{"id":13709,"date":"2024-11-16T13:56:12","date_gmt":"2024-11-16T13:56:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/?p=13709"},"modified":"2024-11-16T13:56:41","modified_gmt":"2024-11-16T13:56:41","slug":"nuclear-reactors","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/nuclear-reactors\/","title":{"rendered":"Nuclear Reactors"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><em><strong>Nuclear reactors<\/strong> are devices that control nuclear fission to release energy, primarily for electricity generation. By splitting uranium or plutonium atoms, reactors produce heat, which generates steam to drive turbines. Known for high energy output and low greenhouse gas emissions, nuclear reactors play a key role in modern energy systems.<\/em><\/p><div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_56_1 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-transparent ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/nuclear-reactors\/#About_the_Nuclear_Reactors\" title=\"About the Nuclear Reactors\">About the Nuclear Reactors<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/nuclear-reactors\/#Types_of_Nuclear_Reactors\" title=\"Types of Nuclear Reactors\">Types of Nuclear Reactors<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/nuclear-reactors\/#Pressurized_Water_Reactor_PWR\" title=\"Pressurized Water Reactor (PWR)\">Pressurized Water Reactor (PWR)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/nuclear-reactors\/#Boiling_Water_Reactor_BWR\" title=\"Boiling Water Reactor (BWR)\">Boiling Water Reactor (BWR)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/nuclear-reactors\/#Pressurized_Heavy_Water_Reactor_PHWR\" title=\"Pressurized Heavy Water Reactor (PHWR)\">Pressurized Heavy Water Reactor (PHWR)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/nuclear-reactors\/#Gas-Cooled_Reactor_AGR_and_GCR\" title=\"Gas-Cooled Reactor (AGR and GCR)\">Gas-Cooled Reactor (AGR and GCR)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/nuclear-reactors\/#Fast_Breeder_Reactor_FBR\" title=\"Fast Breeder Reactor (FBR)\">Fast Breeder Reactor (FBR)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/nuclear-reactors\/#Small_Modular_Reactor_SMR\" title=\"Small Modular Reactor (SMR)\">Small Modular Reactor (SMR)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/nuclear-reactors\/#Molten_Salt_Reactor_MSR\" title=\"Molten Salt Reactor (MSR)\">Molten Salt Reactor (MSR)<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/nuclear-reactors\/#Nuclear_Reactors_in_India\" title=\"Nuclear Reactors in India\">Nuclear Reactors in India<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/nuclear-reactors\/#Key_Points\" title=\"Key Points:\">Key Points:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/nuclear-reactors\/#Advantages_of_Nuclear_Reactors\" title=\"Advantages of Nuclear Reactors\">Advantages of Nuclear Reactors<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/nuclear-reactors\/#Worlds_Famous_Nuclear_Reactors\" title=\"Worlds Famous Nuclear Reactors\">Worlds Famous Nuclear Reactors<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/nuclear-reactors\/#Way_Forward\" title=\"Way Forward\">Way Forward<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/nuclear-reactors\/#Conclusion\" title=\"Conclusion\">Conclusion<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-4a1d99a50f71ad67c659d030042e1e6c\" style=\"color:#015aa7\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"About_the_Nuclear_Reactors\"><\/span><strong>About the Nuclear Reactors<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Nuclear reactors<\/strong> are powerful energy sources that produce about 10% of the world\u2019s electricity. As of 2023, there are approximately 440 nuclear reactors operating in over 30 countries, with the United States, France, and China leading in reactor numbers and energy production.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Nuclear energy\u2019s appeal lies in its ability to generate large amounts of power with minimal greenhouse gas emissions; a single uranium fuel pellet produces as much energy as a ton of coal or 149 gallons of oil.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Reactors come in several designs, with pressurized water reactors (PWRs) being the most common, followed by boiling water reactors (BWRs) and advanced gas-cooled reactors (AGRs).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>While nuclear energy is efficient, it presents challenges, such as radioactive waste disposal and the potential for severe accidents, like Chernobyl and Fukushima.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Despite these concerns, advancements in reactor technology, such as small modular reactors (SMRs), aim to make nuclear power safer, more adaptable, and environmentally sustainable.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-8337de2c21b74df46957c05e5ad9512c\" style=\"color:#015aa7\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Types_of_Nuclear_Reactors\"><\/span><strong>Types of Nuclear Reactors<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Nuclear reactors vary by design, fuel type, and cooling method. Here are the main types:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-b56063e6eb03cd8b2d2d3f381563b9ef\" style=\"color:#ff6a00\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Pressurized_Water_Reactor_PWR\"><\/span><strong>Pressurized Water Reactor (PWR)<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The most common type globally, PWRs use water as both a coolant and a moderator. The water is kept under high pressure to prevent it from boiling, transferring heat to a secondary loop that produces steam and drives turbines.