906\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0938\u093f\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0908 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 <\/strong>\u0938\u0947 \u0939\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0924\u093f \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u091c\u0932\u092d\u0930\u093e\u0935 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u092e\u0938\u094d\u092f\u093e<\/strong> \u092a\u0948\u0926\u093e \u0939\u0941\u0908\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0905\u0935\u093e\u0902\u091b\u093f\u0924 \u0930\u0938\u093e\u092f\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u092e\u093f\u091f\u094d\u091f\u0940 <strong>\u0935\u093f\u0937\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0924 <\/strong>\u0939\u094b \u0917\u0908, \u091c\u094b \u0909\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0930\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0939\u0941\u0906\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u091c\u0932 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0942\u0937\u0923<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u0943\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f \u0939\u0941\u0908, \u0928\u0926\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902, \u0924\u093e\u0932\u093e\u092c\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u091c\u0932\u093e\u0936\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0941\u0923\u0935\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093e \u092a\u0930 \u0928\u0915\u093e\u0930\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u0905\u0938\u0930 \u0926\u0947\u0916\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u094b \u092e\u093f\u0932\u093e\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u092f\u0942\u091f\u094d\u0930\u094b\u092b\u093f\u0915\u0947\u0936\u0928 <\/strong>(\u092a\u094b\u0937\u0915 \u0924\u0924\u094d\u0935\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0902\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0927\u0928) \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u091c\u0932\u0915\u0941\u0902\u092d\u0940 \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u091c\u093e\u0924\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u092c\u0922\u093c\u0940, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0938\u0947<strong> \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 <\/strong>\u0928\u0937\u094d\u091f \u0939\u094b \u0917\u090f\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0924\u093f \u0928\u0947 \u092c\u0921\u093c\u0947 \u092a\u0948\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u092a\u0930 <strong>\u0935\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u091f\u093e\u0908 <\/strong>\u0915\u0940, \u0916\u093e\u0938\u0915\u0930 <strong>\u092a\u0902\u091c\u093e\u092c, \u0924\u0930\u093e\u0908 \u0914\u0930 \u092d\u093e\u092d\u0930<\/strong> \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902, \u091c\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u0915\u0943\u0937\u093f \u0909\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u091c\u0902\u0917\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u093e\u092b \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u092b\u0938\u0932 \u090f\u0915\u0932 \u0916\u0947\u0924\u0940 <\/strong>(\u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947, \u0917\u0947\u0939\u0942\u0901 \u0915\u0940 \u092b\u0938\u0932 \u090f\u0915\u0932 \u0916\u0947\u0924\u0940) \u0914\u0930 <strong>\u0915\u0940\u091f\u0928\u093e\u0936\u0915\u094b\u0902, \u0909\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0930\u0915\u094b\u0902<\/strong> \u0914\u0930 <strong>\u0916\u0930\u092a\u0924\u0935\u093e\u0930\u0928\u093e\u0936\u0915\u094b\u0902 <\/strong>\u0915\u0947 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u0943\u0937\u093f \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u092a\u0948\u0926\u093e \u0939\u0941\u0906\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%82_%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%87_%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AD\"><\/span><strong>\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093e\u092d<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u092f\u0939 \u090f\u0915 \u0910\u0938\u0947 \u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0938\u0902\u0917\u093f\u0915 \u0925\u093e, \u091c\u0939\u093e\u0901 <strong>\u0916\u093e\u0926\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928\u094d\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0902\u0915\u091f \u0914\u0930 \u091c\u0928\u0938\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u092b\u094b\u091f <\/strong>\u0939\u092e\u0947\u0936\u093e \u092c\u0928\u093e \u0930\u0939\u0924\u093e \u0925\u093e\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0907\u0938\u0938\u0947 <strong>\u092d\u0942\u0916 <\/strong>\u0914\u0930 <strong>\u0905\u0915\u093e\u0932 <\/strong>\u0915\u0940 \u0938\u092e\u0938\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0926\u0942\u0930 \u0939\u0941\u0908\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0907\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u092a\u0942\u0901\u091c\u0940\u0935\u093e\u0926\u0940 \u0915\u0943\u0937\u093f \u092a\u0926\u094d\u0927\u0924\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901<\/strong> \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0938\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0941\u0908\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0915\u0943\u0937\u093f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937<\/strong> \u092a\u0948\u0926\u093e \u0939\u0941\u0906, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e <strong>\u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0935\u0938\u093e\u092f\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923 <\/strong>\u0939\u0941\u0906\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0907\u0938\u0938\u0947 <strong>\u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e\u0940\u0923 \u0905\u0935\u0938\u0902\u0930\u091a\u0928\u093e<\/strong> \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u0939\u0941\u0906, \u091c\u094b \u0939\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u090f\u0915 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935 \u0936\u0930\u094d\u0924 \u0925\u0940\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0907\u0938\u0938\u0947 <strong>\u0916\u093e\u0926\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0906\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092d\u0930\u0924\u093e<\/strong> \u0906\u0908\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0915\u0943\u0937\u093f \u0906\u092f\u093e\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0940\u092f \u092c\u094b\u091d<\/strong> \u0915\u092e \u0939\u0941\u0906, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0947 \u0905\u092c \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0917\u0930\u0940\u092c\u0940 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u092e\u0942\u0932\u0928 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0932\u0917\u093e\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0925\u093e\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u092e\u091c\u0926\u0942\u0930\u0940 \u0926\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u0943\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f <\/strong>\u0938\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u093e\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0928\u0915\u0926\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0909\u092a\u0932\u092c\u094d\u0927\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0941\u0908\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0915\u0943\u0937\u093f-\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0914\u0930 \u0916\u093e\u0926\u094d\u092f-\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0909\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u0938\u0947 \u091f\u093f\u092f\u0930 II\/III \u0936\u0939\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e <strong>\u0914\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923 <\/strong>\u0939\u0941\u0906 \u0914\u0930 <strong>\u0936\u0939\u0930\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923 <\/strong>\u0915\u0940 \u0926\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u0943\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f \u0939\u0941\u0908\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>1960-80 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u0936\u0915 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u094c\u0930\u093e\u0928 <strong>\u091c\u0928\u0938\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0935\u0943\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f <\/strong>\u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a \u0916\u093e\u0926\u094d\u092f \u0906\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0925\u0940, \u091c\u094b \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u0939\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u094c\u0930\u093e\u0928 \u0939\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u092d\u0935 \u0925\u0940\u0964 25 \u0938\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u093e\u0932 \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u091c\u0928\u0938\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e 33 \u0915\u0930\u094b\u0921\u093c \u0938\u0947 \u092c\u0922\u093c\u0915\u0930 66 \u0915\u0930\u094b\u0921\u093c<\/strong> \u0939\u094b \u0917\u0908\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0907\u0938\u0938\u0947 <strong>\u0915\u0943\u0937\u093f \u0915\u093e \u092e\u0936\u0940\u0928\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923 <\/strong>\u0939\u0941\u0906\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0939\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0924\u093f \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f \u0938\u0941\u0927\u093e\u0930, \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f \u091c\u094b\u0924 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u092e\u0947\u0915\u0928<\/strong> \u0906\u0926\u093f \u0932\u093e\u0917\u0942 \u0915\u093f\u090f \u0917\u090f\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0915\u0943\u0937\u093f \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u0905\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927 \u092e\u091c\u092c\u0942\u0924 \u0939\u0941\u090f\u0964\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0905\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927 \u0909\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0915\u091a\u094d\u091a\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0902\u0926\u0930\u094d\u092d\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u091c\u092c\u0915\u093f \u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927 \u0909\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0915\u091a\u094d\u091a\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u093e\u0902\u0917 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0902\u0926\u0930\u094d\u092d\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%82_%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%87_%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8\"><\/span><strong>\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u0941\u0915\u0938\u093e\u0928<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u092a\u093f \u0939\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0924\u093f \u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0943\u0937\u093f \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0915\u093e\u092b\u0940 \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0935\u093e \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e, \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0908 \u0928\u0941\u0915\u0938\u093e\u0928 \u092d\u0940 \u0939\u0941\u090f\u0964 \u0939\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u0941\u0915\u0938\u093e\u0928 \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0926\u0947\u0916\u0947 \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0930\u093e\u0938\u093e\u092f\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0909\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0930\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u0940\u091f\u0928\u093e\u0936\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092d\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0928\u0947 <strong>\u092e\u093f\u091f\u094d\u091f\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0941\u0923\u0935\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093e<\/strong> \u0915\u094b \u0916\u0930\u093e\u092c \u0915\u0930 \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u092e\u093f\u091f\u094d\u091f\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0926\u0940\u0930\u094d\u0918\u0915\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u0909\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0915\u092e \u0939\u094b \u0917\u0908 \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u092a\u0935\u093e\u0939 \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u0932 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0942\u0937\u0923 \u0939\u0941\u0906\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0938\u093f\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0908 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u091c\u0932 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u093e\u0927\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0917\u0939\u0928 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0928\u0947 <strong>\u092d\u0942\u091c\u0932 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u092e\u0940 <\/strong>\u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0924\u0939\u0940 \u091c\u0932 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0926\u094b\u0939\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092f\u094b\u0917\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u0915\u0908 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902<strong> \u092a\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u092e\u0940<\/strong> \u0939\u094b \u0917\u0908\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0924\u093f\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0924, \u0939\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0924\u093f \u0928\u0947 \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u094b\u0939\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0935\u093e \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u0938\u0902\u0924\u0941\u0932\u0928 \u092a\u0948\u0926\u093e \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u093e\u0927\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0924\u0915 \u092a\u0939\u0941\u0901\u091a \u0930\u0916\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0927\u0928\u0940 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u093e\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0932\u093e\u092d \u0939\u0941\u0906 \u091c\u092c\u0915\u093f \u091b\u094b\u091f\u0947 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093e\u0902\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u093e\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0909\u092a\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0939\u0941\u0908\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0907\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e\u0940\u0923 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902<strong> \u0905\u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0924\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0937\u092e\u0924\u093e\u090f\u0901 <\/strong>\u092c\u0922\u093c\u0940\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0905\u0902\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902, \u0915\u0941\u091b \u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a \u0909\u092a\u091c \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u092b\u0938\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u0948\u0935 \u0935\u093f\u0935\u093f\u0927\u0924\u093e \u0915\u092e \u0939\u094b \u0917\u0908, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u0915\u0943\u0937\u093f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u0940 <strong>\u0915\u0940\u091f\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u092c\u0940\u092e\u093e\u0930\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u0935\u0947\u0926\u0928\u0936\u0940\u0932<\/strong> \u0939\u094b \u0917\u0908\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-background has-fixed-layout\" style=\"background-color:#ebecf0\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>\u0935\u093f\u092a\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0924\u0930\u094d\u0915<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>\u092a\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0924\u0930\u094d\u0915<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td rowspan=\"5\">\u0938\u0940\u092e\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0924\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0930\u0964\u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u0905\u092e\u0940\u0930 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u093e\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0932\u093e\u092d\u0964\u092c\u0947\u0930\u094b\u091c\u0917\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u0943\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f\u0964\u092a\u0940\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0942\u0937\u0923 \u0914\u0930 \u092e\u093f\u091f\u094d\u091f\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0930\u0923\u0964\u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0924\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u0943\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f\u0964<\/td><td rowspan=\"5\">\u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u0943\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f\u0964\u0916\u0947\u0924\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u0943\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f\u0964\u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u0924\u0941\u0932\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0935\u093e\u0964\u091c\u0940\u0935\u0928 \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930\u0964\u0938\u092d\u0940 \u0915\u094b \u0932\u093e\u092d\u0964<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B7\"><\/span><strong>\u0928\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0915\u0930\u094d\u0937<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0939\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0924\u093f \u0928\u0947 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0916\u093e\u0926\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0925\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u0932\u0915\u094d\u0937\u094d\u092f \u0915\u094b \u0938\u092b\u0932\u0924\u093e\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964 \u0907\u0938 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u092e\u0940\u0932 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0924\u094d\u0925\u0930 \u0924\u0915 \u092a\u0939\u0941\u0901\u091a\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925, \u0905\u092c \u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u0902\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0923\u0940\u092f \u0915\u0943\u0937\u093f \u092a\u0948\u091f\u0930\u094d\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0935\u093e \u0926\u0947\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0913\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928\u093e\u0902\u0924\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0939\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0902\u0924\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u0915 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0915\u0947 \u0914\u0930 \u0926\u0940\u0930\u094d\u0918\u0915\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u0924\u0941\u0932\u0928 \u0938\u0941\u0928\u093f\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0925\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u090f\u0915\u0940\u0915\u0943\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0915\u0947, \u0907\u0938 \u092a\u0939\u0932 \u0915\u094b \u0939\u092e \u0938\u0926\u093e\u092c\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0939 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0907\u0938 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094d\u092f \u0905\u0924\u0940\u0924 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u092b\u0932\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0906\u0917\u0947 \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0928\u093e \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0938\u092e\u0915\u093e\u0932\u0940\u0928 \u091a\u0941\u0928\u094c\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e, \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0915 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0923\u0940\u092f \u0926\u0943\u0937\u094d\u091f\u093f \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0924\u0924 \u0915\u0943\u0937\u093f \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u0938\u0941\u0928\u093f\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%9B%E0%A5%87_%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%87_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%87_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A8_FAQs\"><\/span><strong>\u0905\u0915\u094d\u0938\u0930 \u092a\u0942\u091b\u0947 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928 (FAQs)<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n<div id=\"rank-math-faq\" class=\"rank-math-block\">\n<div class=\"rank-math-list \">\n<div id=\"faq-question-1741349566081\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%88\"><\/span><strong>\u0939\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0924\u093f \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948?<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p>\u0939\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0924\u093f 1960 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u0936\u0915 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0936\u0941\u0930\u0942 \u0939\u0941\u0908 \u090f\u0915 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0915\u0943\u0937\u093f \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0928\u0924\u093f \u092a\u0939\u0932 \u0925\u0940, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0939\u091a\u093e\u0928 \u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a \u0909\u092a\u091c \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u092b\u0938\u0932 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u094d\u092e\u094b\u0902, \u0930\u093e\u0938\u093e\u092f\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0909\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0930\u0915\u094b\u0902, \u0915\u0940\u091f\u0928\u093e\u0936\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0906\u0927\u0941\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u093f\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0908 \u0924\u0915\u0928\u0940\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0936\u0941\u0930\u0942\u0906\u0924 \u0938\u0947 \u0939\u0941\u0908\u0964<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-1741349591266\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%87_%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8C%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%82\"><\/span><strong>\u0939\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u091c\u0928\u0915 \u0915\u094c\u0928 \u0939\u0948\u0902?<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p>\u0928\u0949\u0930\u094d\u092e\u0928 \u092c\u094b\u0930\u0932\u0949\u0917 \u0915\u094b &#8220;\u0939\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0924\u093f \u0915\u093e \u091c\u0928\u0915&#8221; \u0915\u0939\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-1741349601137\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%82_%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%87_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%80\"><\/span><strong>\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0940 \u0936\u0941\u0930\u0941\u0906\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940?<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p>\u090f\u092e.\u090f\u0938. \u0938\u094d\u0935\u093e\u092e\u0940\u0928\u093e\u0925\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0924\u093f \u0915\u093e \u0928\u0947\u0924\u0943\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093e \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0947\u092f \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0939\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0924\u093f 1960 \u0914\u0930 1970 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u0936\u0915 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0936\u0941\u0930\u0942 \u0915\u093f\u090f \u0917\u090f \u0915\u0943\u0937\u093f \u0928\u0935\u093e\u091a\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0925\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0902\u0926\u0930\u094d\u092d\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938\u0936\u0940\u0932 \u0926\u0947\u0936\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0916\u093e\u0926\u094d\u092f \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u0932\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0916\u0928\u0940\u092f \u0935\u0943\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f \u0915\u0940\u0964<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":16501,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[821],"tags":[94],"class_list":["post-16497","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-821","tag---1"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16497","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/9"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=16497"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16497\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":16508,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16497\/revisions\/16508"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/16501"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16497"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=16497"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=16497"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}