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-c9d1d272fb3d4e04539ee4da5508908b\" style=\"color:#ff6a00\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Boiling_Water_Reactor_BWR\"><\/span><strong>Boiling Water Reactor (BWR)<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>In BWRs, water is allowed to boil inside the reactor vessel, generating steam directly within the reactor core. The steam then powers turbines, simplifying the design but requiring radiation shielding around the turbine.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-e1a5827f8ef318d0eb21be8c766be7e3\" style=\"color:#ff6a00\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Pressurized_Heavy_Water_Reactor_PHWR\"><\/span><strong>Pressurized Heavy Water Reactor (PHWR)<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Known as CANDU reactors in Canada, PHWRs use heavy water (deuterium oxide) as a moderator. This design allows the use of natural uranium as fuel, making it efficient for regions with limited uranium enrichment facilities.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-b2c6f5eebb6adb6d476c8b6aff7e5775\" style=\"color:#ff6a00\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Gas-Cooled_Reactor_AGR_and_GCR\"><\/span><strong>Gas-Cooled Reactor (AGR and GCR)<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Advanced Gas-Cooled Reactors (AGRs), found mainly in the UK, use carbon dioxide as a coolant and graphite as a moderator. These reactors operate at high temperatures, improving thermal efficiency.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-c2cf89929a44625b8a7baae393394730\" style=\"color:#ff6a00\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Fast_Breeder_Reactor_FBR\"><\/span><strong>Fast Breeder Reactor (FBR)<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>FBRs use fast neutrons and can &#8220;breed&#8221; more fuel (plutonium) than they consume, using liquid metals like sodium as a coolant. They are valued for potentially producing sustainable fuel from uranium resources.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-5e80e9be700d8ff1562c985456eb735e\" style=\"color:#ff6a00\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Small_Modular_Reactor_SMR\"><\/span><strong>Small Modular Reactor (SMR)<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A new technology, SMRs are compact and designed for flexibility. They are factory-assembled, making them cost-effective and suitable for remote locations or smaller grids.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-dc569cb960bb5f910f50fcd4c4e77e67\" style=\"color:#ff6a00\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Molten_Salt_Reactor_MSR\"><\/span><strong>Molten Salt Reactor (MSR)<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>MSRs use liquid fuel mixed with molten salt, which also acts as a coolant. This design allows for high-temperature operation and inherent safety features, making them promising for future energy needs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Each type has unique advantages and challenges, contributing to the diversity and development of nuclear technology worldwide.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-fcfd12efb6f69645a61226f670229ac9\" style=\"color:#015aa7\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Nuclear_Reactors_in_India\"><\/span><strong>Nuclear Reactors in India<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>India has an active nuclear energy program, with nuclear reactors playing a crucial role in the country\u2019s goal of achieving energy security and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. The Indian nuclear power program operates under a three-stage strategy to utilize its limited uranium and vast thorium reserves.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-40a37be180ccfda43321d9cc2d6e0d0e\" style=\"color:#ff6a00\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Key_Points\"><\/span><strong>Key Points:<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Operational Reactors:<\/strong> India has 22 operational nuclear reactors with a combined capacity of about 6,780 megawatts (MW), making it one of the top countries in terms of nuclear capacity. These reactors contribute around 3% of India\u2019s total electricity generation.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Types of Reactors:<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Pressurized Heavy Water Reactors (PHWRs):<\/strong> The majority of India\u2019s reactors are PHWRs, primarily using natural uranium as fuel and heavy water as a moderator, which allows efficient fuel use without enrichment.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Light Water Reactors (LWRs):<\/strong> India also operates imported LWRs, notably from Russia, under international collaboration.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Fast Breeder Reactors (FBRs):<\/strong> India is developing FBRs, aiming to use plutonium and thorium as fuel. The Prototype Fast Breeder Reactor (PFBR) in Tamil Nadu is under commissioning and will mark a milestone in India\u2019s thorium utilization.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Thorium Program:<\/strong> India has vast thorium reserves, primarily in the southern states. As part of its three-stage nuclear strategy, India plans to develop thorium-based reactors to achieve sustainable energy production with minimal uranium reliance.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Expansion Plans:<\/strong> India has ambitious plans to increase nuclear capacity to 22,480 MW by 2031, including both indigenous PHWRs and LWRs in collaboration with foreign partners like Russia, France, and the United States.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Nuclear Regulatory and Safety Framework:<\/strong> The Atomic Energy Regulatory Board (AERB) oversees nuclear safety in India, and reactors are operated under strict guidelines for operational safety and waste management.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>India\u2019s nuclear program is a key component of its energy strategy, with ongoing research and development in advanced technologies to ensure safe, reliable, and sustainable power.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-2648def77021ee44cc208b59691bdebb\" style=\"color:#015aa7\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Advantages_of_Nuclear_Reactors\"><\/span><strong>Advantages of Nuclear Reactors<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Nuclear reactors<\/strong> offer several advantages, especially for countries seeking reliable and low-carbon energy sources. Here are the primary benefits:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>High Energy Density:<\/strong> Nuclear reactors produce a significant amount of energy from a small amount of fuel. A single uranium fuel pellet can generate as much energy as a ton of coal or 149 gallons of oil, making nuclear power highly efficient.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Low Greenhouse Gas Emissions:<\/strong> Nuclear reactors emit minimal greenhouse gases during operation, helping to mitigate climate change. They produce less CO\u2082 per unit of electricity than fossil fuel plants, comparable to renewable sources like wind and solar.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Stable and Reliable Power:<\/strong> Nuclear reactors provide a steady, reliable power supply, unlike some renewable sources that depend on weather conditions. This makes nuclear energy ideal for baseload power, ensuring consistent electricity generation.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Energy Independence:<\/strong> Countries with limited fossil fuel resources can use nuclear energy to reduce dependence on imported fuels. This can enhance energy security and stabilize national energy prices.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Small Land Footprint:<\/strong> Nuclear plants require less land than many renewable energy sources. They can produce large amounts of energy from a compact space, making them suitable for areas with limited available land.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>High Load Factor:<\/strong> Nuclear reactors operate with high capacity factors, often above 90%, meaning they generate power almost continuously, unlike fossil fuel plants or some renewable options that have lower capacity factors.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Long Fuel Supply:<\/strong> With advanced reactor designs and recycling options, nuclear energy has the potential for a long-term fuel supply, especially with the development of thorium and fast breeder reactors.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Job Creation and Economic Benefits:<\/strong> Nuclear power plants contribute to local economies by creating high-skill jobs and requiring extensive supply chains. They also generate significant tax revenue for host communities.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>While nuclear reactors do come with challenges like waste management and accident risks, advancements in technology and safety are making nuclear power an increasingly viable option for a sustainable energy future.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-b6418ad2a86dede19f9ac83570117da6\" style=\"color:#015aa7\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Worlds_Famous_Nuclear_Reactors\"><\/span><strong>Worlds Famous Nuclear Reactors<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Several <strong>nuclear reactors<\/strong> worldwide have gained recognition due to their size, technological advancements, or historical significance. Here\u2019s a list of some of the world\u2019s most famous nuclear reactors:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant (Ukraine):<\/strong> Known for the catastrophic 1986 accident, Chernobyl\u2019s Reactor 4 explosion led to a major nuclear disaster, shaping global nuclear safety regulations and research. The site is now decommissioned, with Reactor 4 entombed under a protective sarcophagus.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant (Japan):<\/strong> This plant experienced a meltdown in 2011 following a massive earthquake and tsunami, leading to one of the worst nuclear accidents in history. The disaster prompted global reviews of nuclear safety, particularly in earthquake-prone areas.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Kashiwazaki-Kariwa Nuclear Power Plant (Japan):<\/strong> With a capacity of around 8,200 MW, this is one of the world\u2019s largest nuclear power stations. Located in Japan, it has seven reactors, although operations have been paused and restarted multiple times due to seismic safety concerns.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Three Mile Island (USA):<\/strong> Site of the most serious nuclear accident in the United States, Three Mile Island\u2019s partial meltdown in 1979 brought about significant changes in the nuclear regulatory framework in the U.S., improving safety protocols.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Zaporizhzhia Nuclear Power Plant (Ukraine):<\/strong> The largest nuclear power plant in Europe, Zaporizhzhia has six reactors and generates about 5,700 MW. Due to its location, it has been under international attention amidst geopolitical tensions and conflicts.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Bruce Nuclear Generating Station (Canada):<\/strong> Situated in Ontario, Canada, this is the largest operating nuclear facility by capacity in the world, producing around 6,430 MW. It primarily uses CANDU (Canadian Deuterium Uranium) reactors, known for using natural uranium as fuel.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Kola Nuclear Power Plant (Russia):<\/strong> Located near the Arctic Circle, Kola demonstrates Russia\u2019s ability to generate nuclear power in extreme environments. It has four reactors and is crucial to powering northern Russian regions.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Paluel Nuclear Power Plant (France):<\/strong> As part of France\u2019s extensive nuclear program, Paluel is one of the country&#8217;s largest nuclear stations. France generates over 70% of its electricity from nuclear energy, with Paluel contributing significantly to the grid.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Hanul Nuclear Power Plant (South Korea):<\/strong> Formerly known as Ulchin, this is South Korea\u2019s largest nuclear power plant, producing over 5,900 MW. It represents the country\u2019s commitment to nuclear energy as a stable and secure energy source.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>ITER (International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor) (France):<\/strong> Though still under construction, ITER is the world\u2019s largest experimental nuclear fusion reactor. Supported by an international consortium, ITER aims to demonstrate the feasibility of fusion power, potentially revolutionizing clean energy if successful.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>These reactors highlight the diversity of nuclear facilities worldwide, spanning historical sites, large power-generating stations, and groundbreaking experiments.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-1e603a2ea607b35340e5267a97dffca5\" style=\"color:#015aa7\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Way_Forward\"><\/span><strong>Way Forward<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The future of nuclear reactors lies in advancing safety, sustainability, and adaptability. Emphasis on <strong>Small Modular Reactors (SMRs)<\/strong> offers flexible deployment, ideal for smaller grids and remote areas. <strong>Innovations in reactor design<\/strong>, such as molten salt and fast breeder reactors, can improve fuel efficiency and reduce waste.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Enhanced safety protocols and <strong>public transparency<\/strong> are essential for building trust. Further, nuclear fusion research, like the ITER project, promises virtually limitless, clean energy. These advancements aim to make nuclear energy safer, more sustainable, and a vital part of global carbon reduction efforts.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-d0adc4bd9eb2e9b9b187dc32f0e06642\" style=\"color:#015aa7\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Conclusion\"><\/span><strong>Conclusion<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Nuclear reactors<\/strong> offer a powerful solution for clean, reliable energy with minimal greenhouse gas emissions. While challenges like waste management and safety exist, advancements in technology continue to enhance their sustainability and safety, positioning nuclear power as a crucial component in the global shift toward low-carbon energy.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Nuclear reactors are devices that control nuclear fission to release energy, primarily for electricity generation.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":13710,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[63],"tags":[72],"class_list":["post-13709","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-science-and-technology","tag-gs-3"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13709","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/9"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13709"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13709\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":13714,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13709\/revisions\/13714"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/13710"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13709"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13709"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13709"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}